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māter, tris, f. [root ma-; Sanscr. and Zend, to make, measure, like Gr. μήτηρ, the maker, akin with Dor. μάτηρ; Germ. Mutter; Engl. mother; cf.: materies, manus], a mother (dat. sing. matre, Corp. Inscr. Lat. 177; dat. plur. matris, Inscr. Grut. 90: matrabus, Inscr. Orell. 2089).

  1. I. Lit.: si quidem istius regis (sc. Anci Martii) matrem habemus, ignoramus patrem, Cic. Rep. 2, 18, 33: cur non sit heres matri suae? id. ib. 3, 10, 17: de pietate in matrem, id. Lael. 3, 11: Sassia mater hujus Aviti, id. Clu. 5, 12: Hecate, quae matre Asteria est, who has Asteria for her mother, id. N. D. 3, 18, 46: musa, matre nati, id. ib. 3, 18, 45: mater esse de aliquo, to be a mother, i. e. to be pregnant by any one, Ov. H. 9, 48: facere aliquam matrem, id. M. 9, 491: mater familias or familiae, the mistress of a house, matron (v. familia).
    1. B. Transf., a nurse: mater sua … quae mammam dabat, neque adeo mater ipsa, quae illos pepererat, Plaut. Men. prol. 19: puero opust cibo, opus est autem matri quae puerum lavit, id. Truc. 5 10: lambere matrem, Verg. A. 8, 632.
      As a title of honor, mother, applied to priestesses: jubemus te salvere, mater. Sa. Salvete puellae, Plaut. Rud. 1, 5, 5: amice benigneque honorem, mater, nostrum habes, id. ib. 1, 5, 30.
      To goddesses: Vesta mater, Sen. Excerpt. Contr. 4, 2; Verg. G. 1, 498: mater Matuta, v. h. v.: Flora mater, Lucr. 5, 739; the same: florum, Ov. F. 5, 183: mater magna, or absol.: Mater, i. e. Cybele, the mother of all the gods: matris magnae sacerdos, Cic. Sest. 26; cf. absol.: matris quate cymbala circum, Verg. G. 4, 64; id. A. 9, 108: secreta palatia Matris, Juv. 9, 23: matres … cives Romanae, ut jus liberorum consecutae videantur, Paul. Sent. 4, 9, 1: matris condicionem sequi, Gai. Inst. 1, 81; cf. §§ 67, 86.
      Also, in gen., a woman, a lady; usu. in plur., women, ladies: pilentis matres in mollibus, Verg. A. 8, 666: matres atque viri, id. ib. 6, 306; cf. Ov. F. 1, 619.
      Of the earth, as the mother of all: exercitum Dis Manibus matrique Terrae deberi, Liv. 8, 6; cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 56.
      Of a country: haec terra, quam matrem appellamus, Liv. 5, 54, 2: amorum, i. e. Venus, Ov. H. 16, 201: cupidinum, i. e. Venus, Hor. C. 1, 19, 1.
      Of animals: porci cum matribus, Varr. R. R. 2, 4: excretos prohibent a matribus haedos, Verg. G. 3, 398: ova assunt ipsis cum matribus, i. e. cum gallinis, Juv. 11, 70: mater simia, id. 10, 195: pullus hirundinis ad quem volat mater, id. 10, 232.
      Of the trunks of trees, etc.: plantas tenero abscindens de corpore matrum, Verg. G. 2, 23; Plin. 12, 5, 11, § 23.
      Of a fountain, as the source of waters: ex grandi palude oritur (fluvius), quam matrem ejus accolae appellant, Mel. 2, 1, 7.
      Of a chief or capital city: mater Italiae Roma, Flor. 3, 18, 5: ut Graeci dicere solent, urbium mater, Cydona, id. 3, 7, 4: (Cilicia) matrem urbium habet Tarsum, Sol. 38; cf. Metropolis.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. The mother, i. e. maternal love: simul matrem labare sensit, Ov. M. 6, 629: mater redit, Sen. ap. Med. 928.
    2. B. Motherhood, maternity, Sen. Herc. Oet. 389.
    3. C. A producing cause, origin, source, etc. (freq. and class.): apes mellis matres, Varr. R. R. 2, 5: mater omnium bonarum artium sapientia est, Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 58: philosophia mater omnium bene factorum, id. Brut. 93, 322: avaritiae mater, luxuries, id. de Or. 2, 40, 171: voluptas, malorum mater omnium, id. Leg. 1, 17, 47; 1, 22, 58; id. Tusc. 1, 26, 64; id. Planc. 33, 80; Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34; Plin. 37, 6, 21, § 80; Quint. 9, 3, 89: juris et religionis, Cic. Rep. 5, 2, 3: justitiae imbecillitas mater est, id. ib. 3, 14, 23: intemperantia omnium perturbationum mater, id. Ac. 1, 10, 39: similitudo est satietatis mater, id. Inv. 1, 41, 76: utilitas justi prope mater et aequi, Hor. S. 1, 3, 98; Lact. 3, 8, 32; Aug. in Psa. 83, 1.
      Comically: eam (sc. hirneam) ego vini ut matre fuerat natum, eduxi meri, i. e. as it came from the cask, without the addition of water, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 274.
    4. D. The protector, shelter, home: urbs Roma, virtutum omnium mater, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 5, 3, 1: illa Jerusalem quae est mater nostra, Vulg. Gal. 4, 26.

mātercŭla, ae, f. dim. [mater], a little mother (class.): tune igitur mea matercula? Plaut. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 601 P.: materculae suae festivus filius, * Cic. Fl. 36, 91; Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 7.

māterfămĭlĭas and māter fămĭ-lĭas, v. familia.

mātĕrĭa, ae (gen. materiāi, Lucr. 1, 1051), and mātĕrĭes, ēi (only in nom. and acc. sing., and once gen. plur. materierum, Lact. 2, 12, 1; v. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 383), f. [from same root with mater, q. v.], stuff, matter, materials of which any thing is composed; so the wood of a tree, vine, etc., timber for building (opp. lignum, wood for fuel); nutritive matter or substance for food (class.).

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.: materia rerum, ex qua et in qua sunt omnia, Cic. N. D. 3, 39, 92; cf. id. Ac. 1, 6, 7: materiam superabat opus, Ov. M. 2, 5: materiae apparatio, Vitr. 2, 8, 7: rudis, i. e. chaos, Luc. 2, 8; cf.: omnis fere materia nondum formata rudis appellatur, Cinc. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 265 Müll.: (arbor) inter corticem et materiem, Col. 5, 11, 4: crispa, Plin. 16, 28, 51, § 119: materiae longitudo, Col. 4, 24, 3: vitis in materiam, frondemque effunditur, id. 4, 21, 2: si nihil valet materies, Cic. de Or. 2, 21, 88: in eam insulam materiam, calcem, caementa, atque arma convexit, id. Mil. 27, 74: caesa, Col. 11, 2, 11; cf. Caes. B. G. 4, 17; 5, 39: cornus non potest videri materies propter exilitatem, sed lignum, Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 206: materiae, lignorum aggestus, Tac. A. 1, 35: videndum est ut materies suppetat scutariis, Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 35: proba materies est, si probum adhibes fabrum, id. Poen. 4, 2, 93: imprimebatur sculptura materiae anuli, sive ex ferro sive ex auro foret, Macr. S. 7, 13, 11.
      Plur.: deūm imagines mortalibus materiis in species hominum effingere, Tac. H. 5, 5.
      Of food: imbecillissimam materiam esse omnem caulem oleris, Cels. 2, 18, 39 sqq.; cf. of the means of subsistence: consumere omnem materiam, Ov. M. 8, 876; matter, in gen.: materies aliqua mala erat, Aug. Conf. 7, 5, 2.
      In abstract, matter, the material universe: Deus ex materia ortus est, aut materia ex Deo, Lact. 2, 8.
    2. B. Esp., matter of suppuration, pus, Cels. 3, 27, 4.
  2. II. Transf., a stock, race, breed: quod ex vetere materia nascitur, plerumque congeneratum parentis senium refert, Col. 7, 3, 15: generosa (equorum), id. 6, 27 init.
  3. III. Trop.
    1. A. The matter, subjectmatter, subject, topic, ground, theme of any exertion of the mental powers, as of an art or science, an oration, etc.: materiam artis eam dicimus in qua omnis ars et facultas, quae conficitur ex arte, versatur. Ut si medicinae materiam dicamus morbos ac vulnera, quod in his omnis medicina versetur; item quibus in rebus versatur ars et facultas oratoria, eas res materiam artis rhetoricae nominamus, Cic. Inv. 1, 5, 17: quasi materia, quam tractet, et in qua versetur, subjecta est veritas, id. Off. 1, 5, 16: est enim deformitatis et corporis vitiorum satis bella materies ad jocandum, id. de Or. 2, 59, 239; 1, 11, 49; id. Rosc. Com. 32, 89; id. Div. 2, 4, 12: sermonum, id. Q. Fr 1, 2, 1: materies crescit mihi, my matter (for writing about) increases, id. Att. 2, 12, 3: rei. id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1: aequa viribus, a subject suited to your powers, Hor. A. P. 38: infames, Gell. 17, 12, 1: extra materiam juris, the province, Gai. Inst. 2, 191.
    2. B. A cause, occasion, source, opportunity (cf. mater, II.): quid enim odisset Clodium Milo segetem ac materiam suae gloriae? Cic. Mil. 13, 35 (for which shortly before: fons perennis gloriae suae): materies ingentis decoris, Liv. 1, 39, 3: non praebiturum se illi eo die materiam, id. 3, 46, 3: major orationis, id. 35, 12, 10: criminandi, id. 3, 31, 4: omnium malorum, Sall. C. 10: materiam invidiae dare, Cic. Phil. 11, 9, 21: materiam bonitati dare, id. de Or. 2, 84, 342: scelerum, Just. 3, 2, 12: seditionis, id. 11, 5, 3: laudis, Luc. 8, 16: benefaciendi, Plin. Pan. 38: ne quid materiae praeberet Neroni, occasion of jealousy, Suet. Galb. 9: epistolae, quae materiam sermonibus praebuere, Tac. H. 4, 4: praebere materiam causasque jocorum, Juv. 3, 147: materiamque sibi ducis indulgentia quaerit, id. 7, 21.
    3. C. Natural abilities, talents, genius, disposition: fac, fuisse in isto C. Laelii, M. Catonis materiem atque indolem, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 68, § 160: in animis humanis, id. Inv. 1, 2, 2: materiam ingentis publice privatimade decoris omni indulgentia nostra nutriamus, Liv. 1, 39, 3: ad cupiditatem, id. 1, 46; Quint. 2, 4, 7.
      Hence, one’s nature, natural character: non sum materia digna perire tua, thy unfeeling disposition, Ov. H. 4, 86.
    4. D. A subject, argument, course of thought, topic (post-Aug.): tertium diem esse, quod omni labore materiae ad scribendum destinatae non inveniret exordium, Quint. 10, 3, 14: argumentum plura significat … omnem ad scribendum destinatam materiam ita appellari, id. 5, 10, 9: video non futurum finem in ista materia ullum, nisi quem ipse mihi fecero, Sen. Ep. 87, 11: pulcritudinem materiae considerare, Plin. Ep. 3, 13, 2; 2, 5, 5: materiam ex titulo cognosces, id. ib. 5, 13, 3 al. (materies animi est, materia arboris; et materies qualitas ingenii, materia fabris apta, Front. II. p. 481 Mai.; but this distinction is not observed by class. writers).

mātĕrĭālis, e, adj. [materia], of or belonging to matter, material (post-class.): influxio, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 12, 7; 10; Ambros. de Virg. 3, 1, 1.
Hence, adv.: mā-tĕrĭālĭter, according to the occasion (postclass.): in pectore viri iracundia materialiter regnans. Sid. Ep. 8, 11.

mātĕrĭārĭus, a, um, adj. [materia], of or belonging to stuff, matter, wood, timber.

  1. I. In gen. (ante-class. and post-Aug.): fabrica, carpentry, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 198: FABER, a carpenter, Inscr. Grut. 642, 6: NEGOCIATOR, a timber-merchant, Inscr. Orell. 4248.
    Also subst.
    1. B. mātĕrĭārĭus, ii, m. (sc. negotiator), a timber-merchant: si non hos materiarius remoratur, Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 45: CLAVORVM, a maker of wooden nails, Inscr. Orell. 4164.
  2. II. In partic.: haeretici materiarii, in eccl. Lat., those who believed in the eternity of matter, Tert. adv. Hermog. 25.
    1. B. mātĕrĭārĭa, ae, f. (sc. negotiatio), the trade in timber, Paul. ex Fest. p. 27, 11 Müll.

* mātĕrĭātĭo, ōnis, f. [materia], woodwork, as beams, rafters, etc., Vitr. 4, 2, 1.

* mātĕrĭātūra, ae, f. [materia], a working in wood: materiatura fabrilis, carpenter’s work, Vitr. 4, 2, 2.

mātĕrĭes, ēi, v. materia.

* mātĕrīnus, a, um, adj. [materia], hard, solid: terra, Cato, R. R. 34, 2 dub.

mātĕrĭo (no perf.), ātum, 1, v. a. [materia], to build of wood (rare but class.): eaque aedificia minime sunt materianda propter incendia, Vitr. 5, 12, 7: aedes male materiatae, of bad wood-work, Cic. Off. 3, 13, 54.

mātĕrĭŏla, ae, f. dim. [materia], a small matter (post-class.), Tert. Baptism. 17.

* mātĕrĭor, āri, v. dep. [materia], to fell or procure wood: erat eo tempore et materiari et frumentari necesse, Caes. B. G. 7, 73 init.

‡ mātĕrĭōsus, πολύϋλος (multam materiam habens), Gloss. Philox.

†† matĕris or matăris (madăris), is, and matăra, ae, f. [Celtic], a Celtic javelin, pike: nonnulli inter carros rotasque mataras ac tragulas subiciebant nostrosque vulnerabant, Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 3: humero matari trajecto, Liv. 7, 24, 3: materis Transalpina, Auct. Her. 4, 32, 43: Galli materibus configunt, Sisenn. ap. Non. 556, 8; id. ib. 9.

1. māternus, a, um, adj. [mater], of or belonging to a mother, maternal (class.): sanguis, Enn. ap. Non. 292, 16 (Trag. v. 184 Vahl.): paternus maternusque sanguis, Cic. Rosc. Am. 24, 66: animus, Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 24: nomen, Cic. Clu. 5, 12: menses, the months of pregnancy, Nemes. Cyn. 19: tempora, time of pregnancy, Ov. M. 3, 312: Caesar cingens maternā tempora myrto, i. e. of Venus, the mother of Æneas, from whom sprang the race of the Cæsars, Verg. G. 1, 28: arma (Aeneae), i. e. which his mother Venus had obtained for him from Vulcan, id. A. 12, 107: aves, i. e. the doves sacred to Venus, id. ib. 6, 193: avus, i. e. Atlas, the father of Maia, the mother of Mercury, id. ib. 4, 258: Delum maternam invisit Apollo, i. e. where his mother Latona had borne him, id. ib. 144: aequora, i. e. from which she (Venus) was born, Ov. F. 4, 131: Numa, related by the mother’s side, id. P. 3, 2, 105; cf.: an ad maternos Latinos hoc senatus consultum pertineat, Gai. Inst. 3, 71: nobilitas, by the mother’s side, Verg. A. 11, 340: Idus, i. e. of May (Mercury’s birthday), Mart. 7, 71 5
Of animals: ut agnus condiscat maternum trahere alimentum, Col. 7, 3: perdix materna vacans cura, Plin. 10, 33, 51, § 103.

2. Māternus, i, m., a Roman surname: Curiatius Maternus, Tac. Or. 2.

mātertĕra, ae, f. [for materitera, mater and an obsol. fem. noun found in neutr. i-terum; cf. al-tera, a second mother],

  1. I. a mother’s sister, an aunt by the mother’s side: amita est patris soror: matertera est matris soror, Dig. 38, 10, 10, § 4; cf. ib. § 5: mea matertera (anulum gestitavit), Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 4; Cic. Div. 1, 46, 104; id. de Or. 2, 1, 2; Ov. M. 3, 312: materteram uxorem ducere non licet, Gai. Inst. 1, 62; Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 6, 2, 2.
  2. II. Esp.
    1. A. Magna, i. e. aviae soror, Dig. 38, 10, 1, § 15; cf.: matertera patris et matris, mihi magna matertera est, Paul. ex Fest. p. 136 Müll.
    2. B. Major, i. e. soror proaviae, Dig. 38, 10, 1, § 16.
    3. C. Maxima, i. e. abaviae soror, Dig. 38, 10, 1, § 17.