No entries found. Showing closest matches:
fīnālis, e, adj. [finis] (post-class.).
- I. Of or relating to boundaries: quaestiones, Dig. 10, 1, 11; 47, 21, 3; Sid. Ep. 8, 14.
- II. Of or relating to the end, final: horizon, id est finalis circulus, Macr. Somn. Scip. 2, 5: beatitudo, Aug. Civ. D. 19, 4 fin.: causa, Don. Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 18.
Adv.: fī-nālĭter, at last, to the very end (late Lat.). Cassiod. Amic. 19, 3; Ven. Fort. Vit. Mauteil. 25.
fīnālĭtas, ātis, f. [finalis], the being last, Serv. Verg. A. 1, 120; Eutych. Disc. Conj. proem. 2143 P.
findo, fĭdi, fissum, 3, v. a. [root Sanscr. bhid-, to cleave; Germ. beissen; Engl. bite], to cleave, split, part, separate, divide (class.; cf.: scindo, seco, caedo).
- I. Lit.: hoc enim quasi rostro finditur Fibrenus et divisus aequaliter in duas partes latera haec alluit, Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6; cf.: inimicam findite rostris Hanc terram, Verg. A. 10, 295: patrios findere sarculo agros, Hor. C. 1, 1, 11: terras vomere, Ov. A. A. 2, 671: mare carinā, Prop. 3, 9 (4, 8), 35: Assaraci tellus, quam … Findunt Scamandri flumina, Hor. Epod. 13, 14: hiulca siti findit Canis aestifer arva, Verg. G. 2, 353; cf.: arentes cum findit Sirius agros, Tib. 1, 7, 21: rubra Canicula findet Statuas, Hor. S. 2, 5, 39: os, Cels. 8, 4 med.; cf. id. 8, 3 fin.: specularis lapis finditur in quamlibet tenues crustas, Plin. 36, 22, 45, § 160; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 21: hic locus est, partes ubi se via findit in ambas, Verg. A. 6, 540; id. G. 2, 78; Ov. M. 4, 65.
- b. In part. perf.: fissa ferarum ungula, Lucr. 4, 680: ungulae equi, Suet. Caes. 61: lingua in partes duas, Ov. M. 4, 585: lignum, Verg. A. 9, 413: ferulae, Cels. 8, 10; cf. id. 8, 3 fin.
- B. Mid., to split, burst (poet. and very rare): turgescit bilis: findor, I am ready to burst with rage, Pers. 3, 8: cor meum et cerebrum finditur, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 4, 17: Marsis finduntur cantibus angues, Ov. Med. fac. 39.
- II. Trop., to divide (poet. and very seldom): Idus sunt agendae, Qui dies mensem Veneris marinae Findit Aprilem, Hor. C. 4, 11, 16: fissa voluntas, Prud. Psych. 760.
Hence, fissum, i, n., a cleft, slit, fissure.
- A. In gen. (very rare): postquam implevisti fusti fissorum caput, Plaut. Aul. 3, 4, 7: ad ani fissa, Cels. 5, 20, 5.
- B. Esp., in the lang. of augurs, of the divided liver: jecorum, Cic. Div. 1, 52, 118; cf.: fissum in exitis, id. ib. 1, 10, 16; jecoris, id. N. D. 3, 6, 14: familiare et vitale, id. Div. 2, 13, 32.
fingĭbĭlis, e, adj. [fingo], imaginary, seeming (late Lat.): prae oculis scintillarum fingibilis visus, Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4, 104.
fingo, finxi, fictum, 3, v. a. [Sanscr. dih-, dēhmi, smear; Gr. θιγ, θιγγάνω, touch; whence figulus, figura, etc.; prop., to handle].
- I. Lit.
- A. To touch, handle, stroke, touch gently (rare): mulcere alternos, et corpora fingere lingua, Verg. A. 8, 634: saepe manus aegras manibus fingebat amicis, Ov. F. 5, 409.
- B. Esp., to form, shape, fashion, frame, make (class.), whence also figulus: esse aliquam vim, quae finxerit, vel, ut tuo verbo utar, quae fabricata sit hominem, Cic. Ac. 2, 27, 87; cf.: ab aliquo deo ficti esse videantur, id. de Or. 1, 25, 115: fingere et construere nidos, build, id. ib. 2, 6, 23: favos, id. Off. 1, 44, 157: ut illa bestia fetum ederet informem, lambendo postgea fingeret, etc., Gell. 17, 10, 3.
- C. In partic.
- 1. Of the plastic art, to form or fashion by art (in wax, clay, stone, etc.), to mould or model, as a statuary: quorum alterum fingere opinor e cera solitum esse, alterum esse pictorem, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 13, § 30; cf.: in ceris aut fictilibus figuris, id. N. D. 1, 26, 71: similitudines ex argilla, Plin. 35, 12, 43, § 151; cf., sarcastically: hic homullus, ex argilla et luto fictus Epicurus, Cic. Pis. 25, 59: pocula de humo, Ov. Tr. 2, 489: Alexander ab Apelle potissimum pingi et a Lysippo fingi volebat … qui neque pictam neque fictam imaginem suam passus est esse, etc., Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 7; cf.: fingendi ars, of making statues, statuary, id. de Or. 3, 7, 26: corpora fingendo pingendove efficere, Quint. 5, 12, 21.
- 2. With the access. notion of arranging, adorning, etc., to set to rights, arrange; to adorn, dress, trim (poet. syn.: componere, excolere, ornare): Bene cum lauta est (mulier), tersa, ornata, ficta est: infecta est tamen, Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 4: cum se non finxerit ulli, Ov. R. Am. 341: isti ficti, compositi, crispi cincinni, Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 32; cf.: canas fingere comas, Tib. 1, 2, 92: comas presso pollice, Prop. 3, 10 (4, 9), 14; Ov. A. A. 1, 306; Mart. 6, 57; cf.: comas auro, Stat. Th. 5, 228: crinem, Verg. A. 4, 148; cf. also Phaedr. 2, 2, 9: vitem putando, Verg. G. 2, 407 Forbig.
- 3. With the access. notion of untruth, to alter, change, for the purpose of dissembling: hi neque vultum fingere, neque interdum lacrimas tenere poterant, Caes. B. G. 1, 39, 4; cf.: vultus quoque hominum fingit scelus, i. e. makes men change countenance, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 14.
- II. Trop.
- A. In gen., to form, fashion, make: Ly. multa eveniunt homini quae volt, quae nevolt. Ph. Mentire, gnate, nam sapiens quidem pol ipsus fingit fortunam sibi, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 84; cf. the vv. foll.: natura fingit homines et creat imitatores et narratores facetos, Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 219: animos fingere, formare, id. Brut. 38, 142: cf.: moderari et fingere mentem ac voluntates, id. Leg. 3, 18, 40: ea quae nobis non possumus fingere, vultus, facies, sonus, id. de Or. 1, 28, 127: formam totius rei publicae velim mittas, ex qua me fingere possim, regulate myself, i. e. proceed, act, id. Att. 6, 3, 4; cf.: ad eorum (qui audiunt) arbitrium et nutum totos se fingunt et accommodant, id. Or. 8, 24: ea (verba) nos sicut mollissimam ceram ad nostrum arbitrium formamus et fingimus, id. de Or. 3, 45, 177; cf. also: arbitrio fingere, id. Brut. 79, 274: fortuna humana fingit artatque ut lubet, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 54; cf.: vitam subito flecti fingique posse, shaped, directed, Cic. Sull. 28, 79; cf. id. ib. 25, 69: jure erat semper idem voltus, cum mentis, a qua is fingitur, nulla fieret mutatio, id. Tusc. 3, 15, 31; cf.: circumspexit amictus et finxit vultum, composed, Ov. M. 4, 318: lingua vocem immoderate profusam fingit et terminat, forms, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149; cf.: Peripateticorum institutis commodius fingeretur oratio, id. Brut. 31, 119: ego apis Matinae more modoque operosa parvus carmina fingo (like the Gr. πλάττω), make, compose, Hor. C. 4, 2, 32: carmina, id. Ep. 2, 1, 227; id. A. P. 331; 240: versus, id. ib. 382: poëmata, Suet. Tit. 3: opprobria in quemvis, Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 30.
- B. In partic.
- 1. With a double predicate, to form, make into something or in a certain manner: finxit te ipsa natura ad honestatem, gravitatem … ad omnes denique virtutes magnum hominem et excelsum, Cic. Mur. 29, 60: nec, si miserum fortuna Sinonem Finxit, vanum etiam mendacemque improba finget, Verg. A. 2, 79: (illum) spissae nemorum comae Fingent Aeolio carmine nobilem, Hor. C. 4, 3, 12: di bene fecerunt, inopis me quodque pusilli Finxerunt animi, id. S. 1, 4, 18: timui, mea me finxisse minora putarer Dissimulator opis propriae, to have lessened, i. e. purposely disparaged it, id. Ep. 1, 9, 8.
- 2. To form by instruction, to instruct, teach, train: idem mire finxit filium, i. e. caused him to play his part, Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 25; cf.: voce paterna Fingeris ad rectum, Hor. A. P. 367: fingitur artibus, id. C. 3, 6, 22: fingit equum tenera docilem cervice magister Ire viam, qua monstret eques, id. Ep. 1, 2, 64.
- 3. To form mentally or in speech, to represent in thought, to imagine, conceive, think, suppose; to sketch out: fingite animis … fingite cogitatione imaginem hujus condicionis meae, etc., Cic. Mil. 29, 79; cf.: omnia quae cogitatione nobismet ipsi possumus fingere, id. N. D. 3, 18, 47: fingere animo, id. de Sen. 12, 41: cf. also: animo et cogitatione, id. Tusc. 5, 24, 68: ex sua natura ceteros, to conceive of, id. Rosc. Am. 9, 26: quid magis exercitum dici aut fingi potest? id. Mil. 2, 5: maleficium, id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116: tu, stulta, deos, tu fingis inania vera, Prop. 3, 20 (4, 19), 5: qui utilitatum causa fingunt amicitias, suppose, Cic. Lael. 14, 51: principatum sibi ipse opinionis errore finxerat, had imagined to himself, id. Off. 1, 8, 26: in summo oratore fingendo, in representing, sketching out, id. Or. 2, 7: finge tamen te improbulum, Juv. 5, 72.
- (β) With double acc.: quod si qui me astutiorem fingit, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6: Tiresiam sapientem fingunt poetae … at vero Polyphemum Homerus immanem finxit, id. Tusc. 5, 39, 115.
- (γ) With an object-clause, and in pass., with a subject-clause: finge, aliquem nunc fierisapientem, nondum esse, suppose, Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 117: finge solum natum nothum, Quint. 3, 6, 100.
Ellipt.: interfecti aliqui sunt; finge a nobis, assume, grant, Liv. 39, 37, 11: fingamus Alexandrum dari nobis, Quint. 1, 1, 24: non omnia corpora fingunt in medium niti, Lucr. 1, 1083; cf. id. 2, 175: qui naufragus fingitur se suspendisse, Quint. 8, 5, 22: qui suos artus morsu lacerasset, fingitur in scholis supra se cubasse, id. 8, 2, 20.
- b. Pregn., with the access. notion of creating by thinking, to contrive, devise, invent, feign something (esp. untrue): argento comparando fingere fallaciam, Plaut. As. 2, 1, 2; 4: fallacias, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 22: fallaciam, id. And. 1, 3, 15; cf.: nonne ad senem aliquam fabricam fingit? id. Heaut. 3, 2, 34: fingit causas, ne det, sedulo, id. Eun. 1, 2, 58: falsas causas ad discordiam, id. Hec. 4, 4, 71: si mihi aliquam (rem publicam), ut apud Platonem Socrates, ipse finxero, Cic. Rep. 2, 1 fin.; cf. id. ib. 2, 11: ex eventis fingere, id. Fam. 6, 6, 4: (crimina) in istum fingere, id. Verr. 1, 5, 15: ea quae sunt in usu vitaque communi, non ea, quae finguntur aut optantur, id. Lael. 5, 18: in faciem moresque meos nova crimina fingis, Ov. H. 12, 177: fingere qui non visa potest, commissa tacere Qui nequit, Hor. S. 1, 4, 84: quaelibet in quemvis opprobria fingere, id. Ep. 1, 15, 30: finguntur et testamenta, Quint. 7, 4, 39: nemo dolorem fingit in hoc casu, Juv. 13, 132: qui sub obtentu monituum deorum scientes eos fingunt, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 15, 2, 6.
With double acc.: bonois se ac liberales, Sen. Ben. 4, 17, 3.
With inf.: ignorare fingit, Claud. in Eutrop. 2, 306.
Hence, fic-tus, a, um, P. a., feigned, fictitious, false: in amicitia nihil fictum est, nihil simulatum, Cic. Lael. 8, 26; cf. id. ib. 18, 65: ficto officio et simulata sedultiate conjunctus, id. Caecin. 5, 14: in re ficta (opp. in vera), id. Lael. 7, 24: falsum est id totum neque solum fictum, sed etiam imperite absurdeque fictum, id. Rep. 2, 15: commenticii et ficti dii, id. N. D. 2, 28, 70: fabula, id. Off. 3, 9, 39: in rebus fictis et adumbratis, id. Lael. 26, 97: amor, Lucr. 4, 1192: gemitus, Ov. M. 6, 565: cunctatio, Tac. A. 1, 46: ficto pectore fatur, Verg. A. 2, 107.
Poet. and in post-Aug. prose also, of persons: pro bene sano Ac non incauto fictum astutumque vocamus, dissembling, false, Hor. S. 1, 3, 62: alii fictum (eum), ingratum, immemorem loquuntur, Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 3; but: ficta pellice plorat, imaginary, Juv. 6, 272.
Poet., subst.: fictum, i, n., deception, fiction: ficti pravique tenax, Verg. A. 4, 188: jam consumpserat omnem Materiam ficti, Ov. M. 9, 767.
Adverb.: fictumque in colla minatus, Crura subit, Stat. Th. 6, 876.
Adv.: ficte, feignedly, fictitiously: ficte et simulate quaestus causa insusurrare, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 13: ficte reconciliata gratia, id. Fam. 3, 12, 4.
fīnĭens, entis, v. finio, I. B.
fīnĭo, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4, v. a. [finis], to limit, bound, enclose within boundaries (class.).
- I. Lit.
- A. In gen.: populi Romani imperium Rhenum finire, Caes. B. G. 4, 16, 4: quo (jugo) Cappadocia finitur ab Armenia, Auct. B. Alex. 35, 5: Tmolus Sardibus hinc, illinc parvis finitur Hypaepis, Ov. M. 11, 152; Vell. 2, 126, 3: rem res finire videtur (followed by terminare), Lucr. 1, 998: riparum clausas margine finit aquas, Ov. F. 2, 222: signum animo, Liv. 1, 18, 8: in ore sita lingua est, finita dentibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149.
- B. In partic.: finiens orbis or circulus, the horizon: illi orbes, qui aspectum nostrum definiunt, qui a Graecis ὁρίζοντες nominantur, a nobis finientes rectissime nominari possunt, Cic. Div. 2, 44, 92: circulus, Sen. Q. N. 5, 17, 2.
- II. Trop.
- A. To set bounds to, restrain, check: equidem illud ipsum non nimium probo, philosophum loqui de cupiditatibus finiendis: an potest cupiditas finiri? Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 27; cf.: cupiditates satietate, id. ib. 2, 20, 64: deliberativas miror a quibusdam sola utilitate finitas, Quint. 3, 8, 1.
- B. For definio, to prescribe, determine, fix, appoint, assign: sepulcris novis finivit modum, Cic. Leg, 2, 26, 66: AD EAM REM RATIONE CVRSVS ANNVOS SACERDOTES FINIVNTO, id. ib. 2, 8, 20: spatia omnis temporis numero noctium, Caes. B. G. 6, 18, 2; cf.: Hercyniae silvae latitudo novem dierum iter patet; non enim aliter finiri potest, i. e. its extent cannot be described more accurately, id. ib. 6, 25, 1; so too is to be explained the disputed passage: hoc autem sphaerae genus, in quo solis et lunae motus inessent … in illa sphaera solida non potuisse finiri, this sort of (movable) celestial globe … could not be defined, marked out, on that solid globe (of Thales), Cic. Rep. 1, 14: locum, in quo dimicaturi essent, Liv. 42, 47, 5: ut si finias equum, genus est animal, species mortale, etc., Quint. 7, 3, 3; cf.: rhetorice finitur varie, id. 2, 15, 1: sit nobis orator is, qui a M. Catone finitur, id. 12, 1, 1; 12, 3, 40.
Pass. impers.: de pecunia finitur, Ne major causa ludorum consumeretur quam, etc., Liv. 40, 44, 10.
- C. To put an end to, to finish, terminate: bellum, Caes. B. C. 3, 51, 3; Curt. 3, 1, 9; Tac. A. 15, 17; Just. 16, 2, 8; Vell. 2, 17, 1: prandia nigris moris, Hor. S. 2, 4, 23: graves labores morte, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115 (transl. from Eurip. πόνων πεπαυμένον): dolores morte, id. Fin. 1, 15, 49: tristitiam vitaeque labores molli mero, Hor. C. 1, 7, 17: labores, id. ib. 3, 4, 39; id. S. 1, 1, 93: dolores, id. ib. 2, 3, 263: studia, id. Ep. 2, 2, 104: amores, id. C. 1, 19, 4: sitim, id. Ep. 2, 2, 146: honores aequo animo, Vell. 2, 33, 3: vitam mihi ense, Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 49: vitam voluntariā morte, inediā, etc., Plin. 6, 19, 22, § 66; 8, 42, 64, § 157; so very rarely of a natural death: Valerianus in illo dedecore vitam finivit, Lact. Mort. Pers. 5, 6; cf. Tac. A. 1, 9; Sen. Ep. 66, 43: praecipitare te et finire, Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 3, 3: (Burrus) impedito meatu spiritum finiebat, Tac. A. 14, 51: animam, Ov. M. 7, 591: (distinctiones) interest sermonem finiant an sensum, Quint. 11, 3, 37; cf.: ut verbum acuto sono finiant, to pronounce with the accent on the last syllable, id. 1, 5, 25.
Pass., to come to an end, close, be ended, terminate: ut senten tiae verbis finiantur, end, close with verbs, Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191; cf.: nec solum componentur verba ratione, sed etiam finientur, id. Or. 49, 164: Latinum (verbum), quod o et n litteris finiretur, non reperiebant, Quint. 1, 5, 60; cf. id. 1, 6, 14.
- 2. In partic. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose), to come to an end, to cease.
- a. To finish speaking, draw to a close, end: finierat Paean, Ov. M. 1, 566; 13, 123; 14, 441; cf.: finiturus eram, sed, etc., id. A. A. 1, 755: ut semel finiam, Quint. 1, 12, 6; 8, 3, 55; cf.: denique, ut semel finiam, id. 9, 4, 138: 5, 13, 3; 11, 3, 59.
- b. To come to one’s end, to die: sic fuit utilius finiri ipsi, Cic. poët. Tusc. 1, 48, 115: sic Tiberius finivit octavo et septuagesimo aetatis anno, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin.; for which, in pass.: qui morbo finiuntur, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 2: Seleucus quoque iisdem ferme diebus finitur, Just. 27, 3, 12; cf.: finita Juliorum domo, become extinct, Tac. H. 1, 16.
Hence, fīnītus, a, um, P. a. In rhetor., of words, that terminate properly, well-rounded, rhythmical: et ipsi infracta et amputata loquuntur et eos vituperant, qui apta et finita pronuntiant, Cic. Or. 51, 170.
Sup.: finitissimus, Prisc. 1076 P.
Adv.: fīnītē.
- * 1. (Acc. to II. A.) To a certain extent, within limits: avarus erit, sed finite, Cic. Fin. 2, 9, 27.
- * 2. (Acc. to II. B.) Definitely, specifically: referri oportere ad senatum aut infinite de re publica, aut de singulis rebus finite, Gell. 14, 7, 9.
fīnis, is (abl. regularly fine; fini, Lucr. 1, 978; also fine, ib. 976; and adverb. fini, ea fini, qua fini, Cato, R. R. 21, 3; 28, 2; 154; Gell. 1, 3, 30; 7, 3, 29; Dig. 16, 2, 19), m. (f. mostly ante- and post-class. and poet., and only in sing., Att., Caecil., Varr., Sisenn. ap. Non. 205, 6 sq.; Lucr. 1, 107; 551; 555; 561 sq.; cf. Lachm. p. 43; Verg. A. 2, 554; 5, 328; 384; 12, 793 al.; rarely in class. prose, Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 55; id. Fam. 12, 1, 1; id. Att. 9, 10, 4; Liv. 4, 2, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.; 9, 26, 9; 22, 57, 5; Plin. 30, 10, 24, § 82; 33, 1, 1, § 3; 33, 6, 31, § 98 al.; plur. f. only Varr. L. L. 5, 1, 13; v. Neue, Formenl. 1, 703) [for fidnis, root bhid-, fid-, v. findo; for the suffix, cf.: pa-nis, ig-nis, etc.], a boundary, limit, border, = terminus, ὅρος.
- I. Lit.: accessit propius et jam ingrediens intra finem ejus loci, quem oleae terminabant, etc., Cic. Caecin. 8, 22: fere ad extremum finem provinciae Galliae, Liv. 40, 16, 5; cf. id. 33, 37, 6: Philaenōn arae, quem locum Aegyptum vorsus finem imperii habuere Carthaginienses, Sall. J. 19, 3: quem ad finem porrecta ac loca aperta pertinebant, cedentes (hostes) insequi, as far as, Caes. B. G. 2, 19, 5: quibus venientibus ad finem legatio Veientium obviam fuit, Liv. 4, 58, 1; cf.: nulla legatio ad finem praesto fuerat, id. 38, 15, 10; 10, 35, 1: haud procul Argivorum fine positis castris, id. 28, 5, 5; cf. id. 35, 27, 9 Drak.
In plur.: vicini nostri hic ambigunt de finibus, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 93: nec Mamilia lege singuli, sed ex his tres arbitri fines regemus, Cic. Leg. 1, 21, 55 (v. rego, I. B.): in finibus Lycaoniae, mihi litterae redditae sunt, id. Fam. 15, 1, 2: Q. Fabius Labeo arbiter Nolanis et Neapolitanis de finibus a senatu datus … fines terminare, id. Off. 1, 10, 33; cf.: SEX. ATILIVS INTER ATESTINOS ET VEICETINOS FINIS TERMINOSQVE STATVI IVSIT, Inscr. Orell. 3110: fines proferre, propagare, Cic. Rep. 3, 12; id. Mur. 9, 22: inter eos fines, quos feci, Liv. 1, 18, 9: atque hominum finem Gades Calpenque secutus, Sil. 1, 141.
- B. Transf.
- 1. In plur., borders, and hence territory, land, country enclosed within boundaries: propere de finibus suis exercitus deducerent, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 60: per agrum Sequanorum iter in Santonum fines facere, qui non longe a Tolosatium finibus absunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 10, 1; cf.: si suas copias Aedui in fines Bellovacorum introduxerint, id. ib. 2, 5, 3: civitatum fines incolere, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8: ego his finibus ejectus sum, quos, etc., Sall. J. 14, 8: neque flumen neque mons erat, qui fines eorum discerneret, id. ib. 79, 3: Multum interest, alienos populare fines an tuos uri exscindive videas, Liv. 28, 44, 2: veteres nullum animal sacrum in finibus suis esse patiebantur, sed abigebant ad fines deorum, quibus sacrum esset, where these gods were worshipped, Macr. S. 3, 7, 6.
- 2. Fine or fini alicujus rei, up to, as far as, a certain point (very rare): matresfamiliae de muro pectoris fine prominentes passis manibus obtestabantur Romanos, ut, etc., Caes. B. G. 7, 47, 5 Oud. N. cr. (al. pectore nudo); so, fine inguinum ingrediuntur mare, Sall. H. Fragm. 3, 38 Gerl. (in Arus. Mess. p. 231 ed. Lind.): fine genūs vestem ritu succincta Dianae, Ov. M. 10, 536: per mare umbilici fine ingressi, Auct. B. Afr. 85, 1: amphoras nolito implere nimium ansarum infimarum fini, Cato, R. R. 113, 2: Asiam orientis fine a Macedonibus perdomitam, Justin. 30, 4.
- II. Trop., a limit, bound: Crassus mihi visus est oratoris facultatem non illius artis terminis, sed ingenii sui finibus, immensis paene, describere, Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 214; cf.: certos mihi fines terminosque constituam, extra quos egredi non possim, id. Quint. 10, 35: finem et modum transire, to go beyond all bounds and measure, id. Off. 1, 29, 102; cf.: transcendere fines Juris, Lucr. 3, 60: modum aliquem et finem orationi facere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 48, § 118: est modus in rebus, sunt certi denique fines, Quos ultraque citraque nequit consistere rectum, Hor. S. 1, 1, 106: intra Naturae fines vivere, id. ib. 50: (dixit) mulierem quinque pueros enixam … eumque esse finem multijugae hominum partionis, Gell. 10, 2, 1: consulta, quibus sedecim stipendiorum finem expresserant, term, limit, Tac. A. 1, 78: his finibus luxuriam coercere, Gell. 2, 24, 15.
Hence, the starting-point in a race: Inde, ubi clara dedit sonitum tuba, finibus omnes Prosiluere suis (of vessels), Verg. A. 5, 139.
- B. Transf., like τέλος.
- 1. An end: in hoc (aequo judicio) uno denique falsae infamiae finis aliquis atque exitus reperiatur, Cic. Clu. 3, 7: dicendi finem facere, id. Sest. 65, 136; cf.: si placet, in hunc diem hactenus … finem disputandi facere, id. Rep. 2, 44 fin.: scribendi, id. de Or. 2, 55, 224: maledictis, Ter. Heaut. prol. 34: injuriis, Caes. B. G. 1, 33, 1: vitae finem afferre alicui, Cic. Phil. 6, 1, 2; cf.: quando finem habet motus, vivendi finem habeat necesse est, id. Rep. 6, 25: finem judiciariae controversiae constituere, id. Verr. 2, 1, 2, § 5: oratio lecta ad eum finem, quem, etc., as far as, id. de Or. 1, 34, 154: ludus repertus, et longorum operum finis, Hor. A. P. 406: imperium sine fine, everlasting, Verg. A. 1, 279: pigetque actorum sine fine mihi, Ov. M. 2, 387: poscens sine fine oscula, id. ib. 4, 334 al.
Adverb.: ad eum finem, until that: amor bestiarum in educandis custodiendisque iis, quae procreaverunt, usque ad eum finem, dum possint se ipsa defendere, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 129: mansit in condicione usque ad eum finem, dum judices rejecti sunt, id. Verr. 1, 6, 16: quem ad finem, till when? how long? quamdiu furor iste tuus eludet? quem ad finem sese effrenata jactabit audacia? id. Cat. 1, 1, 1: piratam vivum tenuisti: quem ad finem? dum cum imperio fuisti, id. Verr. 2, 5, 29, § 75; id. Mur. 5, 11; id. Fam. 9, 26, 1; cf.: Lu. Sequere … In. Sequor: sed finem fore quem dicam nescio (i. e. sequendi), Plaut. Trin. prol. 2.
- b. In partic.
- (α) The end of life, latter end, death (not till after the Aug. per.): comperit invidiam supremo fine domari, i. e. after death, Hor. Ep. 2, 11, 12: tu ne quaesieris, quem mihi, quem tibi Finem di dederint, id. C. 1, 11, 2: nec quicquam jam de fine, si fata poscerent, recusans, Vell. 2, 123, 2; Sen. Ep. 30, 3; Val. Max. 3, 3, 4 ext.: septem a Neronis fine menses sunt, Tac. H. 1, 37: Augusti, id. A. 1, 4; 1, 16; 2, 39: voluntarius, id. ib. 4, 19; 15, 63 et saep.
- (β) The end, extremity of an ascending series, i. e. the highest point, greatest degree, summit: sentis credo, me jam diu, quod τέλος Graeci dicunt, id dicere tum extremum, tum ultimum, tum summum: licebit etiam finem pro extremo aut ultimo dicere, Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26; cf. id. ib. 1, 4, 11; and: ad finem bonorum, quo referuntur et cujus causa sunt facienda omnia, the chief good, id. Leg. 1, 20, 52: fines bonorum et malorum, id. Fin. 1, 17, 55; hence the title of Cicero’s treatise De Finibus, analog. to the Gr. περὶ τελῶν; cf. id. Att. 13, 21, 4, with ib. 19, 4: honorum populi finis est consulatus, id. Planc. 25, 60: quemque sperandi sibi, eundem bene dicendi finem proponerent, id. Tusc. 2, 1, 3: duodecim tabulae, finis aequi juris, Tac. A. 3, 27.
- (γ) An end, purpose, aim, object (but an end subjectively regarded, as an intention, or design, is propositum, consilium, mens, etc.): omnes artes habere finem aliquem propositum, ad quem tendunt, Quint. 2, 17, 22: laudis et gloriae, id. 8, 3, 11: domus finis est usus, Cic. Off. 1, 39, 138: officium ejus facultatis videtur esse, dicere apposite ad persuasionem: finis, persuadere dictione, id. Inv. 1, 5, 6; cf. id. ib. 2, 51, 156; id. Part. Or. 4, 11; id. de Or. 1, 42, 188; 2, 34, 145; Quint. 2, 15, 6: quem finem vel quid summum et ultimum habeat rhetorice, id. ib. 38: volgaris liberalitas referenda est ad illum Ennii finem, Nihilo minus ipsi lucet, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 16, 52: ad finem vitae, Quint. 2, 17, 41: medicinae, id. ib. 25; 2, 21, 3.
- (δ) An intention, design, end in view (very rare; cf. γ supra): quod ad eum finem memoravimus, ut, etc., Tac. A. 14, 64.
- 2. In rhet. lang., i. q. finitio and definitio, qs. an explanatory limiting, a definition, explanation (perh. not in Cic., but repeatedly in Quint.): dicuntur argumenta ex finitione seu fine, Quint. 5, 10, 54: est frequentissimus finis, rhetoricen esse vim persuadendi, id. 2, 15, 3; id. ib. 11 sq.; 4, 4, 3 Spald. N. cr.
- 3. In the later jurid. Lat., a measure, amount: placuit, ut fructus hypothecarum usuris compensaret, fini legitimae usurae, Dig. 20, 1, 1: finem pretii, deminuere vel excedere, ib. 21, 2, 66: ad finem peculii legata praestare, ib. 49, 17, 17.
Fīnīte, adv., v. finio P. a. fin.
fīnĭtĭmus or fīnĭtŭmus, a, um, adj. [finis; cf. maritimus], bordering upon, adjoining, neighboring (class.; syn.: vicinus, confinis, conterminus, contiguus, continens).
- I. Lit.
- A. Adj.
- (α) With dat.: sumus enim finitimi Atinatibus, Cic. Planc. 9, 22: Galli Belgis, Caes. B. G. 2, 2, 3: homines bellicosi locis patentibus, id. ib. 1, 10, 2: regnum Ariobarzanis vestris vectigalibus, Cic. de lmp. Pomp. 2, 5: aër mari, id. N. D. 2, 39, 101: latus Boreae, i. e. bordering upon the north, northern, Hor. C. 3, 24, 38.
- (β) Absol.: Romanos ea loca finitimae provinciae adjungere, Caes. B. G. 3, 2 fin.: Marsi, Hor. Epod. 16, 3: bellum, Caes. B. C. 2, 38, 1; cf. Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 111: civitates, Liv. 1, 32, 2.
- B. Subst.: fīnĭtĭmi, ōrum, m., neighbors: bella cum finitimis felicissime multa gessit, Cic. Rep. 2, 9; cf.: finitimi ac vicini, id. Sull. 20, 58; id. de Imp. Pomp. 4, 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 2, 4; 1, 5, 4; 2, 16, 2 et saep.
- II. Trop., bordering upon, adjoining, nearly related, like.
- (α) With dat.: unicuique virtuti finitimum vitium reperietur, ut audacia, quae fidentiae finitima est, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165; cf. id. de Or. 2, 44, 185: metus aegritudini, id. Tusc. 4, 30, 64: falsa veris, closely allied, id. Ac. 2, 21, 68: deterrimum genus optimo, id. Rep. 1, 42: consensus principum administrationi, id. ib. 1, 28: poëta oratori, id. de Or. 1. 16, 70; cf.: historia huic generi, id. Or. 20, 66: Autronii nomen finitimum maxime est hujus periculo et crimini, is very closely connected with, id. Sull. 25, 71.
- (β) Absol.: illa, quae propinqua videntur et finitima esse, Cic. Inv. 2, 54, 165: artium studiorumque quasi finitima vicinitas, id. Brut. 42, 156: finitimum malum, id. Rep. 1, 28.
fīnītĭo, ōnis, f. [finio] (post-Aug.).
- I. A limiting, limit, boundary, Vitr. 2, 1 fin.; 5, 4 fin.; 8, 1.
- II. A determining, assigning, viz.,
- A. Lit., a division, part, Hyg. Astr. 1, 6 fin.
- B. Trop.
- 1. A definition, explanation (esp. freq. in Quint.): finitio est rei propositae propria et dilucida et breviter comprehensa verbis enunciatio, Quint. 7, 3, 2 sq.; 2, 15, 34; 3, 6, 49; 5, 10, 63 et saep.; Gell. 15, 9, 11.
- 2. A rule: illam quasi finitionem veluti quandam legem sanxerunt, eos tantum surculos posse coalescere, qui, etc., Col. 5, 11, 12.
- III. An end; esp.,
- A. The end of life, death, Inscr. Grut. 810, 10: FATI, Inscr. Orell. 4776.
- B. Completeness: progressum esse ad hanc finitionem, Vitr. 2, 1, 8.
fīnītīvus, a, um, adj. [finio] (post-Aug.), rhet. and gram. t. t.
- I. In rhetoric, defining, explaining: status, Quint. 3, 6, 5; 26: causa, id. 7, 3, 26.
- II. In gram.
- A. Modus, definite, i. e. the indicative, Diom. p. 328 P.
- B. Final: litterae, Mart. Cap. 3, § 240: quaestio, id. 5, § 466.
fīnītor, ōris, m. [finio].
- I. One who determines boundaries, a surveyor (syn.: decempedator, metator): quaestori permittant, finitorem mittant: ratum sit, quod finitor uni illi, a quo missus erit, renuntiaverit, Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 34; 2, 17, 45; 2, 20, 53; Non. 1, 37.
Comically: ejus (argumenti) nunc regiones, limites, confinia Determinabo: ei rei ego sum factus finitor, Plaut. Poen. prol. 49.
- B. Transf.: circulus, the horizon, Sen. Q. N. 5, 17, 2; Luc. 9, 496.
- * II. One who ends: o cunctis finitor maxime rerum (Pluto), Stat. Th. 8, 91.
fīnītus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from finio.