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cătē, adv., v. catus fin.

1. cătus, a, um, adj. [root ka-; Sanscr. ça-, to whet, sharpen; cf. cos, cautes, cuneus; Sabine, = acutus, acc. to Varr. L. L. 7, § 46, p. 90 Bip.].

  1. * I. Sharp to the hearing, clear-sounding, shrill (cf. acutus, 2.): jam cata signa fere sonitum dare voce parabant, Enn. ap. Varr. l. l. (Ann. 447 Vahl.).
  2. II. Transf. to intellectual objects, in a good and bad sense.
    1. A. In a good sense, clear-sighted, intelligent, sagacious, wise, opp. stultus (in prose probably never naturalized; hence Cic., in prose, adds ut ita dicam; v. the foll.): catus Aelius Sextus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18 (Ann. v. 335 Vahl.); Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 29; id. Ps. 2, 3, 15; Ter. And. 5, 2, 14 Don. and Ruhnk.; Hor. C. 1, 10, 3: prudens et, ut ita dicam, catus, Cic. Leg. 1, 16, 45.
      Constr. with inf.: jaculari, Hor. C. 3, 12, 10.
      With gen.: legum, Aus. Mos. 400.
      Of abstract things: dicta, Enn. Ann. 519 Vahl.: consilium, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 75.
    2. B. In a bad sense, sly, crafty, cunning, artful ( = callidus, astutus): cata est et callida, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 71; so id. Poen. 5, 2, 147; id. Most. 5, 2, 21; id. Trin. 3, 2, 51; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 39.
      Adv.: cătē, conform. to II. A.: sapienter, docte et cordate et cate, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 3; id. Men. 2, 3, 61; Cic. Arat. 304.
      Comp. and sup. not in use in the adj. or in the adv.

† cătēchēsis, is, f., = κατήχησις; in eccl. Lat., religious instruction, Hier. Ep. 61, 4.

† cătēchismus, i, m., = κατηχισμός, a book of elementary Christian instruction, a catechism, Aug. de Fide et Oper. 13.

cătēchīzo (-isso), āre, v. a., = κατηχιζω, to instruct in religion, to catechise, Tert. Cor. Mil. 11; id. adv. Marc. 4, 29; id. Idol. 10.

† cătēchista, ae, m., = κατηχιστής, a religious teacher, catechist, Hier. Ep. 50, 1.

† cătēchūmĕnus, i, m., and -a, ae, f., = κατηχούμενος, η, one who is receiving elementary instruction in religion, a catechumen, Tert. Praescr. 41 et saep.
In fem., Aug. Ep. ad Euseb. 169; Ambros. Ep. 34.

† cătēgŏrĭa, ae, f., = κατηγορία (postclass.).

  1. I. An accusation, Hier. Ep. 82, 9; Macr. S. 7, 3 (where others write it as a Greek word).
  2. II. In logic, a predicament, category or class of predicables (pure Lat. praedicamenta): Aristotelicae, Isid. Orig. 2, 26, 1; Sid. Ep. 4, 1: Aristotelica quaedam, quas appellat decem categorias, Aug. Conf. 4, 16; Serg. Expl. in Art. Don. p. 487, 25 Keil.

† cătēgŏrĭcus, a, um, adj., = κατηγορικός, relating to a category, categorical, Sid. Ep. 9, 9; Cassiod. de Dial. p. 513, A.

†† cătēia, ae, f. [Celt. or Germ.], a kind of spear, probably barbed, Verg. A. 7, 741; Sil. 3, 277; Val. Fl. 6, 83; Gell. 10, 25, 2; cf. Serv. ad Verg. l. l.; Isid. Orig. 18, 7, 7.

Cătălauni and Cătĕlauni, ōrum, m., a tribe in Gallia Belgica, near the mod. Chālons-sur-Marne, Eutr. 9, 13; Amm. 15, 11, 10.
Hence, Cătălaunĭcus, a, um, adj., of or at Catalauni: clades, Eum. Pan. Const. 4.

1. cătella, ae, f., v. 1. catellus.

2. cătella, v. 2. catellus.

1. cătellus, i, m., and cătella, ae, f. dim. [catulus, canis], a little dog, puppy, whelp.

      1. a. Masc., Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 40; Varr. ap. Non. p. 94, 24; Cic. Div. 1, 46, 103 Orell. N. cr.; Val. Max. 1, 5, 3; Mart. 1, 84; Juv. 6, 551; 9, 61; and as a term of endearment, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 103; Hor. S. 2, 3, 259.
      2. b. Fem., Mart. 3, 82, 19; Juv. 6, 654; and as a term of endearment: mi catella, Hier. Ep. 22, 29.

2. cătellus, i, m., and far more freq. cătella (once not contr. cătēnŭla, Paul. Nol. 26, 462), ae, f. dim. [catena; cf. Prisc. p. 556 P.], a small chain.

      1. a. Masc., in a play on the meaning of 1. catellus, Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 13.
      2. b. Fem., Cato, R. R. 135, 1; Caecil. ap. Non. p. 199, 10; Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 55; Liv. 39, 31, 19: vaginae catellis crepitant, Plin. 33, 12, 54, § 152; cf. Isid. Orig. 19, 31, 15, and Fest. p. 273, 12 Müll.

‡ cătellŭlus, dim. from catellus, acc. to Diom. p. 313 P.

cătēna, ae, f. (once with num. distrib. as piur. tantum: trinis catenis vinctus, Caes. B. G. 1, 53) [Sanscr. kat, to fall away; cf. catax].

  1. I. A wooden bracket, brace, etc., for holding two beams together, Cato, R. R. 18, 9; Vitr. 7, 3; Pall. 1, 3, 1.
  2. II. A chain,
    1. A. Used as a fetter, shackle, etc.; usu. in plur. (syn. vincula): catenis vincire aliquem, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 3; Ov. M. 15, 601 al.: catenas indere alicui, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 3: in catenas conicere aliquem, Caes. B. G. 1, 47; Liv. 29, 21, 2: catenas inicere alicui, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 106: in catenis aliquem Romam mittere, Liv. 29, 21, 12: in catenis aliquem per urbem ducere, id. 45, 40, 6: eximere se ex catenis, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 8: rumpere catenas, Hor. S. 2, 7, 71: catenas alicui exsolvere, Tac. H. 3, 31 al.
      In sing., Liv. 24, 34, 10; Cat. 64, 297; Verg. A. 6, 558; Hor. S. 1, 5, 65; Curt. 4, 3, 22; 7, 5, 36; Tac. A. 4, 28; 6, 14; Suet. Aug. 94; Sen. Ep. 9, 8; Plin. 34, 15, 43, § 150.
      1. 2. Of a chain stopping the entrance of a harbor: catena ferrea valde robusta, Amm. 26, 8, 8.
      2. 3. Trop., a constraint, fetter, barrier, bond: taetra belua, constricta legum sacratarum catenis, Cic. Sest. 7, 16: compesce animum frenis, catenā, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 63: validā teneamur catenā, Tib. 4, 5, 15; 4, 1, 117: splendidiore nunc eos catenā sed multo graviore vinctos esse, quam cum, etc., Liv. 35, 38, 10: qui ad superiora progressus est.. laxam catenam trahit nondum liber, Sen. Vit. Beat. 16, 3; id. Tranq. 10, 3.
    2. B. A chain of gold or silver worn by women as an ornament, Plin. 33, 3, 12, § 40; Paul. Sent. 3, 6, 84.
    3. C. A series of things connected together, a chain, series, Lucr. 6, 910 (but id. 2, 630, is a false reading for quod armis; v. Lachm.).
    4. D. Trop.: (praecepta oratoria) in catenas ligare, Quint. 5, 14, 32.

cătēnārĭus, a, um, adj. [catena], of or pertaining to a chain: canis, a dog fastened by a chain, Sen. Ira, 3, 37, 2; Petr. 72, 7.

cătēnātĭo, ōnis, f [cateno; lit. a binding; hence, abstr pro concr.], a band, clamp, clincher, pin, Vitr. 2, 9; 10, 1; Petr. 34, 9.

cătēno, ātus, 1, v. a. [catena], to chain or bind together (prob. not ante-Aug.), Col. 6, 19, 2 Schneid. N. cr.; Ven. Carm. 2, 14; cf.: cateno, πεδέω, Gloss. Vet.
More freq. in part. perf.: cătēnātus, a, um, bound with a chain, chained, fettered: Britannus, *Hor. Epod. 7, 8: janitor, Ov. Am. 1, 6, 1; Col. 1, praef. § 10; Quint. 8, 3, 69; Suet. Aug. 13; id. Tib. 64 al.: equorum linguae, Stat. Th. 4, 731.
Poet.: palaestrae (on account of their twining their limbs around one another), intertwined, Stat. S. 2, 1.

      1. b. Trop.: versus ex pluribus syllabis catenatos, connected, Quint. 1, 1, 37: labores, continued, unremitting, Mart. 1, 16.

cătēnŭla, ae. f., v. 2. catellus.

căterva, ae, f., a crowd, troop, a band of men; in the sing. and plur. (class. in prose and poet.; syn.: turba, manus, agmen).

  1. I. In gen.: comitum, Lucr. 2, 628; cf. id. 2, 611; Verg. A. 1, 497; 11, 533; Ov. M. 12, 216: Postumius obviam cum bene magnā catervā suā venit, Cic. Mur. 33, 69; so id. de Or. 1, 40, 184; cf. Sall. C. 14, 1: catervae testium, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 113: contra dicentium, id. Tusc. 1, 31, 77: pugilum, Suet. Calig. 18: infernae, Tib. 1, 2, 47 al.
    Poet., of animals: pecudum, Lucr. 6, 1092: avium, flocks, Verg. A. 11, 456: canum, App. M. 4, p. 151, 26: anguinea, Tib. 3, 4, 87.
    1. B. Trop.: verborum. a farrago of words, Gell. 15, 2, 3.
  2. II. Esp.
    1. A. In milit. lang. freq., a body of soldiers, a troop, company, band; esp. of the loose order of barbarian nations (opp. to the Roman legions); cf. Veg. Mil. 2, 2; Isid. Orig. 9, 3, 46; so Nep. Chabr. 1, 2; Tac. A. 1, 56; 2, 17; 2, 45; 12, 33; Tib. 1, 2, 67; Verg. A. 8, 593; 12, 264; Hor. C. 1, 8, 16 al.
      Of foot-soldiers (opp. equites), Verg. A. 7, 804; 11, 433; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 190.
      Rare of Roman troops, Petr. poët. 124, 281; or of cavalry, Sen. Agam. 598.
    2. B. In dramatic lang., the whole company or troop of actors (usu. called grex). Plaut. Capt. fin.; and perh. also id. Cas. fin.; cf. Cic. de. Or 3, 50, 196; id. Sest. 55. 118.

cătervārĭus, a, um, adj. [caterva], of or pertaining to a crowd or troop: pugiles, fighting in bands, Suet. Aug. 45 (cf.: catervae pugilum, id. Calig. 18); Inscr. Orell. 2530.

cătervātim, adv. [caterva], in companies, in troops, Lucr. 6, 1144; Verg. G. 3, 556; Sall. J. 97, 4; Liv. 23, 27, 5; 44, 41, 8; Col. 3, 19, 3; Plin. 10, 24, 35, § 72.