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lĭgŭla and lingŭla (v. infra), ae, f. dim. [from lingua: quamvis me ligulam dicant Equitesque Patresque, Dicor ab indoctis lingula grammaticis, Mart. 14, 120], a little tongue; hence, transf.

  1. I. A tongue of land: oppida posita in extremis lingulis promontoriisque, Caes. B. G. 3, 12.
  2. II. The tongue of a shoe, a shoe-strap, shoe-latchet: lingula per diminutionem linguae dicta; alias a similitudine linguae exsertae, ut in calceis, alias insertae, id est intra dentes coërcitae, ut in tibiis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll.: habet Trebius, propter quod rumpere somnum debeat et ligulas dimittere, Juv. 5, 20; Mart. 2, 29, 7.
    As a term of reproach: ligula, i in malam crucem, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 30.
  3. III. A spoon or ladle for skimming a pot, a skimmer: isque (musteus fructus) saepius ligula purgandus est, Col. 9, 5 fin.
    For taking out and dropping aromatic essences: inde lingulis eligunt florem, Plin. 21, 14, 49, § 84.
    For preserves, Cato, R. R. 84.
    1. B. As a measure, a spoonful: duarum aut trium lingularum mensura, Plin. 20, 5, 18, § 36.
  4. IV. A small sword, Naev. ap. Gell. 10, 25, 3; ct. Varr. L. L. 7, § 107 Müll.
  5. V. The tongue or reed of a flute, Plin. 16, 36, 66, § 171; cf. under II. the passage cited from Paul. ex Fest. p. 116 Müll.
  6. VI. The pointed end of a post or stake, which was inserted into something, a tongue, tenon: lingulae edolatae, Col. 8, 11, 4.
  7. VII. The short arm of a lever, which is placed under the weight to be raised: si sub onus vectis lingula subjecta fuerit, Vitr. 10, 8.
  8. VIII. The tongueshaped extremity of a water-pipe, by which it is fitted into another, Vitr. 8, 7.
  9. IX. The tongue of a scale-beam: examen est ligula et lignum, quod mediam hastam ad pondera adaequanda tenet, Schol. ad Pers. 1, 6.
  10. X. A tongue-shaped member of the cuttle-fish: loliginum ligulas, App. Mag. p. 297, 5.

lingo, nxi (Prisc. 881), nctum, 3, v. a. [Sanscr. lih, rih, to lick; Gr. λιχ-, λείχω, λιχανός; cf. ligurio], to lick, lick up: mel mihi videor lingere, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 21: crepidas carbatinas, Cat. 98, 5: sulphur linctum, Plin. 35, 15, 50, § 177 (al. linctu): sal pecoribus datur lingendus, id. 31, 9, 45, § 105: canes linguebant ulcera ejus, Vulg. Luc. 16, 21: sanguinem Naboth, id. 3 Reg. 21, 19.
In mal. part., like the Gr. λειχάζειν, Mart. 12, 55, 13; 7, 67, 17.

Lingŏnes, um, m., a people in Celtic Gaul, whence the modern name of their chief city, Langres, Caes. B. G. 1, 26; Plin. 4, 17, 31, § 106.
Afterwards dwelling on the Po, Liv. 5, 35, 2.
Hence,

  1. A. Lingŏ-nĭcus, a, um, adj., Lingonian: bardocucullus, a poor sort of garment worn by the Lingones, Mart. 1, 54, 5: victoria, over the Lingones, Eum. Pan. Const. 6, 3.
  2. B. Lin-gŏnus, i, m., a Lingonian, Mart. 8, 75, 2; Tac. H. 4, 55.

Lingos (-us), i, m., a mountain in Epirus, Liv. 32, 13.

lingua (ante-class. form dingua, like dagrima for lacrima, Mar. Victorin. p. 2457 and 2470 P.; cf. the letter D), ae, f. [Sanscr. jihvā; original Lat. form. dingua; A. -S. tunga; Germ. Zunge; Engl. tongue. Not from the root lih, lich, v. lingo], the tongue.

  1. I. Lit.: fac proserpentem bestiam me duplicem ut habeam linguam (of a kiss in which the tongues touched each other), Plaut. As. 3, 3, 105: lingua haeret metu, Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 7: in ore sita lingua est, finita dentibus, Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149: linguā haesitantes, id. de Or. 1, 25, 115: linguā properanti legere, Ov. P. 3, 5, 9: linguā titubante loqui, id. Tr. 3, 1, 21: quo facilius verba ore libero exprimeret, calculos lingua volvens dicere domi solebat (Demosthenes), Quint. 11, 3, 54: linguam exserere, to thrust out the tongue, in token of derision or contempt, Liv. 7, 10: so, lingua ejecta, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 266: lingua minor, the epiglottis, Plin. 11, 37, 66, § 175.
    Comically, as mock term of endearment: hujus voluptas, te opsecro, hujus mel, hujus cor, hujus labellum, hujus lingua, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 178; cf. v. 175.
    In mal. part.: homo malae linguae, a fellow with a bad tongue, i. q. fellator, Mart. 3, 80, 2; Min. Fel. Oct. 28.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Since the tongue is an organ of speech, a tongue, utterance, speech, language: largus opum, lingua melior, Verg. A. 11, 338: facilem benevolumque lingua tua jam tibi me reddidit, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 35: non tu tibi istam praetruncari linguam largiloquam jubes? Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 47: Latium beare divite linguā, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 120: lingua quasi flabello seditionis contionem ventilare, Cic. Fl. 23, 54: linguam continere, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13: tenere, Ov. F. 2, 602: moderari, Sall. J. 84: linguae solutio, Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114: linguam solvere ad jurgia, Ov. M. 3, 261: quidam operarii linguā celeri et exercitatā, Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 83: ut vitemus linguas hominum, id. Fam. 9, 2, 2: Aetolorum linguas retundere, to check their tongues, bring them to silence, Liv. 33, 3; cf.: claudente noxarum conscientiā linguam, Amm. 16, 12, 61: si mihi lingua foret, Ov. H. 21, 205: ne vati noceat mala lingua futuro, Verg. E. 7, 28: favete linguis, i. e. give attention, "be silent that you may hear," Hor. C. 3, 1, 2; Ov. F. 1, 71: linguis animisque faventes, Juv. 12, 83: nam lingua mali pars pessima servi, id. 9, 121: mercedem imponere linguae, i. e. to speak for pay, id. 7, 149: usum linguae reciperare, Amm. 17, 12, 10: linguā debili esse, to stammer, Gell. 1, 12, 2.
      Comically: os habeat, linguam, perfidiam, tongue, i. e. readiness in speech, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 33.
      1. 2. The tongue or language of a people: lingua Latina, Graeca, Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10: Graeca et Latina lingua, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6: (Massilia) tam procul a Graecorum regionibus, disciplinis linguāque divisa, Cic. Fl. 26, 63: quod quidem Latina lingua sic observat, ut, etc., id. Or. 44, 150: Gallicae linguae scientiam habere, Caes. B. G. 1, 47: qui ipsorum lingua Celtae, nostra Galli, appellantur, id. ib. 1, 1: dissimili linguā, Sall. C. 6, 2: linguā utrāque, i. e. Greek and Latin, Hor. S. 1, 10, 23; so, auctores utriusque linguae, Quint. prooem. 1; 1, 1, 14: Mithridates, cui duas et viginti linguas notas fuisse, id. 11, 2, 50: haud rudis Graecae linguae, Curt. 5, 11, 4; 5, 4, 4; Nep. Milt. 3, 2: Syrus in Tiberim Orontes et linguam et mores vexit, Juv. 3, 63.
        1. b. Dialect, idiom, mode of speech (post-Aug.): illis non verborum modo, sed. linguarum etiam se inter differentium copia est. Quint. 12, 10, 34: Crassus quinque Graeci sermonis differentias sic tenuit, ut, qua quisque apud eum linguā postulasset, eadem jus sibi redditum ferret, id. 11, 2, 50: utar enim historicā linguā, Sen. Q. N. 1, 13, 3: si philosophorum linguā uti voluissem, id. ib. 2, 2, 4.
      2. 3. Poet. of animals. the voice, note, song, bark, etc.: linguae volucrum, Verg. A. 3, 361; 10, 177: linguam praecludere (canis), Phaedr. 1, 22, 5.
      3. 4. An utterance, expression: lingua secretior, a dark saying, Quint. 1, 1, 35.
    2. B. Of tongue-shaped things.
      1. 1. A plant, also called lingulaca, Plin. 24, 19, 108, § 170.
      2. 2. Lingua bubula, a plant, oxtongue, bugloss, Cato, R. R. 40; Plin. 17, 14, 24, § 112.
      3. 3. Lingua canina, Cels. 5, 27, 18 init.; and lingua canis, App. Herb. 96, the plant hound’s-tongue, also called cynoglossos; q. v.
      4. 4. A tongue of land: id promontorium, Cujus lingua in altum proicit, Pac. ap. Gell. 4, 17 fin.: lingua in altum mille passuum excurrens, Liv. 37, 31, 9; Weissenb. ad Liv. 25, 15, 12: eminet in altum lingua, in qua urbs sita est, Liv. 44, 11: tenuem producit in aequora linguam, Luc. 2, 614; cf.: lingua dicitur promontorii genus non excellentis sed molliter in planum devexi, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll.
      5. 5. A spoonful, as a measure, Plin. 26, 11, 73, § 119 (al. lingulis).
      6. 6. The tongue or reed of a flute, Plin. 10, 29, 43, § 84.
      7. 7. The short arm of a lever: vectis lingua sub onus subdita, Vitr. 10, 8 (cf. ligula, VII.).

* linguārĭum, ĭi, n. [lingua], tonguemoney; a comic expression to denote a penalty for rash sayings: linguarium dare, Sen. Ben. 4, 36, 1.

linguātŭlus, a, um, adj. dim. [linguatus], somewhat gifted with a tongue, sub-eloquent, Tert. ad Nat. 1, 8.

linguātus, a, um, adj. [lingua], gifted with a tongue, eloquent (post-class.): civitas, Tert. Anim. 3; Vulg. Eccl. 8, 4; 25, 27.

* linguax, ācis, adj. [lingua], loquacious, Gell. 1, 15, 20.

lingŭla, v. ligula.

lingŭlāca, ae [lingula].

  1. I. Comm., a gossip, chatterbox: ea (uxor) lingulaca est nobis: numquam tacet, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 62: lingulacae obtrectatores, Varr. ap. Non. 26, 18; Gell. 1, 15.
  2. II. Fem.
    1. A. A kind of fish, a sole, Varr. L. L. 5, § 77; Paul. ex Fest. p. 117 Müll.
    2. B. A plant (perhaps Ranunculus lingua, Linn.), the marsh crowfoot, Plin. 25, 11, 84, § 133.

lingŭlātus, a, um, adj. [lingula], tongueshaped, lingulate: tubi, Vitr. 8, 7: calcei, Isid. Orig. 19, 34, 13.

lingŭlus, a, um, adj. [lingula], talkative, quarrelsome, Poët. ap. Wernsdorf. Poet. Lat. Min. 2, p. 237.

linguōsĭtas, ātis, f. [lingua], loquacity, (late Lat.), Rust. c. Aceph. init.

linguōsus, a, um, adj. [lingua], talkative, loquacious.

  1. I. Lit.: durae buccae fuit, linguosus, Petr. 43, 3; 63, 2: adulescentula, Hier. Ep. 108, n. 20.
  2. II. Transf., expressive: orchestarum linguosi digiti, Cassiod. Var. 4, 51.