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* castīgābĭlis, e, adj. [castigo], deserving punishment: culpa, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 6.

castīgātē, adv., v. castigo fin.

castīgātĭo, ōnis, f. [castigo],

  1. I. a correcting, chastising, punishment, correction, etc. (in good prose).
    1. A. Lit.
      1. 1. In gen., of blows. etc. (rare, and always with gen.: fustium, Dig. 1, 15, 3: flagellorum, ib. 48, 19, 7.
      2. 2. Of verbal chastisement, reproof, etc. (class. and freq.): omnis et animad. versio et castigatio contumeliā vacare debet, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 88; cf. id. ib. 1, 38, 137: admonitio frequens, interdum et castigatio, vindicta rarissima, Vell. 2, 114, 3; Quint. 1, 3, 14; 3, 8, 54: tacita, Liv. 27, 10, 10; Sen. Ira, 1, 6, 1; 1, 15, 1; 2, 27, 3; id. Ep. 94, 36: censoria, Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 32; Vulg. Psa. 72, 14.
        In plur., Cic. Tusc. 4, 20, 45; Liv. 31, 46, 11 al.
        With gen.: verborum, Liv. 27, 15, 2.
    2. B. Transf., in gardening, a trimming, lopping of plants, Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 173.
      Of the exposure of their roots to the cold, Plin. 17, 28, 47, § 262.
  2. II. Trop.: loquendi, the tempering, moderating of the speech, Macr. S. 2, 4, 12.

castīgātor, ōris, m. [castigo], one who corrects or chastises, a corrector, reprover (not in Cic.), Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 150; 3, 1, 13: lacrimarum atque inertium querelarum, Liv. 1, 59, 4: castigator censorque minorum, * Hor. A. P. 174: tot saeculorum, Col. 8, 16, 6; cf. Sen. Ira, 1, 15, 3; Plin. Pan. 40, 1.

castīgātōrĭus, a, um, adj. [castigator], after the manner of reprovers or correctors, reproving, censuring (post-Aug. and very rare): solatium, Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 10: severitas, Sid. Ep. 4, 1.

castīgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [castum-ago, as purgo = purum-ago],

  1. I. to set right by word or deed, to correct, chastise, punish; to blame, reprove, chide, censure, find fault with (syn.: animadvertere, punire; more forcible than reprehendere and vituperare; weaker than culpare; class. in prose and poetry): pueros non verbis solum, sed etiam verberibus, Cic. Tusc. 3, 27, 64; so, verberibus, Plin. 8, 3, 3, § 6; cf. Liv. 26, 27, 8; Curt. 8, 6, 5: magnā clade, Liv. 39, 1, 4: baculo, Front. Strat. 1, 1, 3: quo saepius (magister) monuerit, hoc rarius castigabit, Quint. 2, 2, 5: laudat Pompeius … segniores castigat atque incitat, Caes. B. C. 1, 3; so opp. laudare, Liv. 27, 8, 18; Tac. Agr. 21: castigando increpandoque plus quam leniter agendo, proficere, Liv. 27, 9, 8: servos exuviis bubulis, Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 26: aliquem dictis plurumis, id. Bacch. 4, 8, 67; Verg. A. 5, 387: verbis, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 88; Liv. 36, 20, 4: litteris, Caes. B. C. 3, 25: per litteras, Tac. A. 3, 35: leniter, Liv. 30, 15, 10; 36, 31, 8: vehementissime, Petr. 109, 1: in hoc me ipse castigo quod, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 1, 4: segnitiem hominum atque inertiam, id. de Or. 1, 41, 184; Liv. 31, 6, 5: nimiam lenitatem, id. 39, 55, 1: moras, Verg. A. 4, 407: dolos, id. ib. 6, 567: vitia, Juv. 2, 35; Vulg. Psa. 117, 18; id. Heb. 12, 6 al.
  2. II. Esp.
    1. A. To correct some error, to set right, mend (poet. or in post-Aug. prose) ( = corrigere, emendare): carmen, *Hor. A. P. 294: amicae verba, Juv. 6, 455: examen improbum in trutină, Pers. 1, 6: vitia sua, Plin. Pan. 46, 6.
    2. B. To hold in check, to restrain; lit. and trop. (rare for the more usu. coërcere, cohibere, etc.): quid illum credis facturum, nisi eum … servas, castigas, mones? Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 31: equum tenacem, non parentem frenis asperioribus castigare, Liv. 39, 25, 13; Tac. A. 6, 13: castigatus animi dolor, Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50: risum crebris potiunculis, Petr. 47, 7: lapsus, Stat. Th. 6, 700; cf. under P. a.
      Hence,
        1. b. Of relations of space, to enclose, surround, encompass, confine, shut in: insula castigatur aquis, Sil. 12, 355.
          Hence, castīgātus, a, um, P. a. (poet. or in post-Aug. prose), confined, compressed; hence,
      1. 1. As a designation of physical beauty, small, slender, close: pectus, Ov. Am. 1, 5, 21: frons, Stat. S. 2, 1, 43.
      2. 2. Trop., restrained, checked: luxuria tanto castigatior, quanto posset esse liberior, Aug. Civ. Dei, 5, 24: castigatissima disciplina, the strictest, Gell. 4, 20, 1 Hertz (Cod. Reg. castissima).
        Adv.: castīgātē.
        1. a. (Acc. to castigatus, 1.) Compressedly, briefly: castigatius, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 6: castigatius eloqui, Aug. Doctr. Christ. 4, 14.
        2. b. (Acc. to 2.) Restrainedly, within bounds: vixit modeste, castigate, etc., Sen. Contr. 6, 8: vivere, Amm. 22, 3, 12.