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ĭn-ĭbi, adv., therein, there.

  1. I. Lit., of place, in that place, there: superbia nata inibi (Capuae) esse videtur, Cic. Agr. 1, 7, 20: marsupium habeat, inibi paulum praesidii, in that matter, Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 45; Cato, R. R. 18, 2; Cels. 5, 26, 23: inibi (i. e. in eodem libro) iisdem laudibus non invenuste lusit, Gell. 17, 12, 13; cf. id. 17, 8, 2.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Of time, nearly, almost, on the point of: in vitae postremo, cum jam inibi mors occuparet, when he was on the point of dying, Gell. 1, 3 init.
    2. B. Inibi est, for in eo est, it is near at hand, about to happen, will soon take place: quod sperare debemus aut inibi esse, aut jam esse confectum, Cic. Phil. 14, 2, 5: profecto aut inibi est aut jam potiuntur Frugum, Pac. ap. Non. 124, 25 (Trag. Rel. v. 205 Rib.): liberne es? non sum: verum inibi est, Caecil. ap. Non. 124, 23 (Com. Fragm. v. 189 Rib.)

īnĭcĭo (less correctly injĭcĭo, v. Brambach’s Hilfsb. p. 19), jēci, jectum (endojacito for inicito, Leg. XII. Tab. ap. Fest. in struere, p. 313, a, Müll.:

  1. I. injexit for injecerit, Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 18), 3, v. a. [in-jacio].
    1. A. Lit., to throw, cast, or put in, on, or into: cum mea domus ardebat ignibus injectis, Cic. Pis. 11, 26: ignem castris, Liv. 40, 31, 9: ignes tectis, id. 25, 39, 3: semen, Plin. 18, 18, 48, § 173: opus flammis, Quint. 6 praef. 3: foculo manum, Liv. 2, 12, 13: vestem flammae, Suet. Caes. 84; hence: inicere se, to throw or fling one’s self anywhere: se in medios hostes ad perspicuam mortem, Cic. Dom. 24, 64: se in ignem. Ter. And. 1, 1, 113: sese medium in agmen, Verg. A. 2, 408: sese morti, id. ib. 9, 553: se flammae, Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 143.
    2. B. To throw or put on or upon, to throw at or over any thing.
      In gen.: pallium inice in me huc, Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 26: eique laneum pallium injecit, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83: togam ex integro, Quint. 11, 3, 156: bracchia collo, Ov. M. 3, 389; cf.: bracchia caelo, i.e. to attack, id. ib. 1, 184: securim alicui, Cic. Mur. 24, 48: pontem, Liv. 26, 6, 2: eo super tigna sesquipedalia iniciunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 10: taedas ad fastigia tectorum, Val. Fl. 2, 235: manicas alicui, Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 1: catenas alicui, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 41, § 106; cf.: vincula alicui, id. Fin. 3, 22, 76; Verg. E. 6, 19: frenos alicui, Cic. Phil. 13, 9, 20: frena, Hor. C. 4, 15, 11: spiranti pulvinum, Suet. Calig. 12: cervicibus laqueum, id. Vit. 17: injecti umeris capilli, i. e. falling over her shoulders, Ov. M. 11, 770.
    3. C. Esp.
      1. 1. Inicere manum alicui, to lay one’s hand on, to take hold of any one, in order to make him stand still, Petr. 115.
      2. 2. In a jurid. sense, to seize, take possession of, as one’s property, without a previous judicial decision (which was permitted, e. g. to a master on meeting with his runaway slave; v. injectio): virgini venienti in forum minister decemviri manum injecit, servā suā natam appellans, Liv. 3, 44, 6; so Dig. 18, 7, 9 al.
        So too in summoning before a judge: ubi quadruplator quempiam injexit (injecerit) manum, Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 18; id. Truc. 4, 2, 49.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In gen., to bring into, inspire, infuse, occasion, cause: inicere tumultum civitati, Cic. Cat. 3, 3, 7: alicui formidinem, id. Verr. 2, 3, 28, § 68: spem, id. Att. 3, 22, 1: terrorem mortis, id. Fin. 5, 11, 31: religionem, id. Caecin. 33, 97: scrupulum, id. Clu. 28, 76: alicui mentem ut audeat, id. Mil. 31, 84: alicui cogitationem de triumpho, id. Att. 7, 3, 2: curam, ne, Liv. 27, 4, 2: alacritatem et studium pugnandi exercitui, Caes. B. G. 1, 46: metum alicui in pectus, Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 26: vultis hoc certamen uxoribus vestris inicere? to give occasion for, Liv. 34, 4, 14: cunctationem, to cause delay, id. 35, 25, 5: arma regnis, i. e. bellum inferre, Stat. Th. 1, 241: frustrationem, to produce deception, confusion, Plaut. Am. 3, 1, 15: alicui causam deliberandi, to furnish, Cic. Caecin. 2, 4: plaga injecta petitioni, given, Cic. Mur. 23, 48.
        1. b. Of the mind, with se, to dwell upon, reflect on: in quam (magnitudinem regionum) se iniciens animus, etc., Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 54.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. Manus inicere (acc. to I. B.), to seize upon, take possession of, exercise power over: animus sacer et aeternus est, et cui non possint inici manus, Sen. Cons. ad Helv. 11 fin.: quieti ejus injeci manum, I have torn him away from his repose, Plin. Ep. 10, 19, 2: injecere manum Parcae, took possession of him, Verg. A. 10, 419.
      2. 2. Inicere, to throw out a hint, to mention, suggest: quia nuper injecit, Cic. Quint. 21, 68: Bruto cum saepe injecissem de ὁμοπλοίᾳ, id. Att. 16, 5, 3: cum mihi in sermone injecisset, se velle, etc., Trebon. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 16, 2: alicui nomen alicujus, id. Dom. 6, 14.

(ĭn-ĭdōnĕē, false read. in App. for idonee.)

ĭnĭens, euntis, Part., v. ineo.

ĭnĭgo, ēgi, actum, 3, v. a. [in-ago].

  1. I. To drive into or to a place, to drive: grege jumentorum inacto, Varr. R. R. 1, 52, 2: in stabula, id. ib. 2, 2, 15: equum in oves, Fronto ad M. Caes. 2, ep. 15 Mai.: feras ad nocendum, Sen. Ep. 103, 2: navem Romam, Fronto, B. Parth. p. 203 Mai.
  2. II. To throw or thrust anywhere: anus repentino pulsu nutantem ac pendulum praeceps inegit, pushed him down, App. M. 4 ante med. p. 148, 12.

ĭnĭmīcālis, e, adj. [inimicus], inimical, hostile (late Lat.): stimuli, Sid. Ep. 1, 3.

ĭnĭmīcē and ĭnĭmīcĭter, advv., v. inimicus fin.

ĭnĭmīcĭtĭa, ae, f. [inimicus], enmity, hostility, usu. in plur.: capere inimicitias in aliquem, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 23: suscipere, Cic. Fam. 2, 18, 2: intercedunt mihi inimicitiae cum aliquo, id. Cael. 13, 32: erant ei veteres inimicitiae cum Rosciis, id. Rosc. Am. 6, 17: inimicitias insitas habere et gerere cum aliquo, id. Font. 11, 23: inimicitias subire, id. Verr. 2, 5, 71, § 182: denuntiare alicui, id. Fl. 1, 2: exstinguere, id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22: inimicitias suas donare rei publicae, id. Fam. 5, 4, 2: inimicitias suas temporibus rei publicae permittere, id. Sest. 33, 72: nobiles inter eos, well known, Liv. 37, 35, 7: nobilissimae, id. 39, 4, 8; 40, 45, 7: paternae, id. 44, 25, 1: inimicitias habere conceptas ex aliqua re, Caes. B. C. 3, 16: exercere cum aliquo, Sall. C. 49: contrahere, Quint. 7, 1, 53: privatas ulcisci, Tac. A. 3, 12: fovere, id. ib. 11, 6: capitales, deadly, Paul. Sent. 2, 27, 1: mortales, transient, temporary (opp. amicitiae inmortales), Liv. 40, 46, 12.

        1. (β) Sing.: inimicitia (est) ira ulciscendi tempus observans, Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 21; 4, 7, 16: miscent inter sese inimicitiam agitantes, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 275 Vahl.): aeque inimicitiam atque amicitiam in frontem promptam gero, id. ib. 19, 8, 6 (Trag. v. 8 Vahl.): cum eo reveni ex inimicitia in gratiam, Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 8: inimicitiae causa, Dig. 22, 5, 3; 5, 1, 15.

ĭnĭmīco, 1, v. a. [inimicus], to make enemies, to set at variance (poet. and rare): miseras inimicat urbes, Hor. C. 4, 15, 20: hostiles inimicant classica turmas, urge on to fight, Stat. Th. 2, 419: pectora, Aus. Ep. 24, 63; Sid. Ep. 5, 19.
Absol.: desine inimicari, Vulg. Eccli. 28, 6.

ĭnĭmīcus, a, um (gen. plur.: ĭnĭmī-cūm, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 14), adj. [2. in-amicus], unfriendly, hostile, inimical.

  1. I. Adj.
    1. A. Of persons: quod eos infenso animo atque inimico venisse dicatis, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149; id. Phil. 10, 10, 21; cf.: quam inimico vultu intuitur, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 25: inter omnia inimica infestaque, Liv. 22, 39, 13: Clodius inimicus est nobis, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 6; 11, 10, 2; id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 28; cf. in sup.: Hannibal nomini Romano, Nep. Hann. 7, 3; Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4: animorum motus inimicissimi mentis, Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34.
    2. B. Of inanim. things, hurtful, injurious: raphani dentibus inimici, Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 86: (naves) accipiunt inimicum imbrem, Verg. A. 1, 123: odor nervis, Hor. S. 2, 4, 53: maritare ulmos nisi validas inimicum (est), Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 203.
      Comp.: nec quidquam inimicius quam illa (oratio) versibus, Cic. Or. 57, 194; id. Fam. 3, 8, 9.
      Sup.: brassica stomacho inimicissima, Plin. 20, 9, 38, § 96.
      1. 2. Like hostilis, hostile: nomina, Verg. A. 11, 84: tela, id. ib. 11, 809: insigne, spoils of a vanquished foe, id. ib. 12, 944: terra, id. ib. 10, 295: natura inimica inter se esse liberam civitatem et regem, Liv. 44, 24, 2: in hostili terra, inter omnia inimica infestaque, id. 22, 39, 13.
  2. II. Substt.
    1. A. ĭnĭmīcus, i, m., an enemy, foe, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 24, § 58: quis plenior inimicorum fuit C. Mario, id. Prov. Cons. 8, 19; Nep. Them. 9, 4; id. Alc. 4, 1; 2, 6 al.: aliquem insectari tamquam inimicum et hostem, Liv. 39, 28, 13: paternus, hereditary, Paul. Sent. 2, 27, 1.
    2. B. ĭnĭ-mīca, ae, f.: cujusquam inimica, Cic. Cael. 13, 32.
      Sup.: ubi vidit fortissimum virum inimicissimum suum, certissimum consulem, greatest enemy, Cic. Mil. 9, 25; Nep. Eum. 6, 3; id. Dat. 5, 4; id. Hann. 12, 2; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 410, and v. iniquus, II. B. fin.
      Adv., in two forms.
      1. 1. ĭnĭmīcē, in an unfriendly manner, hostilely, inimically: vide quam tecum agam non inimice, Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 34: insectari aliquem, id. N. D. 1, 3, 5.
        Comp.: infestius aut inimicius consulere, Liv. 28, 29, 8.
        Sup.: inimicissime contendere, Cic. Quint. 21, 66.
      2. 2. ĭnĭmīcĭter, adv., hostilely, inimically: accensus, Acc. ap. Non. 514, 22: commoti inimiciter, Claud. Quadrig. ap. Gell. 3, 8, 8; Enn. ap. Prisc. 1010 P.

ĭn-ĭmĭtābĭlis, e, adj., that cannot be imilated, inimitable (post-Aug.): auctoritas, Quint. 8, 3, 25: mellis inimitabilis humanae rationi sapor, id. 1, 10, 7: dulcedo morum, Vell. 2, 97.

ĭn-ĭnĭtĭātus, a, um, adj., not begun: ininitiato substantiarum cardine (al. in initiato), Claud. Mam. Stat. Anim. 1, 23.

ĭn-intellĭgĭbĭlis, e, adj., unintelligible, incomprehensible: dei splendor, Ambros. Off. 1, 14.

ĭn-interprĕtābĭlis, e, adj., inexplicable: nomen, Tert. adv. Val. 14: sermo, Vulg. Heb. 5, 71.

ĭn-interprĕtātus, a, um, adj., uninterpreted, unexplained: ininterpretatum (al. non interpretatum), Hier. Ep. 29, 4.

ĭn-inventĭbĭlis, e, adj. [2. in-invenio], not to be found out, inscrutable, Tert. adv. Herm. 45.

ĭn-investīgābĭlis, e, adj., unsearchable, Tert. adv. Herm. 45.

ĭn-invĭcem, adv., not by turns, continually, Not. Tir. p. 84.

ĭnīquē, adv., v. iniquus fin.

ĭnīquĭtas, ātis (gen. plur. iniquitatium, Tert. Spect. 2), f. [iniquus], unequalness.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. Unevenness, of the ground: loci, Caes. B. G. 7, 45: in talibus iniquitatibus locorum, Liv. 38, 22, 3.
    2. B. Inequality, of weight: ponderis, App. M. 7, p. 195, 38.
    3. C. Excessiveness, that exceeds one’s strength: operis, Col. 2, 4, 6.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. Unfavorableness, adverseness, difficulty, hardness: loci, Liv. 2, 65, 5: in tanta rerum iniquitate, Caes. B. G. 2, 22 fin.: temporum iniquitate pressi, Liv. 35, 16, 11: temporis, Curt. 7, 7, 3: propter iniquitatem temporum, Cic. Rosc. Am. 1, 1; with acerbitas, id. ib. 29, 81.
    2. B. Unfairness, injustice, unreasonableness: aequitas, temperantia, fortitudo certant cum iniquitate, luxuria, ignavia, Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 25: praetoris, id. Quint. 2, 9: in tanta hominum perfidia et iniquitate, id. Fam. 1, 2, 4; id. Verr. 2, 3, 89, § 207: iniquitates potestatum, Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 106: Vespasiano ad obtinendas iniquitates haud perinde obstinante, unreasonable demands in the shape of taxes, Tac. H. 2, 84: exitii, id. A. 16, 17: summae iniquitatis se condemnari debere, would render himself guilty of the highest injustice, Caes. B. G. 7, 19: quae si vobis non probabuntur, vestram iniquitatem accusatote, your unreasonable demands, Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 208; so of unreasonable harshness, id. Caecin. 23, 65: iniquitatem deum atque execrabilem fortunam suam incusabant, Liv. 26, 34, 13: ab iniquitate judicis victoriam sperare, partiality, Gai. Inst. 4, 178.
      Plur.: juris emendatae edicto Praetoris, Gai. Inst. 3, 25; 41: calumniantium, acts of injustice, Just. Inst. prooem. init.

ĭnīquo, 1, v. a. [iniquus], to render unfavorable: aequum animum alicui, Laber. ap. Non. 126, 31 (Com. Fragm. v. 65 Rib.).

ĭnīquus, a, um, adj. [2. in-aequus], unequal.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. Uneven, not level, steep: puppis, inflicta vadis, dorso dum pendet iniquo, Verg. A. 10, 303: juga montis iniqui, Ov. M. 10, 172.
    2. B. Not of the right measure, too great or too small: haeret Hylas lateri (Herculis), passusque moratur iniquos, greater than his own, Val. Fl. 3, 486: iniquae heminae, Pers. 1, 130: pocula iniqua, too large, Ser. Samm. 37: iniquo pondere rastri, too heavy, Verg. G. 1, 164; so, adhibitis iniquis ponderibus, Dig. 18, 1, 32: sol, too hot, Verg. A. 7, 227: merum, taken immoderately, Val. Fl. 3, 66.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Unfair, unjust: quam iniqui sunt patres omnes in adulescentes judices, Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 7: pacem vel iniquā condicione retinere, Cic. Att. 8, 11, D, § 6: quid hoc iniquius dici potest, id. Quint. 2, 8: causa, Ter. And. 1, 5, 22: lex, Hor. S. 1, 3, 67: Parcae, id. C. 2, 6, 9: quis iniquae Tam patiens urbis, ut, etc., Juv. 1, 30: ventres modio castigare iniquo, with short measure, scanty fare, id. 14, 126: praeripere … valde est iniquum, Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 6.
    2. B. Inimical, hostile, adverse: iniquum esse in aliquem, Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 25: homines natura asperi atque omnibus iniqui, Cic. Planc. 16, 40: animo iniquissimo infestissimoque aliquem intueri, id. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 144: obscurius iniqui, id. Fam. 1, 5, b, 2: sermones, id. ib. 1, 9, 20: vultu iniquo spectare, with an envious, spiteful look, Ov. A. A. 1, 313.
      Subst.: ĭnīquus, i, m., an enemy, foe: iniqui mei, Cic. Planc. 16, 40; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7: tui, id. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 167 Zumpt: nonnulli nostri iniqui, id. Planc. 23, 57.
      Also in sup.: omnibus iniquissimis meis, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 69 init.; cf. inimicus, and Zumpt, Gram. § 410.
    3. C. Hurtful, injurious, unfavorable, disadvantageous: loco iniquo subeundum erat ad hostes, Liv. 2, 31, 4: ascensu, id. 28, 16, 7: loca ad transitum, id. 8, 38, 6; cf. spatio, Verg. A. 5, 203; id. G. 4, 147: palus gnara vincentibus, iniqua (i. e. invia) nesciis, Tac. A. 1, 63: tributum iniquo suo tempore imperatum, Liv. 2, 23, 5: consilia cum patriae tum sibi capere, Nep. Paus. 3, 3: vina capiti, Plin. 13, 4, 9, § 44: casus, Verg. A. 6, 475: sortem miserari iniquam, hard, id. ib. 12, 243.
      Comp.: in locum iniquiorem progredi, Caes. B. G. 2, 10, 4.
      Sup.: iniquissimo nostris loco proelium committere coeperunt, Caes. B. G. 5, 32 fin.; so, locum subire, id. ib. 2, 27 fin.
    4. D. Unwilling, impatient, discontented: iniquo animo pati, Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 6: iniquo animo ferre aliquid, Cic. Tusc. 2, 2, 5: iniquissimo animo mori, id. de Sen. 23, 83: iniquae mentis asellus, Hor. S. 1, 9, 20: utrum aequo an iniquo animo mortem subieris jam nihil refert, Lact. 3, 27, 8: caelestes iniqui, ungracious, unkind, Ov. H. 8, 87.
    5. E. Unsuitable: hoc paene iniquum est, comico choragio conari agere nos tragoediam, Plaut. Capt. prol. 61.
  3. F. Imperfect, improperly drawn up: formula, Gai. Inst. 4, 57.
    Hence, adv.: ĭnīquē.
      1. 1. Lit., unequally: quam inique comparatum est, Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 7; cf.: numquam vidi iniquius concertationem comparatam, i. e. where the parties were more unequally matched, id. Ad. 2, 2, 4; and: hoc prope iniquissime comparatum est, etc., Cic. Clu. 21, 57.
      2. 2. Trop.
        1. a. Unfairly, unjustly (opp. jure): occidere, Liv. 39, 48, 2: facere aliquid erga aliquem, Plaut. Cas. 3, 4, 27: pacisci, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 37: expulsi, Auct. Or. pro Dom. 33: locum immeritum causari, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 12.
        2. b. Unfitly, unsuitably: etsi inique Castorem cum Domitio comparem, Cic. Deiot. 11, 31.
        3. c. Not patiently, indignantly: aliquid ferre, Lact. 6, 4 med.; cf.: aliquid iniquissime ferre, Suet. Caes. 45.

* ĭnĭtālĭa, ĭum, n. plur. [initium], opening or initial ceremonies: initalia Cereris adiit (al. initialia and inter alia Cereris templum), Capit. Marc. Aur. 27.

ĭnĭtĭālis, e, adj. [2. in-aequus], initial, incipient, original (post-class.).

  1. I. Adj.: elementorum origo initialis, App. M. 4, p. 156, 9: saeculorum progenies, id. ib. 11, p. 259: controversiae status, Aggen. ap. Front. de Limit. p. 63 Goes.
  2. II. Subst.: ĭnĭtĭāles, ium, m. plur., those who first assembled together in a collegium, Inscr. ap. Marin. Iscriz. Alb. p. 12.

* ĭnĭtĭāmenta, ōrum, n. plur. [inito], an initiation into secret rites; trop.: sapientiae, Sen. Ep. 90, 29.

ĭnĭtĭātĭo, ōnis, f. [2. in-aequus], a participation in secret religious rites: Eleusiniorum sacrorum, Suet. Ner. 34.

ĭnĭtĭātor, ōris, m. [2. in-aequus], an originator, founder (late Lat.): novi testamenti, Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 14.

ĭnĭtĭātrix, īcis, f. [initiator], she who originates, a foundress (late Lat.): litteraturae, Tert. ad Nat. 2, 7 med.: virtutum omnium, Salv. de Avarit. 4 post med. p. 165 Rittersh.

ĭnĭtĭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [initium].

  1. I. To begin, originate (only late Lat.): ver tunc initiatur, Firm. 2, 12: brassicam seremus vel irriguo loco, vel pluviā initiante madefacto, when the rainy season begins (which begins again after the dog-days), Pall. 7, 4: ex his initiata sunt cetera, Tert. adv. Val. 15: initiatum jurgium, Cod. Just. 3, 6, 3 al.
  2. II. To initiate, consecrate, or admit to secret religious rites.
    1. A. Of the sacred mysteries of Ceres: initienturque eo ritu Cereri, quo Romae initiantur, Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 37; cf. id. ib. 2, 9, 21; Liv. 31, 14, 7; Just. 11, 7.
      Of other mysteries: initiari Bacchis, Liv. 39, 14, 8; 39, 9, 4: magicis cernis aliquem, Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 17; Varr. ap. Non. 108, 21.
    2. B. In gen., to initiate into, consecrate to any thing (rare): neque enim est sanctius sacris iisdem quam studiis initiari, Quint. 1, 2, 20: litteris, Plin. Ep. 5, 15, 8; Symm. Ep. 4, 20.
    3. C. To baptize (eccl. Lat.), Tert. Monog. 8, de Joh. Bapt.

ĭnĭtĭum, ĭi, n. [ineo], a going in, en trance.

  1. I. A beginning, commencement (syn.: principium, exordium).
    1. A. Lit.: bonis initiis orsus tribunatus, tristes exitus habuit consulatus, id. Brut. 34, 128: initio accusationis, id. de Or. 1, 26, 121: initium capere, Caes. B. G. 1, 1: dicendi initium sumere, Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 1: facere initium confligendi, id. Phil. 14, 14, 36: caedis initium ab aliquo facere, id. ib. 5, 7, 20: male ponere initia, id. Att. 10, 18, 2: ducere ab aliqua re, id. ib. 9, 9, 2: ab initio res quem ad modum facta sint, exponemus, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 14: ab ultimo initio repetere, Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14: seditionem ab altiore initio repetam, Tac. H. 2, 27: quia initio caedis orto difficilis modus, id. ib. 1, 39.
      Pleon.: querellae ab initio tantae ordiendae rei absint, Liv. praef. § 12; cf.: prima initia incohare, id. 3, 54, 9: primum initium certaminis, id. 6, 12, 10.
      The abl. sing. is used adverbially, in the beginning, at first: quemadmodum senatus initio censuit, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 4: redeo ad illud quod initio scripsi, id. ib. 1, 7, 5; Nep. Thras. 1, 5; id. Tim. 3, 1; id. Alc. 5, 3; Curt. 3, 8, 17 al.; cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 475.
    2. B. Transf.
      1. 1. Constituent parts, elements: inde est indagatio nata initiorum, et tamquam seminum, unde essent omnia orta, generata, concreta, Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69: illa initia, et, ut e Graeco vertam, elementa dicuntur ( = στοιχεῖα), id. Ac. 1, 7, 26; so of death: Augustus in sua resolutus initia, Vell. 2, 123, 3.
      2. 2. First principles, elements cf a science: illa initia mathematicorum, quibus non concessis digitum progredi non possunt, Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 116.
      3. 3. Beginning, origin: quomodo initium nobis rerum omnium ortus noster adferat, sic exitum mors, etc., Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 91: natus obscurissimis initiis, Vell. 2, 761; cf.: pauca ab initio causisque talium facinorum non absurda, which relate to the origin, etc., Tac. H. 4, 48.
      4. 4. Auspices, because with them everything was begun; hence, the beginning of a reign: novis initiis et ominibus opus est, i. e. of a new king, Curt. 5, 9, 4.
  2. II. Secret sacred rites, sacred mysteries, to which only the initiated were admitted: initia vocantur potissimum ea, quae Cereri fiunt sacra, Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 5: initia Cereris, Liv. 31, 47, 2; cf. 39, 8, 5: nihil melius illis mysteriis, quibus ex agresti immanique vita exculti ad humanitatem et mitigati sumus, initiaque ut appellantur, ita re vera principia vitae cognovimus, Cic. Leg. 2, 14, 36; Just. 2, 6: initia Samothracum, Curt. 8, 1, 12: initiis pacis, foedus cum feritur, Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 9.
    1. B. Things (musical instruments) used in celebrating these mysteries: Typanum, tubam, Cybele, tua, mater, initia, Cat. 63, 9.

* ĭnĭto, āre, v. freq. [ineo], to go into, to enter: loca horrida initas, Pac. ap. Diom. 336 P. (Trag. Rel. v. 1 Rib.); cf. inito, ἐμβατεύω, Gloss. Philox.

1. ĭnĭtus, a, um, Part., from ineo.

2. ĭnĭtus, ūs, m. [ineo], a coming in, entrance.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. An approach, arrival, advent: volucres te, diva, tuumque Significant initum, Lucr. 1, 13.
    2. B. A beginning, commencement: movendi, Lucr. 1, 383: motūs, id. 2, 269.
  2. II. Transf., approach (in mal. part.), Ov. F. 4, 94; Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 172: sues initum matutinum appetere, id. 10, 63, 83, § 181.

injectĭo, ōnis, f. [inicio].

  1. I. A throwing in; lit., med. t. t., an injection, clyster, Cael. Aur. Tard. 5, 4, 69; 5, 1, 10; id. Acut. 1, 17, 167.
  2. II. A laying on: manus, a laying on of the hand, an act by which one takes possession of a thing belonging to him without a judicial decision: patri in filium, patrono in libertum manus injectio sit, Quint. 7, 7, 9: aeris confessi debitique jure judicatis triginta dies justi sunto; post deinde manus injectio esto, Lex XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; Dig. 2, 4, 10 al.
    1. B. Transf.: habebat enim vera secum bona, in quae non est manus injectio, i. e. such as cannot be grasped by the hand, Sen. Const. 5, 7.
  3. III. Trop. (late Lat.).
    1. A. An instigation, suggestion: Satanae, Tert. de Pudic. 13 init.
    2. B. An objection, Tert. ad Hermog. 10.

injectĭōnāle, is, n. [injectio] (lit., neutr. of injectionalis, e, sc. remedium), a clyster, injection, Theod. Prisc. 4, 8.

injectīvus, a, um, adj. [inicio]: injectivus status est generalis. Nam sive de possessione, sive de fine controversia nascatur, per hoc repetitio justa injustaque inicitur, Aggen. ap. Front. de Limit. Agr. p. 63 Goes.

injecto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [inicio], to lay on, apply (poet.): dextram, Stat. Th. 9, 133; Sil. 3, 183; Luc. 3, 611.

1. injectus, a, um, Part., from inicio.

2. injectus, ūs, m. [inicio], a throwing or casting on or over.

  1. I. Lit.: opprimere senem injectu multae vestis, Tac. A. 6, 50; so Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 54; 8, 17, 21, § 60: pulveris, id. 11, 17, 18, § 58; Stat. S. 4, 3, 22.
  2. II. Transf., a putting in: animi in corpora, Lucr. 2, 740.

injexit for injēcĕrit, v. inicio init.

injĭcĭo, v. inicio.

injūcundē, adv., v. injucundus fin.

* injūcundĭtas, ātis, f. [injucundus], unpleasantness: ne quid habeat injucunditatis oratio, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138.

in-jūcundus, a, um, adj.

  1. I. Unpleasant (class.): minime nobis injucundus labor, Cic. Fin. 1, 1, 3: rumor bonis, id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 4: odor, Plin. 25, 7, 36, § 74: sonus vocis, Gell. 13, 20, 12: schemata, Quint. 4, 5, 4: non injucundus auctor, id. 10, 1, 124.
    Comp., Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4, 123.
  2. II. Harsh, severe: adversus malos, Tac. Agr. 22.
    Adv.: injūcundē, unpleasantly: res injucundius actae, Cic. Att. 1, 20, 1.

in-jūdĭcātus, a, um, adj. [2. in-judico].

  1. I. Unsentenced, not formally tried by a judge: decem hominibus vitam eripis, indicta causa, injudicatis, incondemnatis, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 24, 12.
  2. II. Undecided: id injudicatum relinquo, Quint. 10, 1, 67: res, Gell. 5, 10, 15.

in-jŭgātus, a, um, adj. [2. in-jugo], not yoked, unyoked (late Lat.): taurus, Sid. Ep. 9, 16 in carm.

in-jŭgis, e, adj., not yoked, that has borne no yoke.

  1. I. Hostia, Macr. S. 3, 5; cf.: boves, qui sub jugo non fuerint, Paul. ex Fest. p. 113 Müll.; Fulg. p. 560, 33.
  2. II. Injuges versus, verses in which no connecting particle occurs (e. g. tectum augustum, ingens, centum sublime columnis, Verg. A. 7, 170), Diom. p. 489 P.

injunctĭo, ōnis, f. [injungo], an injunction, command (late Lat.), Sid. Ep. 9, 2.

1. injunctus, a, um, Part., from injungo.

2. in-junctus, a, um, adj. [2. in-jungo], not joined, not united (late Lat.): fideles, Tert. adv. Ux. 2, 2.

in-jungo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to join into something.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. To join or fasten into: tignos in asseres, Liv. 44, 5, 4: arborem scrobi, to set or plant into, Pall. Febr. 10, 1; so without scrobi, id. ib. 1, 6, 5.
    2. B. To join with, to join, unite, attach to any thing: vineas et aggerem muro, Liv. 37, 26, 8: vineas moenibus, id. 5, 7, 2: area injuncta domui, Dig. 2, 57: pondus, to hang on, Col. 6, 2, 7: nutrienda sarmenta putator injungit, fastens on, i. e. does not cut off, Pall. 1, 6, 9.
      Transf.: injungere marem feminae, Col. 6, 37, 2.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To inflict, occasion, bring upon (syn. impono): civitatibus aeternam servitutem, Caes. B. G. 7, 77: alicui novum laborem, Liv. 5, 4, 3: alicui onus, id. 26, 35, 9: alicui leges, id. 39, 37, 8: injuriam a nobis repulsam aliis, id. 3, 65, 11: ignominiam alicui, id. 8, 32, 15: delectus, Tac. Agr. 15: tributum, id. G. 25: sibi tormentum, to torment one’s self, Plin. Pan. 86, 1.
    2. B. To lay or impose upon as a burden; to charge, enjoin (syn. mando): alicui munus comitiorum habendorum, Liv. 3, 35, 7; cf.: injuncta imperii munera, Tac. Agr. 13: injuncta militia, Liv. 32, 3, 4: quid a te jucundius mihi potuit injungi, quam, etc., Plin. Ep. 2, 18, 1: nova alicui, id. Pan. 94, 2: mihi Bassus injunxerat ut, etc., id. Ep. 4, 9, 4; 4, 13, 11: injungo mihi ut, I have determined, id. ib. 10, 55: alicui superlationem, Val. Max. 6, 9, n. 12: nec sibi ullius rei moram necessitatemque injungebat, quin, etc., i. e. permitted nothing, however pressing, to hinder, etc., Auct. B. Alex. 44, 5: jusjurandi religionem, to impose the obligation of an oath, Gai. Inst. 4, 181.

in-jūrātus, a, um, adj., unsworn, having taken no oath (class.; cf. injuro): injurato scio plus credet mihi quam jurato tibi, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 281; cf.: cum id jurati dicunt quod ego injuratus insimulo, Cic. Caecin. 1, 3; so opp. jurati, id. Sull. 11 fin.; id. Rosc. Com. 1, 4; id. Verr. 2, 1, 10 fin.: pariter jurati injuratique fugiunt, Liv. 10, 41, 10: mens, Cic. poët. Off. 3, 29, 108.

in-jūre-cessĭo, ōnis, f. (better separately, in jure cessio), a form of delivering possession, a transfer of property: quod valet mancipatio, idem valet et in jure cessio, Gai. Inst. 2, 22 sqq.; v. jus, cessio.

injūrĭa, ae, f. [injurius], any thing that is done contrary to justice and equity, injury, wrong, violence: injuria ex eo dicta est, quod non jure fiat! omne enim, quod non jure fit, injuria fieri dicitur: hoc generaliter. Specialiter autem injuria dicitur contumelia. Interdum injuriae appellatione damnum culpa datum significatur: interdum iniquitatem injuriam dicimus, etc., Dig. 47, 10, 1: cum autem duobis modis, id est aut vi aut fraude, fiat injuria, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41: injuriae sunt, quae aut pulsatione corpus, aut convicio aures, aut aliqua turpitudine vitam cujuspiam violant, Auct. Her. 4, 25, 35.

  1. I. Lit.: tibi a me nulla orta est injuria, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 35: alienum est a sapiente non modo injuriam cui facere, verum etiam nocere, Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 71: injuriam inferre, id. Off. 1, 7, 24: injurias contumeliasque imponere, id. Verr. 2, 4, 9, § 20: injuriam jacere et immittere in aliquem, id. Par. 4, § 28: in populum Romanum, Liv. 44, 1, 10: accipere ab aliquo, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 18, 60: propulsare, id. Rosc. Am. 50, 145: defendere, Caes. B. C. 1, 7: condonare alicui, id. B. G. 1, 20: persequi, id. ib. 7, 38: ulcisci, id. ib. 1, 12: injuriis onerare, Ter. And. 5, 1, 8: per injuriam, in an unjust manner, unjustly, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 97, § 226.
    The abl. injuriā is used adverb., unjustly, undeservedly, without cause: ne palma detur cuiquam artifici injuriā, Plaut. Poen. prol. 37: dispertivisti, id. Aul. 2, 5, 4: si me meis civibus injuriā suspectum viderem, Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17: hoc horret Milo: nec injuriā, id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 6.
  2. II. Transf., injurious, unlawful, or unjust conduct.
    1. A.
      1. 1. Act., injustice, wrongdoing: vostrā hercle factum injuriā, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 66: quocumque aspexisti, ut furiae, sic tuae tibi occurrunt injuriae, Cic. Par. 2, 18: ut meum jus teneam et injuriam tuam persequar, id. Caecin. 11, 32.
      2. 2. Pass.: pro veteribus Helvetiorum injuriis populi Romani, Caes. B. G. 1, 30: Sabinae mulieres, quarum ex injuria bellum ortum, Liv. 1, 13, 1; cf., so of dishonoring, deflowering a virgin, Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 64; id. Cist. 1, 3, 32.
    2. B. An injurious act, injury, outrage, insult, affront: injuriarum multam dicere, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 57: injuriarum dicam alicui scribere, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 15: actio injuriarum, an action for a personal injury or affront, Cic. Caecin. 12, 35: periculum injuriae muliebris, Liv. 26, 49, 12: agere injuriarum, Dig. 47, tit. 10: teneri injuriarum, ib. 11: injuriarum experiri, ib. fin.: injuriarum judicio convenire quempiam, ib. 13: tantine injuria cenae? the insult of a dinner, Juv. 5, 9.
    3. C. Unjust severity, harshness, rigor: (filius) carens patriā ob meas injurias, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 85; cf. paterna, id. ib. 5, 2, 39.
    4. D. Revenge or punishment for injury inflicted: injuria consulis, etiam si justa, non tamen in magistratu exercenda, Liv. 42, 1, 12: injuria caedis nostrae, Verg. A. 3, 256.
    5. E. An unjust acquisition: injuriam obtinere, Liv. 29, 1, 17.
  3. F. A damage, harm, injury of any kind, even that which proceeds from inanimate things: ab injuria oblivionis aliquem asserere, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 4: pluviarum, Col. 11, 3, 7: ignis, id. ib.: frigorum, grandinum aut nivis, Plin. 13, 24, 47, § 134: puellam vinculis onerat, ex quorum injuria decessit, Just. 43, 2: comparere incolumem ac sine injuria, Suet. Aug. 14: haerens injuria lumbis, pain, disease, Ser. Samm. 38, 452: curandum ne magna injuria fiat fortibus, Juv. 8, 121.

injūrĭē, adv., v. injurius fin.

injūrĭor, ātus sum, 1, v. dep. [injuria], to do an injury, to injure (post-Aug. and rare): omne fortuitum citra nos saevit atque injuriatur (a dub. reading), Sen. Const. 9, 1.
Impers.: plus victoriatum est, quam injuriatum, Tert. adv. Gnost. 6.
Pass. part.: injuriatus, Sen. Ben. 7, 31, 1 Fickert (al. in injuriam): elephas injuriatus, Cassiod. Var. 12, 30.

injūrĭōsē, adv., v. injuriosus fin.

injūrĭōsus, a, um, adj. [injuria], acting unjustly, injurious, wrongful, criminal.

  1. I. Lit.: injuriosi in proximos, Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44: injuriosa et facinorosa vita, id. Leg. 1, 14, 40: appetitio alienorum (avaritia), Auct. Her. 4, 25, 35: adversus patrem injuriosior, Sen. Contr. 2, 12 med.: genus hominum injuriosissimum, Hadrian. Imp. Ep. ap. Vopisc. Saturn. 8.
  2. II. Transf., hurtful, noxious: injurioso ictu vitem verberare, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 227: ventus, Hor. Epod. 17, 34: pes, id. C. 1, 35, 13.
    Adv.: injūrĭōsē, unjustly, unlawfully: qui in magistratibus injuriose decreverant, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 7, § 21: sacra conjugalia tractare, Val. Max. 2, 9, 2: magistratum tractare, Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 24: aliquid facere, ib. 47, 10, 32.
    Comp.: mercatoribus injuriosius tractatis, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11.
    Sup.: aliquid in aliquem injuriosissime cogitare, Aug. de Quaest. 83, n. 82.

injūrĭus, a, um, adj. [2. in-jus], that acts unlawfully, injurious, wrongful, unjust (mostly ante-class.): Scel. Quis igitur vocare? Phil. Δικαίᾳ nomen est. Scel. Injuria’s, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 27: injuria’s qui, etc., id. Curc. 1, 1, 65: si id succenseat, ipsus sibi esse injurius videatur, Ter. And. 2, 3, 3; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 79: me illi irasci injurium est, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 19; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 26; 2, 1, 51; id. Hec. 1, 1, 14 and 15; cf.: quia sit injurium, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 89: indicta causa damnari absentem consularem virum injurium esse, Liv. 43, 5, 5.
Adv.: injūrĭē, unjustly, unlawfully: injurie facere, Naev. ap. Non. 124, 31 (Trag. Rel. v. 40 Rib.): injurie dictum pro injuriose, Non. ib.
Sup.: aliquem injuriissime nominare, Amm. 16, 12, 67 dub. (others read irrisive).

in-jūro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [2. in-juro], not to swear (very rare; cf. injuratus): qui injuraverit, Inscr. ap. Mar. Fratr. Arv. p. 70.

in-jūrus, a, um, adj. [2. in-jus], that acts unlawfully, unjust, injurious: impure, inhoneste, injure, illex, labes popli, Plaut. Pers. 3, 3, 4; cf.: injurum, perjurum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 110 Müll.

1. in-jussus, a, um, adj. [2. in-jubeo], unbidden, voluntary, of one’s own accord.

  1. I. Lit.: ut numquam inducant animum cantare rogati, injussi numquam desistant, Hor. S. 1, 3, 3: puer, Luc. 7, 38: injussae veniunt ad mulctra capellae, Hor. Epod. 16, 49.
  2. II. Transf., of things: injussaque tela vagantur, that fly from the soldiers’ hands against their will, Luc. 6, 78: injussa virescunt Gramina, spontaneous, Verg. G. 1, 55.

2. in-jussus, ūs, m., only in the abl., without command (freq. in Cic. and Livy): populus Romanus, injussu suo, nullo pacto potest religione obligari, Cic. Balb. 15, 34: injussu imperatoris, id. de Sen. 20, 73; id. Tusc. 1, 30, 74; id. Quint. 26, 82; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 12; id. Inv. 1, 33, 56; Liv. 2, 43, 9; 3, 63, 5; 4, 32, 11; 5, 19, 9 al.

injustē, adv., v. injustus fin.

injustĭtĭa, ae, f. [injustus].

  1. I. Injustice, unjust proceeding: injustitiae duo genera sunt, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 7, 23: totius injustitiae nulla capitalior est, quam eorum, etc., id. ib. 13, 41; id. N. D. 3, 28 fin.; id. Tusc. 4, 18, 42.
    Plur.: exprobrante illis peccata et injustitias, Lact. 4, 16, 12.
  2. II. Severity, harsh proceeding: eum ego hinc ejeci injustitiā meā, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 82.

in-justus, a, um, adj., that is contrary to right and justice, unjust, wrongful, unreasonable, excessive, oppressive, severe.

  1. I. In gen., unsuitable, oppressive, excessive (rare): onus ( = immodicum), Cic. Or. 10, 35: faenus, Liv. 42, 5: injustis collatum viribus hostem, unequal, Stat. Th. 6, 774.
  2. II. In partic., unjust, wrongful: vir maleficus naturā et injustus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 57; id. Fl. 38, 97: noverca, harsh, severe, Verg. E. 3, 33: homine imperito numquam quidquam injustius, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 18: emori, ne aliquid faciat injustum, Lact. 5, 13, 15: Samnites Sidicinis injusta arma cum intulissent, Liv. 7, 29, 4: injusto carpere dente, with envious, malicious tooth, Ov. P. 3, 4, 73: mare, id. Am. 2, 11, 12: iracundia, Cic. de Or. 2, 50, 203: id quam injustum in patriam … esset, non videbat, id. Off. 3, 21, 82: injustissima atque acerbissima incommoda, id. Fam. 5, 17, 1: injustaque regna tenebat, unjustly gotten, Ov. M. 5, 277.
    Subst.: injustum, i, n., injustice: jura inventa metu injusti fateare necesse est, Hor. S. 1, 3, 111.
    Adv.: injustē.
      1. 1. In gen., i. q. injuriā, wrongfully, unfairly: morbus non injuste terret, not without cause, Cels. 7, 3.
      2. 2. In partic., unjustly: imperare alicui, Plaut. Capt 2, 2, 58: in aliquem dicere, id. Bacch. 3, 3, 59: facis injuste si putas, etc., Cic. Fl. 17, 41; id. Off. 1, 7, 23; 3, 21, 84 al.: male et injuste facere, Nep. Them. 7 fin.
        Sup.: injustissime, Sall. J. 85, 43.