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dēclīnābĭlis, e, adj. [declino], that can be (grammatically) inflected, Prisc. p. 670 P.
dēclīnātĭo, ōnis, f. [declino], a bending from a thing, a bending aside; an oblique inclination or direction (good prose).
- I. Lit.: lanceam exigua corporis declinatione vitare, Curt. 9, 7 fin.; cf.: quot ego tuas petitiones parva quadam declinatione effugi, Cic. Cat. 1, 6, 15: declinare dixit (Epicurus) atomum perpaulum, et ipsa declinatio ad libidinem fingitur, etc., id. Fin. 1, 6, 19; so of the oblique motion of atoms, id. Fat. 10, 22; 22, 47.
- B. Like the Gr. κλίμα, the supposed slope of the earth towards the poles, a region of the earth or sky, a climate: declinatio mundi, Col. 1 prooem. § 22; so, mundi, id. 3, 1, 3; cf.: positio caeli et declinatio, id. 1, 6, 18; so correspond. with regio caeli, Col. 4, 24, 2; cf. also caeli, the altitude of the pole, Vitr. 9, 7, 1.
- II. Trop.
- A. In gen., a turning away from any thing; an avoiding, avoidance: ut bona natura appetimus, sic a malis natura declinamus; quae declinatio, si cum ratione fiet, cautio appelletur, Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 13; cf. so opp. appetitio, id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; and in plur. Gell. 14, 1, 23: laboris, periculi, Cic. Clu. 53 fin.
- B. t. t.
- 1. Of rhetor. lang., a short digression: declinatio brevis a proposito, non ut superior illa digressio, Cic. de Or. 3, 53 fin.; id. Part. 15; cf. Quint. 9, 1, 32 and 34.
- 2. Of gramm. lang.: variation, inflection.
- (α) In the older grammarians, every change of form which a word undergoes; as declension, strictly so called, conjugation, comparison, derivation, etc., Varr. L. L. 8, § 2 sq.; 10, § 11 sq.; Cic. de Or. 3, 54; cf. also of declension in its stricter sense, Quint. 1, 4, 29; 1, 5, 63; of conjugation, id. 1, 4, 13; of derivation, id. 8, 3, 32; 2, 15, 4.
- (β) Among the later grammarians, of declension, properly so called, as distinguished from conjugatio, comparatio, derivatio, etc. So, Donatus: in declinatione compositivorum nominum, p. 174 P. (p. 13 Lind.).
dēclīnātus, ūs, m. [declino], variation, inflection of words (cf. the prec. art. II. B. 2), Varr. L. L. 9, § 34; 51; 53. But in Cic. Fin. 5, 7, 17, the best reading is: declinatum dolorem, v. Madvig ad h. l.).
dēclīnis, e, adj. [declino], turning aside (perh. only in the two foll. places): declinia juga, Stat. Th. 5, 297 (quae declinarent et fugerent, Schol.). So of the retreating motion of the sea in ebb and flood: undae, ebbing, Luc. 4, 427 dub. (al. declivibus).
dē-clīno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [CLINO = κλίνω], orig. to bend from the straight path; to turn aside or away (freq. and class.).
- I. Lit.
- a. Act.: ego modo declinavi paullum me extra viam, Plaut. Aul. 4, 8, 11; cf.: sese rectā regione viai, Lucr. 2, 250; and: se a terris omnia numina, Poët. ap. Suet. Aug. 70: lumina, Catull. 64, 91: agmen, Liv. 1, 28; 36, 23: nares in alteram partem, Cels. 8, 5.
Poet. of the eyes, to bend down, i. e. to lower, close them in sleep: nec dulci declinat lumina somno, * Verg. A. 4, 185.
- b. Neutr.: paulum ad dexteram de via declinavi, ut ad Pericli sepulcrum accederem, Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 5; id. Att. 14, 17, 2; Liv. 38, 20, 8.
So of the oblique motion of atoms (corresp. with oblique ferri): si omnes atomi declinabunt, nullae umquam cohaerescent; sive aliae declinabunt, aliae suo nutu recte ferentur, etc., Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 19 sq.; cf. id. Fat. 9, 18 (preceded by cur Epicurus atomos de via deducat): quae nova causa in natura est, qua declinet atomus? 20, 46 (the reading quae declinet atomum is wrong), id. N. D. 1, 25.
- II. Trop.
- A. In gen.
- a. Act., to turn aside: neque (mulierem) declinatam quicquam ab aliarum ingenio ullam reperias, who has departed, deviated, * Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 3; cf.: quaedam verborum flgurae paulum figuris sententiarum declinantur, Quint. 9, 3, 88; id. 10, 3, 33: neque spe, neque metu declinatus animus, id. 12, 1, 16: Cato literas Graecas aetate jam declinata didicit, in the decline of life, id. 12, 11, 23.
- b. Neutr., to turn aside, deviate, turn away: de via, Cic. Lael. 17; cf.: de statu suo, id. Clu. 38, 106: a religione officii, id. Verr. 2, 3, 1: a malis (opp. appetere bona), id. Tusc. 4, 6, 13: a parvis delictis diligentius, id. Off. 1, 40 fin.: aliquantulum a proposito, id. Or. 40, 138: a recto itinere (oratio), Quint. 4, 3, 14 al.: gemma paulum declinans a topazio in aurum, passing, Plin. 37, 8, 34, § 113: ut eo revocetur unde huc declinavit oratio, digressed, Cic. de Or. 2, 38; cf. id. Leg. 1, 21 fin.: quantum in Italiam declinaverat belli, Liv. 28, 1: in asperam Pholoen, Hor. Od. 1, 33, 7: in pejus, Quint. 10, 2, 16: ad discendum jus, Quint. 12, 3, 9; cf. id. 7, 2, 30.
Absol.: declinasse me paululum et praesentes fluctus fugisse, Cic. Sest. 34: paulatim amor, decreases, Ov. M. 9, 460: dies coeperat declinare, Vulg. Luc. 9, 12.
- B. In partic. grammat. t. t., to vary, inflect a part of speech.
- 1. In the older grammarians, of every kind of inflection (declension, conjugation, comparison, derivation, etc.), Varr. L. L. 8, § 2 sq.; 10, § 11 sq.; cf. also Quint. 1, 4, 22; 1, 5, 63 al.
- 2. In the later grammarians, to decline, in the strict sense, Charis, p. 8 sq. et al.
- C. Transf., with an object denoting that from which one turns aside; to avoid, to shun (classical, most freq. in Cic.); nec satis recte (oratio) declinat impetum, nisi etiam in cedendo quid deceat intellegit, Cic. Or. 68, 228; cf., corresp. with vitare, id. Att. 8, 11, D. fin.; and: ictum, Liv. 42, 63, 4: urbem, Cic. Planc. 41: laqueos judicii, id. Mil. 15, 40: appetuntur quae secundum naturam sunt, declinantur contraria, id. N. D. 3, 13, 33: vitia, id. Off. 1, 6, 19: ea quae nocitura videantur, id. ib. 1, 4; cf. Tac. A. 13, 4: invidiam, id. H. 4, 41 fin.; Suet. Caes. 4: impudicitiam uxoris, Tac. A. 6, 51: oppida ut busta, Amm. 16, 2, 12.