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Caesar, ăris (CAESERIS, C. I. L. 4, 2308; Inscr. Orell. 4205: CAESARVS, C. I. L. 1, 696), m., = Καῖσαρ [a caeso matris utero, Plin. 7, 9, 7, § 47; cf. Non. p. 556, 32:

  1. I. a caesarie dictus, qui scilicet cum caesarie natus est, Fest. p. 44; cf. Comment. p. 383. Both etymm. also in Isid. Orig. 9, 3, 12, and Spart. Ael. Ver. 2. Better acc. to Doed. Syn. III. p. 17, from caesius, caeruleus, the color of the skin; cf. Rufus], a cognomen in the gens Julia. Of these the most celebrated, C.Julius Caesar, distinguished as general, orator, statesman, and author, was assassinated by Brutus and Cassius, B.C. 44. After him all the emperors bore the name Caesar, with the title Augustus, until, under Adrian, this difference arose: Augustus designated the ruling emperor; Caesar, the heir to the throne, the crown-prince, etc., Spart. Ael. Ver. 1, § 2; Aur. Vict. Caes. 13, § 12.
  2. II. Derivv.
    1. A. Caesărīnus, a, um, adj., of or relating to the triumvir Julius Cœsar, Cœsarian: celeritas, Cic. Att. 16, 10, 1 Orell. N.cr.
    2. B. Caesărĭānus, a, um, adj.
      1. 1. Of the triumvir Cœsar, Cœsarian: bellum civile, Nep. Att. 7, 1.
        Hence, Caesărĭāni, ōrum, m., the adherents of Cœsar in the civil war (as Pompeiani, his opponents), Hirt. B. Afr. 13: orationes, orations of Cicero in which Cœsar was praised (pro Marcello, Deiotaro, De Provinciis Consularibus, etc.), Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 131.
      2. 2. Imperial, Vop. Carin. init.: Pallas (esp. honored by Domitian), Mart. 8, 1.
        Hence, subst.
        1. a. Caesărĭāni, ōrum, m.
          1. (α) A class of provincial imperial officers, Cod. Just. 10, 1, 5; 10, 1, 7; Cod. Th. 10, 7.
          2. (β) Partisans of Cœsar, Auct. B. Afr. 13; Flor. 4, 3.
        2. b. Caesărĭānum, i, n., a kind of eye-salve, Cels. 6, 6, n. 27.
    3. C. Caesă-rĕus, a, um, adj.
      1. 1. Of or pertaining to the triumvir Cœsar, Cœsarian (mostly poet.): sanguis, Ov. M. 1, 201: Penates, id. ib. 15, 864: Vesta, id. ib. 15, 865: forum, founded by him, Stat. S. 1, 1, 85.
      2. 2. Imperial: amphitheatrum, built by the emperor Domitian, Mart. Spect. 1, 7: leones, presented by Domitian in the fight of wild beasts, id. Epigr. 1, 7, 3.

Caesăraugusta, ae, f., = Καισαραυγοῦστα, a town in Hispania Tarraconensis, on the Ebro, so called after the emperor Augustus, who colonized it; acc. to some, the native town of Prudentius, now Saragossa, Mel. 2, 6, 4; Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 24.

Caesărēa (-ī̆a), ae, f., = Καισἀρεια.

  1. I. A very important town in Palestine, previously called Stratonis turris, now Kaisariyeh, Plin. 5, 13, 14, § 69; Tac. H. 2, 78; Eutr. 7, 10; Amm. 14, 8, 11.
    Hence,
    1. B. Deriv.: Caesărĭensis, e, adj., of Cœsarea: Colonia, Dig. 50, 15, 1.
      Caesărĭ-enses, ium, m., its inhabitants, Plin. 5, 29, 31, § 120; Dig. 50, 15, 8.
  2. II. A town in Mauritania, earlier called Iol, now Shershell (or, acc. to others, Tniz or Tenez), Mel. 1, 6, 1; Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20, Eutr. 7, 10.
    Hence,
    1. B. Caesărĭensis, e, adj., of Cœsarea: Mauretania, Tac. H. 2, 58 sq.
  3. III. The capital of Cappadocia, now Kaisariyeh, Plin. 6, 3, 3, § 8; Eutr. 7, 6; Auct. B. Alex. 66, 4.
  4. IV. A town in Phœnicia, in which Alexander Severus was born, formerly Arca, Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 1; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 1, 2.

Caesărĕus, a, um, v. Caesar, II. C.

Caesărĭānus, a, um, v. Caesar, II. B.

caesărĭātus, a, um, adj. [caesaries] (very rare).

  1. I. Covered with hair, having long hair: caesariati comati, Fest. p. 35: miles usque caesariatus, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 171: Numidae equis caesariati, i. e. with helmets ornamented with horse-hair, Tert. Pall. 4.
  2. * II. Trop., ornamented with foliage or leaves: terra, App. de Mundo, p. 67, 37; cf. coma.

Caesărĭensis, e, v. Caesarea, I. B. and II. B.

caesărĭes, ēi, f. [kindr. with Sanscr. kēsa, coma, caesaries, Bopp, Gloss. p. 85, a],

  1. I. a dark (acc. to Rom. taste, beautiful) head of hair, the hair (mostly poet.; only sing.).
      1. 1. Of men (so most freq.), Plaut. Mil. 1, 2, 64: ipsa decoram Caesariem nato genitrix afflarat, Verg. A. 1, 590: nitida, id. G. 4, 337: flava, *Juv. 13, 165: pectes caesariem, *Hor. C. 1, 15, 14: umeros tegens, Ov. M. 13, 914: terrifica, id. ib. 1, 180: horrida fieri, id. ib. 10, 139: horrifica, Luc. 2, 372 et saep.
        In prose: promissa, Liv. 28, 35, 6; Vulg. Num. 6, 5.
      2. 2. Of women, Cat. 66, 8; Verg. G. 4, 337 Forbig. ad loc.; Ov. Am. 3, 1, 32; id. M. 4, 492.
    1. * B. Transf., the hair of dogs, Grat. Cyn. 272.
  2. II. Barbae, the hair of the beard (very rare), Ov M. 15, 656.

Caesărīnus, a, um, v. Caesar, II. A.

Caesărĭo, ōnis, m., = Καισαρίων, son of Cœsar by Cleopatra, put to death by the command of Augustus, Suet. Aug. 17; cf. id. Caes. 52.

vēnālis, e, adj. [2. venus], of or belonging to selling, to be sold, for sale, purchasable.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.: aedes, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 67: aedis venalis hasce inscribit litteris, id. Trin. 1, 2, 131: horti, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58: venales ac proscriptae possessiones, id. Agr. 3, 4, 15: cibus uno asse, Plin. 19, 4, 19, § 54: ut ne opera quidem pistoria proponi venalia sinerent, Suet. Tib. 34: essedum, id. Claud. 16: cibumque coctum venalem proponi vetuit, Val. Max. 2, 7, 2: vox, i. e. of a public crier, Cic. Quint. 3, 13: otium non gemmis venale, Hor. C. 2, 16, 7: postremo dixisse (Jugurtham), Urbem venalem et mature perituram, si emptorem invenerit, Sall. J. 35, 10: ubi non sit, quo deferri possit venale, non expediat colere (hortos), Varr. R. R. 1, 16, 3: familia, i. e. a gang of slaves for sale, Quint. 7, 2, 26.
    2. B. In partic.: vēnālis, is, m., a young slave offered for sale, Plaut. Aul. 3, 3, 4; id. Rud. 4, 3, 35; id. Trin. 2, 2, 51 al.; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 146; Sen. Ben. 4, 13, 3; id. Ep. 80, 8; Hor. S. 1, 1, 47; Plin. 35, 17, 57, § 199; cf. Quint. 8, 2, 8.
      Hence, Caesărī vēnāles (or as one word, Caesărĭvēnāles), ium, m., a name given to the inhabitants of Castulo, in Spain, Plin. 3, 3, 4, § 25.
  2. II. Transf., that can be bought by bribes or presents, venal: quae ipse semper habuit venalia, fidem, jus jurandum, veritatem, officium, religionem, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 144: fidem cum proposuisses venalem in provinciā, id. ib. 2, 2, 32, § 78: juris dictio, id. ib. 2, 2, 48, § 119: multitudo pretio, Liv. 35, 50, 4: amicae ad munus, Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 21: cena, Mart. 3, 60, 1: animae, Sil. 15, 500: amici, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.