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bŏnus (old form dŭonus, Carm. Sall. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Müll.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 67 Müll.), a, um, adj. [for duonus, cf. bellum, bis, and cf. root dvi-; hence δείδω, δέος], good; comp. melior, us [cf. Gr. μάλα, μᾶλλον], better; sup. optimus (optu-mus, ante-class. and often class.) [root opof ops, opes; cf. copia, apiscor], best.

  1. I. Attributively.
    1. A. As adjunct of nouns denoting persons.
      1. 1. Vir bonus.
          1. (α) A man morally good (καλὸς κἀγαθός): quoniam boni me viri pauperant, improbi alunt, Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 60: omnibus virtutibus instructos et ornatos tum sapientes, tum viros bonos dicimus, Cic. Tusc. 5, 10, 28: ille vir bonus qui … intolerabili dolore lacerari potius quam aut officium prodat aut fidem, id. Ac. 2, 8, 23: sive vir bonus est is qui prodest quibus potest, nocet nemini, certe istum virum bonum non facile reperimus, id. Off. 3, 15, 64: qui se ita gerunt ut eorum probitas, fides, integritas, etc. … hos viros bonos … appellandos putemus, id. Lael. 5, 19: non intellegunt se de callido homine loqui, non de bono viro, id. Att. 7, 2, 4: ut quisque est vir optimus, ita difficillime esse alios improbos suspicatur, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 4, § 12: nec enim melior vir fuit Africano quisquam, nec clarior, id. Lael. 2, 6; id. Leg. 1, 14, 41; 1, 18, 48; id. Planc. 4, 9; id. Par. 3, 1, 21; id. Marcell. 6, 20; id. Fam. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 16, 57.
          2. (β) An honest man: justitia, ex quā viri boni nominantur, Cic. Off. 1, 7, 21; 1, 44, 155; 2, 11, 39; 2, 12, 42; 2, 20, 71; 3, 12, 50: cum is sponsionem fecisset ni vir bonus esset, id. ib. 3, 19, 77: quoniam Demosthenes nec vir bonus esset, nec bene meritus de civitate, id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 40, 116.
          3. (γ) A man of good standing in the community: id viri boni arbitratu deducetur, Cato, R. R. 143; so id. ib. 149: tuam partem viri bono arbitratu … dari oportet, Dig. 17, 1, 35; 37, 6, 2, § 2: quem voles virum bonum nominato, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55: vir bonus est … quo res sponsore, et quo causae teste tenentur, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 40.
            Hence, ironically of wealthy men: praetores jus dicunt, aediles ludos parant, viri boni usuras perscribunt, Cic. Att. 9, 12, 3.
          4. (δ) Ironically of bad men: sed eccum lenonem Lycum, bonum virum, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 52; Ter. Eun. 5, 3, 9; 4, 3, 18; id. Ad. 3, 4, 30: expectabam quinam isti viri boni testes hujus manifesto deprehensi veneni dicerentur, Cic. Cael. 26, 63: nam socer ejus, vir multum bonus est, id. Agr. 3, 3, 13; so especially in addresses (mostly comic.): age tu, illuc procede, bone vir! Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 1; id. Curc. 5, 2, 12; id. Ps. 4, 7, 48; id. Pers. 5, 2, 11; Ter. And. 3, 5, 10; 5, 2, 5; id. Ad. 4, 2, 17; id. Eun. 5, 2, 11: quid tu, vir optime? Ecquid habes quod dicas? Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104.
            (ε) Sometimes boni viri = boni, in the sense of optimates (v. I. A. 3.): bonis viris quid juris reliquit tribunatus C. Gracchi? Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 20.
            (ζ) As a conventional courtesy: homines optimi non intellegunt, etc., Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 25: bone accusator, id. Rosc. Am. 21, 58: sic illum amicum vocasti, quomodo omnes candidatos bonos viros dicimus, gentlemen, Sen. Ep. 3, 1.
            For bonus vir, a good husband, v. 3.; and for vir optimus, as a laudatory epithet, v. 5.
      2. 2. Boni homines (rare) = boni, better classes of society, v. II. A. 3: in foro infimo boni homines atque dites ambulant, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14.
      3. 3. With nouns denoting persons in regard to their functions, offices, occupations, and qualities, denoting excellence: bonus consul, Liv. 4, 40, 6; 22, 39, 2 (different: consules duos, bonos quidem, sed dumtaxat bonos, amisimus, consuls of good sentiments, almost = bad consuls, Cic. ad Brut. 1, 3, 4): boni tribuni plebis, Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 25: bonus senator, id. Prov. Cons. 15, 37: senator bonus, id. Dom. 4, 8: bonus judex, id. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 34: bonus augur (ironically), id. Phil. 2, 32, 80: bonus vates, Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 27: bonus imperator, Sall. C. 60, 4: bonus dux, Quint. 12, 1, 43 (cf. trop.: naturam, optimam ducem, the best guide, Cic. Sen. 2, 5): bonus miles, Sall. C. 60, 4; Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5: bonus orator, Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10: optimus orator, id. Opt. Gen. 1, 3: poëta bonus, id. de Or. 1, 3, 11; 2, 46, 194; id. Fin. 1, 3, 10: scriptor bonus, Quint. 10, 1, 104: bonus advocatus, id. 5, 13, 10: bonus defensor, id. 5, 13, 3: bonus altercator, a good debater, id. 6, 4, 10: bonus praeceptor, id. 5, 13, 44; 10, 5, 22: bonus gubernator, Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 100: optimus opifex, Hor. S. 1, 3, 133: sutor bonus, id. ib. 1, 3, 125: actor optimus, Cic. Sest. 57, 122: cantor optimus est modulator, Hor. S. 1, 3, 130: melior gladiator, Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 33: agricola (colonus, dominus) bonus, Cato, R. R. prooem.; Cic. Sen. 16, 56: bonus paterfamilias, a thrifty head of the house, Nep. Att. 13, 1: bonus servus, Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 58; id. Am. 2, 1, 46; id. Men. 5, 6, 1; Cic. Mil. 22, 58: dominus bonus, Cato, R. R. 14: bonus custos, Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38.
        Ironically, Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 57: filius bonus, Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 9: patres, Quint. 11, 3, 178: parens, id. 6, prooem. 4: bonus (melior, optimus), viz. a good husband, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 51 sq.; Liv. 1, 9, 15: uxor melior, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: amicus, id. Fam. 2, 15, 3: amicus optimus, Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 18: optimus testis, Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2: auctor, in two senses, good authority, id. Att. 5, 12, 3; and = bonus scriptor (post-class.), Quint. 10, 1, 74.
        Esp.: bonus civis (rarely civis bonus): in re publicā ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint: talem enim solemus et sentire bonum civem et dicere, Cic.-Off. 1, 34, 124: eaque est summa ratio et sapientia boni civis, commoda civium non divellere, atque omnes aequitate eādem continere, id. ib. 2, 23, 83: eum esse civem et fidelem et bonum, Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 15; Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; 1, 9, 10; 3, 12, 1; 6, 6, 11; id. Off. 1, 44, 155; Liv. 22, 39, 3; Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 10 Dietsch: optimus et fortissimus civis, Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3; id. Sest. 17, 39.
      4. 4. Bonus and optimus as epithets of the gods.
          1. (α) In gen.: sed te bonus Mercurius perdat, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23: fata … bonique divi, Hor. C. 4, 2, 38: divis orte bonis, id. ib. 4, 5, 1: O bone deus! Scrib. Comp. 84 fin.: BONORVM DEORVM, Inscr. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84: totidem, pater optime, dixi, Tu mihi da cives, referring to Jupiter, Ov. M. 7, 627.
          2. (β) Optimus Maximus, a standing epithet of Jupiter: (Juppiter) a majoribus nostris Optimus Maximus (nominatur), et quidem ante optimus, id est beneficentissimus, quam Maximus, Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 64: Jovem optimum et maximum ob eas res appellant, non quod, etc., id. ib. 3, 36, 87: in templo Jovis Optimi Maximi, id. Sest. 56, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 22: nutu Jovis Optimi Maximi, id. Cat. 3, 9, 21; Liv. 1, 12, 7; id. 6, 16, 2.
          3. (γ) Di boni, O di boni, expressing indignation, sorrow, or surprise: di boni, hunc visitavi antidhac! Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 16: di boni, boni quid porto! Ter. And. 2, 2, 1: di boni, quid hoc morbi est, id. Eun. 2, 1, 19; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 13; id. Ad. 3, 3, 86: alter, O di boni, quam taeter incedebat! Cic. Sest. 8, 19; id. Brut. 84, 288; id. Phil. 2, 8, 20; 2, 32, 80; id. Att. 1, 16, 5; 14, 21, 2; Val. Max. 3, 5, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 2, 3.
          4. (δ) Bona Dea, etc., v. 6.
      5. 5. Optimus as a laudatory epithet.
          1. (α) Vir optimus: per vos nobis, per optimos viros optimis civibus periculum inferre conantur, Cic. Sest. 1, 2: virum optimum et constantissimum M. Cispium, id. ib. 35, 76: fratrem meum, virum optimum, fortissimum, id. ib.: consolabor hos praesentes, viros optimos, id. Balb. 19, 44; id. Planc. 21, 51; 23, 55; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Marcell. 4, 10; id. Att. 5, 1, 5; Hor. S. 1, 6, 53.
          2. (β) Femina bona, optima: tua conjunx bona femina, Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16: hujus sanctissimae feminae atque optimae pater, id. ib.
          3. (γ) Senex, pater, frater, etc.: optimus: parentes ejus, prudentissimi atque optimi senis, Cic. Planc. 41, 97: insuevit pater optimus hoc me, Hor. S. 1, 4, 105; 2, 1, 12: C. Marcelli, fratris optimi, Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 6; id. Q. Fr. 2, 6 (8), 2; 2, 4, 2.
          4. (δ) With proper names (poet.): optimus Vergilius, Hor. S. 1, 6, 54: Maecenas optimus, id. ib. 1, 5, 27: optime Quinti, id. Ep. 1, 16, 1.
            (ε) Esp. as an epithet of the Roman emperors: quid tam civile, tam senatorium quam illud, additum a nobis Optimi cognomen? Plin. Pan. 2, 7: gratias, inquit, ago, optime Princeps! Sen. Tranq. 14. 4: ex epistulā optimi imperatoris Antonini, Gai. Inst. 1, 102; cf.: bene te patriae pater optime Caesar, Ov. F. 2, 637: optime Romulae Custos gentis, Hor. C. 4, 5, 1.
      6. 6. Bonus and Bona, names of deities.
          1. (α) Bona Dea, the goddess of Chastity, whose temple could not be entered by males (cf. Macr. S. 1, 12; Lact. 1, 22): Bonae Deae pulvinaribus, Cic. Pis. 39, 95; id. Mil. 31, 86; id. Fam. 1, 9, 15; cf. in mal. part., Juv. 2, 86 sq.; 6, 314 sq.; 6, 335 sq.
          2. (β) Bonus Eventus, Varr. R. R. 1, 1 med.; Amm. 29, 6, 19; Inscr. Orell. 907; 1780 sq.
          3. (γ) Bona Fortuna: si bona Fortuna veniat, ne intromiseris, Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 22: Bonae Fortunae (signum), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 7: FORTVNAE BONAE DOMESTICAE, Inscr. Orell. 1743 sq.
          4. (δ) Bona Spes: Spes Bona, obsecro, subventa mihi, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 12: BONAE SPEI, Aug. Inscr. Grut. 1075, 1.
            (ε) BONA MENS, Inscr. Orell. 1818 sqq.: Mens Bona, si qua dea es, tua me in sacraria dono, Prop. 3, 24, 19.
    2. B. With nouns denoting things.
      1. 1. Things concrete, denoting excellence: navis bona dicitur non quae pretiosis coloribus picta est … sed stabilis et firma, Sen. Ep. 76, 13: gladium bonum dices, non cui auratus est balteus, etc., sed cui et ad secandum subtilis acies est, et, etc., id. ib. 76, 14: id vinum erit lene et bono colore, Cato, R. R. 109; Lucr. 2, 418; Ov. Am. 2, 7, 9: tabulas … collocare in bono lumine, Cic. Brut. 75, 261: ex quāvis oleā oleum … bonum fieri potest. Cato, R. R. 3: per aestatem boves aquam bonam et liquidam bibant semper curato, id. ib. 73; cf.: bonae aquae, ironically compared to wine, Prop. 2, 33 (3, 31), 28: praedium bonum caelum habeat, good temperature, Cato, R. R. 1: bonā tempestate, in good weather, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4: (praedium) solo bono valeat, by good soil, Cato, R. R. 1: bonae (aedes) cum curantur male, Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 24: villam bonam, Cic. Off. 3, 13, 55: bonus pons, Cat. 17, 5: scyphi optimi (= optime facti), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 32: perbona toreumata, id. ib. 2, 4, 18, § 38: bona domicilia, comfortable residences, id. N. D. 2, 37, 95: agrum Meliorem nemo habet, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12: fundum meliorem, Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52: fundos optimos et fructuosissimos, id. Agr. 3, 4, 14: equus melior, id. Inv. 1, 31, 52: bona cena, Cat. 13, 3: boni nummi, good, not counterfeit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 144; Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91: super omnia vultus accessere boni, good looks, Ov. M. 8, 678: mulier bonā formā, of a fine form, Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 13: equus formae melioris, Hor. S. 2, 7, 52: tam bona cervix, simul ac jussero, demetur, fine, beautiful, Suet. Calig. 33: fruges bonae, Cat. 34, 19: ova suci melioris, of better flavor, Hor. S. 2, 4, 13.
        Trop.: animus aequus optimum est aerumnae condimentum, Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 71: bona dextra, a lucky hand (cf.: bonum omen, 2. e.), Quint. 6, 3, 69: scio te bonā esse voce, ne clama nimis, good, sound, loud voice, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 43; so, bona firmaque vox, Quint. 11, 3, 13.
      2. 2. Things abstract.
        1. a. Of physical well-being: ut si qui neget sine bonā valetudine posse bene vivi, Cic. Inv. 1, 51, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 2; Lucr. 3, 102; Val. Max. 2, 5, 6; Quint. 10, 3, 26; 11, 2, 35 et saep.: non bonus somnus de prandio est, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 8: bona aetas, prime of life, Cic. Sen. 14, 48: optimā aetate, id. Fam. 10, 3, 3.
          Ironically: bonā, inquis, aetate, etc., Sen. Ep. 76, 1.
        2. b. Of the mind and soul: meliore esse sensu, Cic. Sest. 21, 47: optima indoles, id. Fin. 5, 22, 61: bona conscientia, Quint. 6, 1, 33; 9, 2, 93; Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 5: bono ingenio me esse ornatam quam auro multo mavolo, with a good heart, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 91; id. Stich. 1, 21, 59; Sall. C. 10, 5: mens melior, Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 78; Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13; Liv. 39, 16, 5; Sen. Ben. 1, 11, 4; id. Ep. 10, 4; Pers. 2, 8; Petr. 61.
          Personified, Prop. 3 (4), 24, 19; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 31: duos optimae indolis filios, Val. Max. 5, 7, 2; Sen. Ben. 6, 16, 6; Quint. 1, 2, 5: bonum consilium, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 6; id. Rud. 4, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121: bona voluntas, a good purpose, Quint. 12, 11, 31: memoria bona, Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2: bona ratio cum perditā … confligit, id. Cat. 2, 11, 25: bonae rationes, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 50: pronuntiatio bona, Auct. Her. 3, 15, 27.
        3. c. Of moral relations: ego si bonam famam mihi servasso, sat ero dives, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71; Cic. Sest. 66, 139; Liv. 6, 11, 7; Hor. S. 1, 2, 61 (cf. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1; v. e. infra): si ego in causā tam bonā cessi tribuni plebis furori, Cic. Sest. 16, 36; id. Planc. 36, 87; Ov. M. 5, 220: fac, sis, bonae frugi sies, of good, regular habits, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 35; id. Cas. 2, 4, 5; 2, 5, 19; id. Ps. 1, 5, 53; id. Truc. 1, 1, 13; id. Capt. 5, 2, 3 sq. (v. frux, II. B. 1. β.): vilicus disciplinā bonā utatur. Cato, R. R. 5: bona studia, moral pursuits, Auct. Her. 4, 17, 25: quidquid vitā meliore parasti, Hor. S. 2, 3, 15: ad spem mortis melioris, an honorable death; so as an epithet of religious exercises: Juppiter, te bonas preces precor, Cato, R. R. 134; 139.
        4. d. Of external, artistic, and literary value and usefulness: bono usui estis nulli, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 15: Optumo optume optumam operam das, id. Am. 1, 1, 122: bonam dedistis mihi operam, a valuable service to me, id. Poen. 2, 3, 70; 3, 6, 11; id. Pers. 4, 7, 11; id. Rud. 3, 6, 11 (in a different sense: me bonā operā aut malā Tibi inventurum esse auxilium argentarium, by fair or unfair means, id. Ps. 1, 1, 102; v. e. infra): optima hereditas a patribus traditur liberis … gloria virtutis rerumque gestarum, Cic. Off. 1, 33, 121: bonum otium, valuable leisure, Sall. C. 4, 1: bonis versibus, Cic. Ac. 2, 23, 74: versus meliores, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 81: meliora poemata, Hor. A. P. 303: in illā pro Ctesiphonte oratione longe optimā, Cic. Or. 8, 26: optimas fabulas, id. Off. 1, 31, 114: melius munus, id. Ac. 1, 2, 7.
        5. e. Favorable, prosperous, lucky, fortunate: de Procilio rumores non boni, unfavorable rumors, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 5: bona de Domitio, praeclara de Afranio fama est, about their success in the war, id. ib. 7, 26, 1: si fuisset in discipulo comparando meliore fortunā, id. Pis. 29, 71; cf. fortunā optimā esse, to be in the best pecuniary circumstances, id. ad Brut. 1, 1, 2: occasio tam bona, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 9: senex est eo meliore condicione quam adulesoens cum, etc., Cic. Sen. 19, 68; id. Fam. 4, 32: bona navigatio, id. N. D. 3, 34, 83; esp. in phrase bona spes.
          Object.: ergo in iis adulescentibus bonam spem esse dicemus et magnam indolem quos, etc., Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117.
          Subject.: ego sum spe bonā, Cic. Fam. 12, 28, 3; id. Cat. 2, 11, 25; id. Att. 14, 1 a, 3; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 16: optimā spe, id. Fam. 12, 11, 2.
          Pregn., = spes bonarum rerum, Sall. C. 21, 1; v. C. 1. c. infra: meliora responsa, more favorable, Liv. 7, 21, 6: melior interpretatio, Tac. H. 3, 65: cum laude et bonis recordationibus, id. A. 4, 38: amnis Doctus iter melius, i. e. less injurious, Hor. A. P. 68: omen bonum, a good, lucky omen, Cic. Pis. 13, 31; cf. Liv. praef. § 13: melius omen, Ov. F. 1, 221; optimum, Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 2: bona scaeva, Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 24: auspicio optumo, id. ib. 3, 2, 6; cf.: memini bene, sed meliore Tempore dicam = opportuniore tempore, Hor. S. 1, 9, 68.
        6. f. Of public affairs, si mihi bonā re publicā frui non licuerit, Cic. Mil. 34, 93: optima res publica, id. Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Phil. 1, 8, 19: minus bonis temporibus, id. Dom. 4, 8; so, optimis temporibus, id. Sest. 3, 6: nostrae res meliore loco videbantur, id. ad Brut. 1, 3, 1: lex optima, id. Pis. 16, 37; id. Sest. 64, 137; id. Phil, 1, 8, 19.
        7. g. Good = large, considerable: bono atque amplo lucro, Plaut. Am. prol. 6: bona librorum copia, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 109; cf.: bona copia cornu, Ov. M. 9, 88; v. bona pars, C. 8. γ.
        8. h. Noble; with genus, good family, noble extraction, honorable birth: quali me arbitraris genere prognatum? Eu. Bono, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 35; so id. Ep. 1, 2, 4; 2, 1, 3; id. Pers. 4, 4, 94: si bono genere natus sit, Auct. Her. 3, 7, 13.
        9. k. Referring to good-will, kindness, faithfulness, in certain phrases.
          1. (α) Bonā veniā or cum bonā veniā, with the kind permission of a person addressed, especially bonā veniā orare, expetere, etc.: primum abs te hoc bonā veniā expeto, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 31: bonā tuā veniā dixerim, Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34: orāvit bonā veniā Quirites, ne, etc., Liv. 7, 41, 3: obsecro vos.. bonā veniā vestrā liceat, etc., id. 6, 40, 10: cum bonā veniā quaeso audiatis, etc., id. 29, 17, 6; Arn. c. Gent. 1, p. 5; cf.. sed des veniam bonus oro = veniā bonā oro, Hor. S. 2, 4, 5.
          2. (β) Bona pax, without quarrelling: bona pax sit potius, let us have no quarrel about that, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 7; so especially cum bonā pace, or bonā pace: Hannibal ad Alpis cum bonā pace incolentium … pervenit, without a difficulty with the inhabitants, Liv. 21, 32, 6; 21, 24, 5; 1, 24, 3; 28, 37, 4; 8, 15, 1; cf.: si bonam (pacem) dederitis, = a fair peace, under acceptable conditions, id. 8, 21, 4.
          3. (γ) Amicitia bona = bonā fide servata, faithful, undisturbed friendship: igitur amicitia Masinissae bona atque honesta nobis permansit, Sall. J. 5, 5.
          4. (δ) Bona societas, alliance: Segestes, memoriā bonae societatis, impavidus, Tac. A. 1, 58.
    3. C. In particular phrases.
      1. 1. Bonae res.
        1. a. = Vitae commoda, comforts of life, abstract or concrete: concedatur bonis rebus homines morte privari, Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 87: optimis rebus usus est, he had every most desirable thing, Nep. Att. 18, 1.
        2. b. = Res secundae, opp. res adversae, prosperity: bonis rebus tuis, meas irrides malas, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 45: in bonis rebus, Hor. C. 2, 3, 2.
        3. c. Res bona = res familiaris bona, wealth (poet.): in re bonā esse, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4.
          Also an object of value: homines quibus mala abunde omnia erant, sed neque res neque spes bona ulla, who had no property, nor the hope of any, Sall. C. 21, 1.
        4. d. Costly things, articles of luxury: capere urbem in Arabiā plenam bonarum rerum, Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 46; 4, 4, 82: nimium rei bonae, id. Stich. 2, 3, 55: ignorantia bonarum rerum, Nep. Ages. 8, 5’ bonis rebus gaudere, Hor. S. 2, 6, 110: re bonā copiosum esse, Gell. 16, 19, 7.
        5. e. Moral, morally good: illi cum res non bonas tractent, Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 72: ut de virtutibus et vitiis, omninoque de bonis rebus et malis quaererent, id. ib. 1, 4, 15: quid habemus in rebus bonis et malis explorati? id. ib. 2, 42, 129; so id. Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Leg. 1, 22, 58: quae tamen omnia dulciora fuint et moribus bonis et artibus, id. Sen. 18, 65.
        6. f. In literary composition, important or interesting matter, subjects, or questions: res bonas verbis electis dictas quis non legat? Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 8: studiis generorum, praesertim in re bonā, Plaut. Am. 8, 26.
      2. 2. Bonae artes.
          1. (α) A good, laudable way of dealing: qui praeclari facinoris aut artis bonae famam quaerit, Sall. C. 2, 9: huic bonae artes desunt, dolis atque fallaciis contendit, id. ib. 11, 2: quod is bonarum artium cupiens erat, Tac. A. 6, 46.
          2. (β) Liberal arts and sciences: litteris aut ulli bonae arti, Quint. 12, 1, 7: conservate civem bonarum artium, bonarum partium, bonorum virorum, Cic. Sest. 32, 77.
            Esp.: optimae artes: optimarum artium scientia, Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 4; id. Ac. 2, 1, 1; id. Cael. 10, 24; id. Marcell. 1, 4.
      3. 3. Bona fides, or fides bona.
        1. a. Good faith, i. e. conscious honesty in acts or words: qui nummos fide bonā solvit, who pays (the price of labor) in good faith, i. e. as it is honestly earned, Cato, R. R. 14: dic, bonā fide, tu id aurum non subripuisti? Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46; 4, 10, 47; id. Capt. 4, 2, 111; id. Most. 3, 1, 137; id. Poen. 1, 3, 30; id. Pers. 4, 3, 16; id. Ps. 4, 6, 33: si tibi optimā fide omnia concessit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144; Quint. 10, 3, 23.
          Hence, bonae fidei vir, a conscientious man, Quint. 10, 7, 1.
        2. b. Jurid. t. t.
          1. (α) Good faith in contracts and legal acts in general, opposed to dolus malus, honesty and fairness in dealing with another: ad fidem bonam statuit pertinere, notum esse emptori vitium quod nosset venditor, Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67.
            Hence, alienam rem bonā fide emere, to buy, believing the seller to be the rightful owner, Dig. 41, 3, 10; 41, 3, 13, § 1. bonae fidei possessor (also possessio), believing that he is the rightful owner, ib. 5, 3, 25, § 11; 5, 3, 22; 41, 3, 15, § 2; 41, 3, 24: conventio contra bonam fidem et mores bonos, ib. 16, 31, § 7: bonam fidem praestare, to be responsible for one’s good faith, ib. 17, 1, 10 prooem.
            Hence,
          2. (β) Bonae fidei actiones or judicia, actions in equity, i. e. certain classes of actions in which the strict civil law was set aside by the prætorian edict in favor of equity: actiones quaedam bonae fidei sunt, quaedam stricti juris. Bonae fidei sunt haec: exempto vendito, locato conducto, etc., Just. Inst. 4, 6, 28, § 19.
            In the republican time the prætor added in such actions to his formula for the judex the words ex fide bonā, or, in full: quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bonā, Cic. Off. 3, 16, 66: iste dolus malus et legibus erat vindicatus, et sine lege, judiciis in quibus additur ex fide bonā, id. ib. 3, 15, 61; cf. id. ib. 3, 17, 70.
      4. 4. Bona verba.
          1. (α) Kind words: Bona verba quaeso, Ter. And. 1, 2, 33.
          2. (β) Words of good omen (v. omen): dicamus bona verba, Tib. 2, 2, 1: dicite suffuso ter bona verba mero, Ov. F. 2, 638.
          3. (γ) Elegant or well-chosen expressions: quid est tam furiosum quam verborum vel optimorum atque ornatissimorum sonitus inanis, Cic. Or. 1, 12, 51: verborum bonorum cursu, id. Brut. 66, 233: omnia verba sunt alicubi optima, Quint. 10, 1, 9.
          4. (δ) Moral sayings: non est quod contemnas bona verba et bonis cogitationibus plena praecordia, Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 1.
      5. 5. Bona dicta.
          1. (α) Polite, courteous language: hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit leniter dictis bonis, Plaut. Am. prol. 25.
          2. (β) Witticisms (bon-mots): flammam a sapiente facilius ore in ardente opprimi, quam bona dicta teneat, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 2, 54, 222: dico unum ridiculum dictum de dictis melioribus quibus solebam menstruales epulas ante adipiscier, Plaut. Capt. 3, 1, 22: ibo intro ad libros ut discam de dictis melioribus, id. Stich. 2, 3, 75.
      6. 6. Bona facta.
          1. (α) = bene facta (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.), laudable deeds: nobilitas ambobus et majorum bona facta (sc. erant), Tac. A. 3, 40.
          2. (β) Bonum factum est, colloq., = bene est, bene factum est (v. bene, I. B. 2. b.): bonum factum est, ut edicta servetis mea, Plaut. Poen. prol. 16: haec imperata quae sunt pro imperio histrico, bonum hercle factum (est) pro se quisque ut meminerit, id. ib. 45.
            Hence,
          3. (γ) Elliptically, introducing commands which cannot be enforced, = if you will do so, it will be well: peregrinis in senatum allectis, libellus propositus est: bonum factum, ne quis senatori novo curiam monstrare velit, Suet. Caes. 80: et Chaldaeos edicere: bonum factum, ne Vitellius … usquam esset, id. Vit. 14: hac die Carthaginem vici: bonum factum, in Capitolium eamus, et deos supplicemus, Aur. Vict. 49; cf.: o edictum, cui adscribi non poterit bonum factum, Tert. Pud. 1.
      7. 7. Bona gratia.
          1. (α) A friendly understanding: cur non videmus inter nos haec potius cum bonā Ut componantur gratiā quam cum malā? Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17; so, per gratiam bonam abire, to part with good feelings, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 33.
            In jest: sine bonā gratiā abire, of things cast away, Plaut Truc. 2, 7, 15.
          2. (β) Pleon., in the phrase bonam gratiam habere, = gratiam habere, to thank (v. B. 2. k.), Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 32; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 99.
      8. 8. Bona pars.
          1. (α) The well-disposed part of a body of persons: ut plerumque fit, major pars (i. e. of the senate) meliorem vicit, Liv. 21, 4, 1: pars melior senatūs ad meliora responsa trahere, id. 7, 21, 6.
          2. (β) The good party, i. e. the optimates (gen. in plur.): civem bonarum partium, Cic. Sest. 32, 77: (fuit) meliorum partium aliquando, id. Cael. 6, 13: qui sibi gratiam melioris partis velit quaesitam, Liv. 2, 44, 3.
            Paronom.: (Roscius) semper partium in re publicā tam quam in scaenā optimarum, i. e. party and part in a drama, Cic. Sest. 56, 120.
          3. (γ) Of things or persons, a considerable part (cf. a good deal): bonam partem ad te adtulit, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 43: bonam partem sermonis in hunc diem esse dilatam, Cic. Or. 2, 3, 14: bonam magnamque partem exercitūs, Val. Max. 5, 2, ext. 4: bona pars noctium, Quint. 12, 11, 19: bona pars hominum, Hor. S. 1, 1, 61: meae vocis … bona pars, id. C. 4, 2, 46; so id. A. P. 297; Ov. P. 1, 8, 74: melior pars diei, Verg. A. 9, 156.
          4. (δ) Rarely, and mostly eccl. Lat.: optima pars, the best part or lot: nostri melior pars animus est, Sen. Q. N. 1, prooem. § 14; cf.: quae pars optima est in homine, best, most valuable, Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 67: major pars aetatis, certe melior reipublicae data sit, Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 1: Maria optimam partem elegit, quae non auferetur ab eā, Vulg. Luc. 10, 42.
            (ε) Adverb.: bonam partem = ex magnā parte, Lucr. 6, 1249.
            (ζ) Aliquem in optimam partem cognoscere, to know somebody from his most favorable side, Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: aliquid in optimam partem accipere, to take something in good part, interpret it most favorably: Caesar mihi ignoscit quod non venerim, seseque in optimam partem id accipere dicit, id. Att. 10, 3 a, 2; id. ad Brut. 1, 2, 3: quaeso ut hoc in bonam partem accipias, id. Rosc. Am. 16, 45.
      9. 9. Dies bonus or bona.
          1. (α) A day of good omen, a fortunate day (= dies laetus, faustus): tum tu igitur die bono, Aphrodisiis, addice, etc., Plaut. Poen. 2, 49: nunc dicenda bonā sunt bona verba die, Ov. F. 1, 72.
          2. (β) A beautiful, serene day, Sen. Vit. Beat. 22, 3.
      10. 10. Bonus mos.
          1. (α) Boni mores, referring to individuals, good, decent, moral habits: nihil est amabilius quam morum similitudo bonorum, Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56: nam hic nimium morbus mores invasit bonos, Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 6: domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur, Sall. C. 9, 1: propter ejus suavissimos et optimos mores, Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 13: cum per tot annos matronae optimis moribus vixerint, Liv. 34, 6, 9: mores meliores, Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 18.
          2. (β) Bonus mos or boni mores, in the abstract, morality, the laws, rules of morality: ei vos morigerari mos bonu’st, it is a rule of morality that you should, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 4: ex optimo more et sanctissimā disciplinā, Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69: neglegentia boni moris, Sen. Ep. 97, 1.
            Jurid. t. t.: conventio, mandatum contra bonos mores, in conflict with morality, Quint. 3, 1, 57; Dig. 16, 3, 1, § 7; Gai. Inst. 3, 157 et saep.
      11. 11. Adverbial phrases.
        1. a. Bono animo esse, or bonum animum habere.
          1. (α) To be of good cheer or courage: bono animo es! Liberabit ille te homo, Plaut. Merc 3, 1, 33; so id. Aul. 4, 10, 61; id. Mil. 4, 8, 32; id. Rud. 3, 3, 17; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4; id. Heaut. 4, 6, 18; id. Ad. 2, 4, 20; 3, 5, 1; 4, 2, 4; 4, 5, 62; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 72: animo bono es, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 103; id. Am. 2, 2, 48; 5, 2, 1: bono animo es, inquit Scrofa, et fiscinam expedi, Varr. R. R. 1, 26: bono animo sint et tui et mei familiares, Cic. Fam. 6, 18, 1; 6, 10, 29: bono animo esse jubere eam consul, Liv. 39, 13, 7: habe modo bonum animum, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 58; so id. Am. 1, 3, 47; id. Truc. 2, 6, 44; id. Aul. 2, 2, 15: habe animum bonum, id. Cas. 2, 6, 35; id. Ep. 2, 2, 1; 4, 2, 31: bonum animum habe, Liv. 45, 8, 5: clamor ortus ut bonum animum haberet, id. 8, 32, 1; so Sen. Ep. 87, 38.
          2. (β) Bono animo esse, or facere aliquid, to be of a good or friendly disposition, or to do with good, honest intentions: audire jubet vos imperator histricus, bonoque ut animo sedeant in subselliis qui, etc., Plaut. Poen. prol. 5: sunt enim (consules) optimo animo, summo consilio, of the best disposition, Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 2: bono te animo tum populus Romanus … dicere existimavit ea quae sentiebatis, sed, etc., id. Imp. Pomp. 19, 56: quod nondum bono animo in populum Romanum viderentur, Caes. B. G. 1, 6; Quint. 7, 4, 15.
          3. (γ) Bonus animus, good temper, patience: bonus animus in malā re dimidium mali est, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 37: vos etiam hoc animo meliore feratis, Ov. M. 9, 433.
        2. b. Bono modo.
          1. (α) = placide, with composure, moderation: si quis quid deliquerit, pro noxā bono modo vindicet, Cato, R. R. 5: haec tibi tam sunt defendenda quam moenia, mihi autem bono modo, tantum quantum videbitur, Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 137.
          2. (β) In a decent manner: neu quisquam prohibeto filium quin amet … quod bono fiat modo, Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 62.
        3. c. Jure optimo or optimo jure, with good, perfect right: te ipse jure optumo incuses licet, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 23; id. Rud. 2, 6, 53: ut jure optimo me deserere posses, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 6; Sen. Ot. Sap. 2 (29), 2.
          With pass. or intr. verb, deservedly: ne jure optimo irrideamur, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 111; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 151; id. Marcell. 1, 4; similarly, optimo judicio, Val. Max. 2, 9, 2.
  2. II. As subst.
    1. A. bŏnus, boni, m.; of persons.
      1. 1. In sing. or plur. orig. = bonus vir, boni viri; v. I. A. 1. a. β, supra, a morally good man.
          1. (α) Plur.: bonis quod bene fit haud perit, Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 2; id. Capt. 2, 2, 108; id. Trin. 2, 1, 55; id. Pers. 4, 5, 2: melius apud bonos quam apud fortunatos beneficium collocari puto, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71: verum esse ut bonos boni diligant, quamobrem … bonis inter bonos quasi necessariam (esse) benevolentiam, id. Lael. 14, 50: diverso itinere malos a bonis loca tætra … habere, Sall. C. 52, 13; 7, 2; 52, 22: oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 52: tam bonis quam malis conduntur urbes, Sen. Ben. 4, 28, 4; so id. Vit. Beat. 15, 6; Quint. 9, 2, 76.
            Rarely bŏnae, ārum, f., good women: quia omnes bonos bonasque adcurare addecet, etc., Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 41.
          2. (β) Sing.: malus bonum malum esse volt ut sit sui similis, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 8: nec enim cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest, Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99; cf.: qui meliorem audax vocet in jus, Hor. S. 2, 5, 29.
      2. 2. Bonus, a man of honor.
          1. (α) A brave man: pro quā (patriā) quis bonus dubitet mortem oppetere si ei sit profuturus? Cic. Off. 1, 17, 57: libertatem quam nemo bonus nisi cum animā simul amittat, Sall. C. 33, 5: fortes creantur fortibus et bonis, Hor. C. 4, 4, 29 (opp. ignavi): famā impari boni atque ignavi erant, Sall. J. 57, 6; 53, 8; id. C. 11, 2.
          2. (β) A gentleman: quis enim umquam, qui paululum modo bonorum consuetudinem nosset, litteras ad se ab amico missas … in medium protulit? Cic. Phil. 2, 4, 7.
      3. 3. Boni, the better (i. e. higher) classes of society.
          1. (α) In gen. (of political sentiments, = optimates, opp. populares, seditiosi, perditi cives, etc.; so usu. in Cic.): meam causam omnes boni proprie enixeque susceperant, Cic. Sest. 16, 38: audaces homines et perditi nutu impelluntur … boni, nescio quomodo, tardiores sunt, etc., id. ib. 47, 100: ego Kal. Jan. senatum et bonos omnes legis agrariae … metu liberavi, id. Pis. 2, 4: etenim omnes boni, quantum in ipsis fuit, Caesarem occiderunt, id. Phil. 2, 13, 29; id. Fam. 5, 2, 8; 5, 21, 2; id. Sest. 2, 5; 16, 36; 48, 103; id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Mil. 2, 5; id. Off. 2. 12, 43: maledictis increpat omnes bonos, Sall. C. 21, 4; 19, 2; 33, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 22; so, optimi, Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 37; and, ironically, boni identified with the rich: bonorum, id est lautorum et locupletum, id. Att. 8, 1, 3.
          2. (β) Without reference to political views; opp. vulgus (rare): nihil ego istos moror fatuos mores quibus boni dedecorant se, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 22: semper in civitate quibus opes nullae sunt bonis invident, Sall. C. 37, 3: elatus est sine ullā pompā funeris, comitantibus omnibus bonis, maximā vulgi frequentiā, Nep. Att. 22, 2.
            So, mĕlĭōres, um, m., one’s betters: ut quaestui habeant male loqui melioribus, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 13: da locum melioribus, Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 37.
      4. 4. Boni, bone, in addresses, as an expression of courtesy, Hor. S. 2, 2, 1; 2, 6, 51; 2, 6, 95; id. Ep. 2, 2, 37; ironice, id. S. 2, 3, 31.
      5. 5. Optimus quisque = quivis bonus, omnes boni.
          1. (α) Referring to morality: esse aliquid naturā pulcrum quod optimus quisque sequeretur, every good man, Cic. Sen. 13, 43: qui ita se gerebant ut sua consilia optimo cuique probarent, optimates habebantur, id. Sest. 45, 96; id. Off. 1, 43, 154; id. Fin. 1, 7, 24; id. Sest. 54, 115; and = even the best: quare deus optimum quemque malā valetudine adficit? Sen. Prov. 4, 8.
          2. (β) Of the educated classes: adhibenda est quaedam reverentia adversus homines, et optimi cujusque et reliquorum, Cic. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. ib. 1, 25, 85: Catilina plerisque consularibus, praeterea optumo cuique, litteras mittit, Sall. C. 34, 2: optimo cuique infesta libertas, Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 2 (32 fin.).
          3. (γ) Honorable, brave: optumus quisque cadere et sauciari, ceteris metus augeri, Sall. J. 92, 8.
          4. (δ) In gen., excellent: optimus quisque facere quam dicere … malebat, Sall. C. 8, 5.
            (ε) Distributively: ita imperium semper ad optumum quemque a minus bono transfertur, to the best man in each instance, Sall. C. 2, 6.
            (ζ) Referring to another superlative ( = quo quisque melior eo magis, etc.): hic aditus laudis qui semper optimo cuique maxime patuit, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1; so id. Lael. 4, 14; id. Inv. 2, 11, 36; Sen. Vit. Beat. 18, 1.
            (η) Attributively, with a noun: optimam quamque causam, Cic. Sest. 43, 93: optima quaeque dies, Verg. G. 3, 66.

B. bŏnum, i, n., plur. bona; mĕlĭus, ōris, n.; optĭmum, i, n. (v. infra); of things in gen.

      1. 1. Bonum, or plur. bona, a good, or goods in a moral and metaphysical sense, a moral good, a blessing: sunt autem hae de finibus defensae sententiae: nihil bonum nisi honestum, ut Stoici; nihil bonum nisi voluptatem, ut Epicurus; nihil bonum nisi vacuitatem doloris, ut Hieronymus … tria genera bonorum, maxima animi, secunda corporis, externa tertia, ut Peripatetici, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 84 sq.: quid est igitur bonum? Si quid recte fit et honeste et cum virtute, id bene fieri vere dicitur, et quod rectum et honestum et cum virtute est, id solum opinor bonum, id. Par. 1, 1, 9: ut quis intellegat, quid sit illud simplex et verum bonum quod non possit ab honestate sejungi, id. Ac. 1, 2, 7: non-est igitur voluptas bonum, id. Fin. 1, 11, 39: finis bonorum et malorum (τέλος ἀγαθῶν) = summa bona et mala: sunt nonnullae disciplinae quae, propositis bonorum et malorum finibus, officium omne pervertant. Nam qui summum bonum sic instituit ut, etc., id. Off. 1, 2, 5; cf. id. Par. 1, 3, 14; id. Ac. 2, 9, 29; 2, 36, 114; 2, 42, 129; id. Fin. 1, 9, 29; 1, 12, 42; id. Tusc. 4, 31, 66; Sen. Vit. Beat. 24, 5; id. Ep. 117, 1 et saep.
      2. 2. Bonum, what is valuable, beneficial, estimable, favorable, pleasant, physically or mentally: quoi boni Tantum adfero quantum ipsus a diis optat, Plaut. Capt. 4, 1, 9: multa bona vobis volt facere, will do you much good, id. Poen. 5, 4, 60; id. Am. prol. 43, 49; id. Pers. 4, 8, 4; 2, 3, 14; id. Cas. 2, 8, 32: tum demum nostra intellegemus bona quom ea amisimus, id. Capt. 1, 2, 33: multa tibi di dent bona, id. Poen. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. ib. 3, 3, 54; 3, 3, 74; id. Mil. 3, 1, 120; id. Men. 3, 3, 34; id. Pers. 4, 3, 23; id. Truc. 1, 2, 23; id. Merc. 1, 2, 40; id. Most. 1, 1, 47: omnia Bona dicere, to speak in the highest terms of one, Ter. And. 1, 1, 70: sed ne vivus quidem bono caret, si eo non indiget, Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88: cum quaecumque bona Peripateticis, eadem Stoicis commoda viderentur, id. ib. 5, 41, 120: nihil enim boni nosti, nothing that is good for any thing, id. Phil. 2, 7, 16: mala pro bonis legere dementia est, Sen. Vit. Beat. 6, 1; Val. Max. 5, 3, ext. 3 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 2, 73: quia bonum sit valere, a good thing, Cic. Fin. 4, 23, 62 (cf. III. A. 5. infra): melius: quo quidem haud scio an … quidquam melius sit homini a dis immortalibus datum, id. Lael. 6, 20: meliora … Aristotelem de istis rebus scripsisse, id. Or. 1, 10, 43: optimum: difficillimum est formam exponere optimi, id. ib. 11, 36.
        Here belongs the phrase boni consulere; v. consulo.
        So after prepositions: in bonum vertere, v. under verto: in melius ire, to change for the better, Tac. A. 12, 68.
        In the same sense: in melius aliquid referre, or reflectere (poet.), Verg. A. 1, 281; 11, 426; 10, 632: ad melius transcurrere, to pass over to something better, Hor. S. 2, 2, 82.
      3. 3. Bonum or bona, prosperity: fortiter malum qui patitur, idem post patitur bonum, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 58: nulli est homini perpetuum bonum, id. Curc. 1, 3, 33: unā tecum bona, mala tolerabimus, Ter. Phorm. 3, 3, 23: quibus in bonis fuerint et nunc quibus in malis sint, ostenditur ( = in secundis, in adversis rebus), Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 107.
      4. 4. Good qualities, gifts: omnia adsunt bona, quem penes’st virtus, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 30: magnis illi et divinis bonis hanc licentiam adsequebantur, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148: nisi qui se suā gravitate et castimoniā … tum etiam naturali quodam bono defenderet, etc., id. Cael. 5, 11: hunc meā sententiā divinis quibusdam bonis instructum atque ornatum puto, id. ib. 17, 39: non intellego quod bonum cuiquam sit apud tales viros profuturum, id. Balb. 28, 63: gaude isto tuo tam excellenti bono, id. Marcell. 6, 19; so id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49.
      5. 5. Advantage, benefit: si plus adipiscare, re explicatā, boni, quam addubitatā mali, Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83: saepe cogitavi bonine an mali plus adtulerit … eloquentiae studium, id. Inv. 1, 1, 1; 2, 35, 106; id. Off. 2, 2, 5; id. Sest. 10, 24: maximum bonum in celeritate ponebat, Sall. C. 43, 4; so, bono publico (abl.), for the public good: hoc ita si fit, publico fiat bono, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 183; Liv. 2, 44, 3; Dig. 41, 3, 1.
      6. 6. With aequum, what is fair and good, the fair (thing), fairness, equity: si bonum aequomque oras, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 149; so id. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Rud. 1, 2, 94; id. Men. 4, 2, 11: si tu aliquam partem aequi bonique dixeris, Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 32; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 29; id. Ad. 1, 1, 39: a quo vivo nec praesens nec absens quidquam aequi bonique impetravit, Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 94.
        Hence, aequo et bono, or ex aequo et bono, in (with) fairness, in equity, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 30; Auct. Her. 2, 10, 14; 2, 12, 18; 2, 13, 20; Gai. Inst. 3, 137: aequi bonique, as gen. of value, with facere: istuc, Chreme, Aequi bonique facio, I place a fair and proper value on it, Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 40.
      7. 7. Bona, one’s property, fortunes, almost always denoting the whole of one’s possessions.
        1. a. In gen.: paterna oportet reddi filio bona, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 120: bona sua med habiturum omnia, id. Truc. 2, 4, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 7, 6; 4, 2, 29; id. Rud. 2, 6, 22; id. Most. 1, 3, 77; id. Trin. 4, 4, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 4: bona mea diripiebantur atque ad consulem deferebantur, Cic. Sest. 24, 54: cum de capite, civis et de bonis proscriptio ferretur, id. ib. 30, 65: bona, fortunas, possessiones omnium, id. Caecin. 13, 38: at mulctantur bonis exsules, id. Tusc. 5, 37, 106; id. Off. 2, 23, 81; id. Par. 1, 1, 7; id. Sest. 19, 42; 43, 94; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; Caes. B. G. 7, 3; Liv. 2, 3, 5; 2, 5, 5; 4, 15, 8; Tac. A. 2, 48; Quint. 6, 1, 19 et saep.
        2. b. Bonorum possessio, the possession of one’s property by another.
          1. (α) Bonorum possessio in consequence of bonorum cessio, i. e. an assignment of one’s property for the benefit of creditors, Dig. 42, tit. 3.
          2. (β) Bonorum possessio granted by the prætor against a contumacious or insolvent debtor (in bona mittere, in bona ire jubere, bona possidere jubere, etc.); cf. Dig. 42, tit. 4: postulat a Burrieno Naevius ut ex edicto bona possidere liceat, Cic. Quint. 6, 25, and the whole of c. 8: edixit … neu quis militis … bona possideret aut venderet, Liv. 2, 24, 6: bona proscribere, to offer the property thus transferred for sale, Cic. Quint. 6, 25.
          3. (γ) Chiefly referring to the property of a defunct person (hereditas), where the prætor, till the heir had proved his right, granted a bonorum possessio secundum tabulas or contra tabulas, Dig. 37, tit. 4; 37, tit. 11.
        3. c. In bonis esse; with reference to the older civil law, which distinguished between civil property (habere rem ex jure Quiritium) and natural property (rem in bonis habere, res in bonis est), Gai. Inst. 2, 40, 41; Dig. 40, 12, 38, § 2; 37, 6, 2, § 1; 37, 6, 3, § 2; ib. Fragm. 1, 16; Gai. Inst. 1, 22; 1, 35; 1, 222; 1, 167; Dig. 1, 8, 1; 27, 10, 10: neque bonorum possessorum, neque … res pleno jure fiunt, sed in bonis efficiuntur, ib. Fragm. 3, 80.
          Hence, nullam omnino arbitrabamur de eā hereditate controversiam eum habiturum, et est hodie in bonis, i. e. the bonorum possessio has been granted to him, which did not give full ownership, but effected only that the hereditas was in bonis. Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1.
  1. III. Predicative use.
    1. A. With nouns or pronouns as subjects.
      1. 1. Bonum esse, to be morally good, honest: nunc mihi bonae necessum est esse ingratiis, Quamquam esse nolo, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 82: bonam ego quam beatam me esse nimio dici mavolo, id. Poen. 1, 2, 93; so id. Capt. 2, 1, 44; id. Men. 4, 2, 6; id. Rud. prol. 29: itaque viros fortes magnanimos eosdem, bonos et simplices … esse volumus, Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63; cf. id. ib. 3, 21, 84; id. Att. 15, 6, 1: Cato esse quam videri bonus malebat, Sall. C. 54, 5: ut politiora, non ut meliora fiant ingenia, Val. Max. 5, 4, ext. 5 fin.
      2. 2. To be beneficial, prosperous, advantageous, valuable, favorable, serviceable, correct, with reference to both persons and things as subjects, and in regard to physical and mental relations: jam istuc non bonumst, Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 29; Cato, R. R. 157: oleum viridius et melius fiet, id. ib. 3: vinum ut alvum bonam faciat, to correct the bowels, id. ib. 156: quid est homini salute melius? Plaut. As. 3, 3, 127: non optuma haec sunt, verum meliora quam deterruma, id. Trin. 2, 3, 1: quid est quod huc possit quod melius sit accedere? Cic. Fin. 1, 12, 41; 1, 18, 57; id. Tusc. 1, 41, 99: in quo (vestitu), sicut in plerisque rebus, mediocritas optima est, id. Off. 1, 36, 130; 2, 17, 59; id. Inv. 1, 31, 51; id. Or. 2, 6; 11, 36: meliorem tamen militem … in futura proelia id certamen fecit, Liv. 2, 51, 3: parvus ut est cygni melior canor, ille gruum quam Clamor, Lucr. 4, 181; 4, 191: si meliora dies, ut vina, poemata reddit, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 34.
        So in the optative formula: quod bonum, faustum, felixque sit, Liv. 1, 28, 7; 1, 17, 10; 39, 15, 1; 3, 54; 3, 34.
        Also, quod bonum atque fortunatum mihi sit, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 50; and with a noun as subject: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix, fortunataque evenat, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3.
      3. 3. To be kind: bonus cum probis’st (erus), malus cum malis, Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 22: hic si vellet bonus ac benignus Esse, Hor. S. 1, 2, 52.
      4. 4. With reference to the gods: ecastor ambae (Fortuna et Salus sunt bonae, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 129: Palladis aut oculos ausa negare bonos (esse), Prop. 3, 24, 12 (2, 28, 12).
    2. B. Impers.
      1. 1. Bonum est (very rare for the class. bene est; v. bene).
          1. (α) Without a subject: bonum sit! may it be fortunate, favorable! Verg. E. 8, 106.
          2. (β) With subject inf.: nam et stulte facere, et stulte fabularier in aetate haud bonum est, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 61: bonum est pauxillum amare, insane non bonum est, id. Curc. 1, 3,20.
      2. 2. Melius est.
          1. (α) With subject inf.: melius sanam est mentem sumere, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 51: nihil sentire est melius quam tam prava sentire, Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125; cf. id. Fin. 1, 19, 62; id. Off. 1, 43, 156; so, melius fuit, fuisset, or fuerat, it would have been better, id. N. D. 3, 33; id. Sen. 23, 82; id. Off. 3, 25, 94: proinde quiesse erit melius, Liv. 3, 48, 3; 3, 41, 3; Verg. A. 11, 303.
          2. (β) With subject inf.-clause: meliu’st te quae sunt mandata tibi praevortier, Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 125; id. Men. 5, 9, 32.
          3. (γ) With ut-clause: quid melius quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 145; so id. Ps. 4, 7, 18.
          4. (δ) With subjectclause in the subjunctive: nunc quid mihi meliu’st quam ilico hic opperiar erum, Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 22.
      3. 3. Optimum est.
          1. (α) With subject inf.: optimum visum est, captivos quam primum deportare, Liv. 23, 34, 8: si quis dicit optimum esse navigare, Sen. Ot. Sap. 8, 4 (32 fin.); so, optimum fuit, it would have been better, and optimum erat, it would be better, Quint. 6, prooem. 3; 11, 2, 33; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7.
          2. (β) With inf.-clause: constituerunt optimum esse, domum suam quemque reverti, Caes. B. G. 2, 10: optimum visum est, in fluctuantem aciem tradi equos, etc., Liv 6, 24, 10; 22, 27, 6.
          3. (γ) With ut and subj: hoc vero optimum, ut is qui, etc., id ultimum bonorum, id ipsum quid et quale sit nesciat, Cic. Fin. 2, 3, 6.
          4. (δ) With quod: illa vero optima (sunt) quod cum Haluntium venisset Archagathum vocari jussit, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51: optimum vero (est) quod dictaturae nomen in perpetuum de re publica sustulisti, id. Phil. 2, 36, 91.
            (ε) With second sup., in the phrase optumum factu est (where factu is redundant): sed hoc mihi optumum factu arbitror, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 16: optimum factu esse duxerant frumento … nostros prohibere, Caes. B. G. 4, 30: optumum factu credens exercitum augere, Sall. C. 32, 1 (Kritz, factum); 57, 5 (Kritz, factum).
  2. IV. Ellipt. use: di meliora, i. e. dent or velint, i. e. let the gods grant better things than what you say, etc.; God forbid! in full: di melius duint, Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 16: di meliora velint! Ov. M. 7, 37.
    Ellipt.: di meliora! inquit, Cic. Sen. 14, 47: id ubi mulier audivit, perturbata, dii meliora inquit, etc., Liv. 39, 10, 2; 9, 9, 6; Verg. G. 3, 513; similarly, di melius, i. e. fecerunt, Val. Max. 6, 1, ext. 3.
  3. V. With object expressed,
      1. 1. By dat.
          1. (α) = good, useful, beneficial for: ambula, id lieni optumum est, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 25: quia vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse intellexi, Sall. C. 20, 3: bona bello Cornus, jaculis, etc., Verg. G. 2, 447.
          2. (β) = benignus or propitius, kind to: vicinis bonus esto, Cato, R. R. 4: bene merenti mala es, male merenti bona es, Plaut. As. 1, 2, 3: vos o mihi Manes, Este boni, Verg. A. 12, 647.
          3. (γ) = idoneus, fit for, adapted to: qui locus vino optimus dicetur esse, Cato, R. R. 6: tum erit ei rei optumum tempus, id. ib. 26: terra cui putre solum, Optima frumentis, Verg. G. 2, 205; 2, 319; 1, 286.
          4. (δ) With sum and dat., in the phrase alicui bono est, it is of service to one, profits him: accusant in quibus occidi patrem Sex. Roscii bono fuit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13: bono fuisse Romanis adventum eorum constabat, Liv. 7, 12, 4.
            Hence, with rel. dat.: cui bono (est), for whose advantage it is: quod si quis usurpet illud Cassianum cui bono fuerit, etc., Cic. Phil. 2, 14, 35: cui bono fuisset, id. Rosc. Am. 30, 84; id. Mil. 12, 32 Ascon. ad loc.; cf. ellipt. form cui bono? Prisc. p. 1208 P.
            (ε) With dat. gerund: ager oleto conserundo qui in Favonium spectavit, aliis bonus nullus erit, Cato, R. R. 6; Varr. R. R. 1, 24: (mons) quia pecori bonus alendo erat, Liv. 29, 31; 9, 10.
      2. 2. By ad and acc.: refert et ad quam rem bona aut non bona sit, Varr. R. R. 1, 91: occasio quaeritur idoneane fuerit ad rem adoriendam, an alia melior, Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7: non campos modo militi Romano ad proelium bonos, etc., Tac. A. 2, 14.

2. Castor, ŏris (acc. to some gramm. Castōris, Quint. 1, 5, 60), m., = Κάστωρ.

  1. I. The son of the Spartan king Tyndarus and Leda, brother of Helena and Pollux, with whom, as twin star (Gemini; hence even Castores, Plin. 10, 43, 60, § 121; 35, 4, 10, § 27; 7, 22, 22, § 86; and: alter Castor, Stat. S. 4, 6, 16), he served as a guide to mariners, Varr. L. L. 5, § 58; Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6; 3, 18, 45; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 5; id. Epod. 17, 42; 17, 43; id. C. 4, 5, 35: gaudet equis, id. S. 2, 1, 26; cf. id. C. 1, 12, 25, and Ov. M. 12, 401: ad Castoris (sc. aedem), on the forum, Cic. Mil. 33, 91; where pecuniary affairs were transacted, id. Quint. 4, 17; cf. Juv. 14, 260.
  2. II. Derivv.
    1. A. In oaths: ecastor and mecastor [the old interj. e or the pron. acc. me, prefixed; cf.: equidem, edepol; mehercle, medius fiduis, etc., v. Corss. Ausspr. II. p. 856 sq.], by Castor, an oath in very frequent use, especially by women, though not exclusively by them, as asserted by Gell. 11, 6, 1, and Charis. p. 183 P.; cf. Plaut. As. 5, 2, 46; 5, 2, 80; id. Cas. 5, 4, 13: ecastor, re experior, quanti facias uxorem tuam, id. Am. 1, 3, 10; 1, 3, 39; id. Cist. 4, 2, 61; id. Truc. 2, 5, 28; id. Poen. 1, 2, 71; id. Stich. 1, 3, 89; id. As. 1, 3, 36; id. Truc. 2, 2, 60; id. As. 3, 1, 30; id. Stich. 1, 3, 81: ecastor vero, id. Merc. 4, 1, 25: per ecastor scitus (i. e. perscitus ecastor) puer est natus Pamphilo, Ter. And. 3, 2, 6: nec nunc mecastor quid hero ego dicam queo comminisci, Plaut. Aul, 1, 1, 28; cf. id. Merc. 4, 1, 6; id. Cas. 2, 3, 30; id. Men. 4, 2, 50; id. Mil. 1, 1, 63; cf. also id. Stich. 1, 3, 86; id. Truc. 2, 2, 36; 2, 7, 30; 3, 2, 11; 4, 4, 9; 5, 1, 26: Sy. Salve, mecastor, Parmenio. Pa. Et tu, edepol, Syra, Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 8 Don.
    2. B. Ad Castŏris or Lŏcus Ca-stŏrum, nom. propr., a place in Upper Italy, between Cremona and Bedriacum, where stood a shrine of Castor and Pollux, Suet. Oth. 9; Tac. H. 2, 24.
    3. C. Castŏrĕus, a, um, adj. of Castor: manus, Sen. Hippol. 810.
  3. III. A companion of Æneas, Verg. A. 10, 124.
  4. IV. The grandson of king Deiotarus, Cic. Deiot. 1, 2, 10; 1, 2, 28 sq.
  5. V. Castor Tarcondarius, a chieftain of Gallogrœcia, ally of Pompey, Caes. B. C. 3, 4.
  6. VI. Antonius Castor, an author on botany, Plin. 25, 17, 66, § 174; 25, 2, 5, § 9.

Hercŭles, is and i (the latter in Cic. Ac. 2, 34, 108 Goer.; cf. Plin. ap. Charis. p. 107 P.:

  1. I. Herculei, Cat. 55, 13), m., = Ἡρακλῆς, Etrusc. HERCLE (whence, by the insertion of a connecting vowel, the Latin form arose; cf. Alcumena for Ἀλκμήνη; v. also under B. the voc. hercle), son of Jupiter and Alcmena, husband of Dejanira, and, after his deification, of Hebe, the god of strength, and the guardian of riches, to whom, therefore, tithes were offered; he was also the guide of the Muses (Musagetes); the poplar was sacred to him, Cic. N. D. 3, 16, 42; Varr. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 8, 564; Varr. L. L. 6, § 54 Müll.; Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 80; 2, 2, 62; Ov. M. 8, 364; 9, 13 sq.; Hor. C. 3, 14, 1; 4, 5, 36; Suet. Aug. 29; cf. with Ov. F. 6, 797 sq.: neque Herculi quisquam decumam vovit umquam, si sapiens factus esset, Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88: superavit aerumnis suis aerumnas Herculis, Plaut. Pers. 1, 1, 2: Herculis Columnae, the Pillars of Hercules, i. e. the promontories between which is the Strait of Gibraltar, Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 167; Curt. 10, 1, 8 et saep.
    In gen. plur.: et Herculum et Mercuriorum disciplinae, Tert. Spect. 11 fin.
    Prov.: Herculi quaestum conterere, i. e. to squander everything (even the tithes of Hercules), Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 68: personam Herculis et cothurnos aptare infantibus, Quint. 6, 1, 36.
    1. B. Transf., analog. with the Greek Ἡράκλεις and Ἧρακλες, in voc. hercŭles, and more freq. hercŭle or hercle; also with a prefixed me: mĕ-hercŭles, mehercŭle (also separately: me hercule), and mĕhercle, as an oath or asseveration, by Hercules!
          1. (α) Hercules and mehercules: et, hercules, hae quidem exstant, Cic. Brut. 16, 61; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 1; Poll. ib. 10, 33, 7: licet, hercules, undique omnes in me terrores impendeant, Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31; Vell. 2, 52, 2: neque, mehercules, hoc indigne fero, Cic. Rosc. Am. 48, 141: cui, mehercules, hic multum tribuit, id. Fam. 6, 5, 3; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 3: at, mehercules, narrabit quod quis voluerit, Phaedr. 3, 17, 8.
          2. (β) Hercule and mehercule, by Hercules! (in class. prose most freq.; cf. also: impetratum est a consuetudine, ut peccare suavitatis causa liceret: et pomeridianas quadrigas quam postmeridianas libentius dixerim, et mehercule quam mehercules, Cic. Or. 47, 157): et hercule ita fecit, id. Lael. 11, 37: et hercule, id. Fam. 2, 18, 2; Quint. 2, 5, 4; 2, 16, 12; 10, 2, 3; 12, 6, 4 al.: ac me quidem, ut hercule etiam te ipsum, Laeli, cognitio ipsa rerum delectat, Cic. Rep. 1, 13: non hercule, Scipio, dubito quin, etc., id. ib. 1, 23; id. Quint. 3, 13; id. Att. 2, 7, 3: sed hercule facile patior datum tempus, in quo, etc., id. ib. 16, 16, C, 10; Quint. 1, 4, 7; 12, 1, 7: atqui nactus es, sed me hercule otiosiorem opera quam animo, Cic. Rep. 1, 9: dicam me hercule, id. ib. 1, 19: non me hercule, inquit, id. ib. 1, 38: non mehercule, Quint. 6, 1, 43; 6, 3, 74: cognoscere me hercule, inquit, etc., Cic. Rep. 1, 48 Mai. N. cr.: ita mehercule attendi, nec satis intellexi, etc., id. Leg. 3, 14, 33 Mos. N. cr.; id. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 144: vere mehercule hoc dicam, id. Planc. 26, 64: et mehercule ego antea mirari solebam, etc., id. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 33; id. Att. 5, 16, 3: mihi mehercule magnae curae est aedilitas tua, id. Fam. 2, 11, 2: servi mehercule mei, si me isto pacto metuerent, etc., id. Cat. 1, 7, 17.
          3. (γ) Hercle and mehercle (the former esp. freq. in Plaut. and Ter.; the latter very rare): malo hercle magno suo convivat, Enn. ap. Non. 474, 22 (Sat. v. 1 Vahl.): obsecro hercle, quantus et quam validus est, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 143; id. ib. 173: tanto hercle melior, id. Bacch. 2, 2, 33: mihi quidem hercle non fit verisimile, Ter. And. 1, 3, 20: nescio hercle, id. Eun. 2, 3, 13; id. Phorm. 1, 2, 87: perii hercle, id. Eun. 5, 2, 66; 5, 6, 14; id. Heaut. 4, 4, 14: non hercle, id. Phorm. 5, 7, 76: per hercle rem mirandam (i. e. permirandam) Aristoteles dicit, Gell. 3, 6, 1.
            With intensive particles: heu hercle, Plaut. Rud. 3, 5, 41: scite hercle sane, id. Trin. 3, 3, 53; cf.: sane quidem hercle, Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 8: minime, minime hercle vero! Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 23; cf.: minime hercle, Cic. Lael. 9, 30: haudquaquam hercle, Crasse, mirandum est, etc., id. de Or. 3, 22, 82: pulchre mehercle dictum et sapienter, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 26; 1, 1, 22.
  2. II. Derivv.
    1. A. Hercŭlĕus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Hercules, Herculean: domiti Herculea manu Telluris juvenes, Hor. C. 2, 12, 6: labor, id. ib. 1, 3, 36: coronae arbos, i. e. the poplar, Verg. G. 2, 66; cf.: umbra populi, id. A. 8, 276: leo, the lion’s skin worn by Hercules, Val. Fl. 1, 263: Oete, on which Hercules burned himself, Luc. 3, 178: hospes, i. e. Croto, by whom Hercules was hospitably entertained, Ov. M. 15, 8: ternox, in which Hercules was begotten, Stat. Th. 12, 301: hostis, i. e. Telephus, son of Hercules, Ov. R. Am. 47: gens, i. e. the family of the Fabians sprung from Hercules, id. F. 2, 237; so, penates, Sil. 7, 44: sacrum, instituted by Evander in honor of Hercules, Verg. A. 8, 270: Trachin, built by Hercules, Ov. M. 11, 627: urbs, the city of Herculaneum, built by Hercules, id. ib. 15, 711.
      Hence also: litora, near Herculaneum, Prop. 1, 11, 2: Tibur, i. e. where Hercules was worshipped, Mart. 1, 13, 1; 4, 62: astrum, i. e. the constellation of the Lion, id. 8, 55, 15: fretum, i. e. the Pillars of Hercules, (Strait of Gibraltar), Sil. 1, 199; also: metae, Luc. 3, 278.
    2. B. Hercŭlā-nĕus, a, um, adj., the same: pars, i. e. the tithes (dedicated to Hercules), the tenth part, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 11.
      Also to denote things large of their kind: formicae, Plin. 30. 4, 10, § 29: urtica, id. 21, 15, 55, § 92: nodus, Sen. Ep. 87, 33: nymphaea, App. Herb. 67: sideritis, id. ib. 72: machaera, Capitol. Pertin. 8.
    3. C. Hercŭlānus, a, um, adj., the same: pes, i. e. long, large (cf. in the preced.), Gell. 1, 1, 3.
    4. D. Acc. to the Gr. form Hēraclēus or Hēra-clĭus, a, um, adj., = Ἡράκλειος or Ἡράκλιος, the same: fabulae, Juv. 1, 52 (al. acc. to the MSS. Herculeias).
    5. E. Hēraclī-des, ae, m., = Ἡρακλείδης, a male descendant of Hercules, Heraclid: exclusi ab Heraclīdis Orestis liberi, Vell. 1, 2 fin.
  3. F. Hercŭlĭus, i, m., a surname of the emperor Maximinianus, and hence, Her-cŭlĭāni, ōrum, m., his guards, Amm. 22, 3, 2; 25, 6, 2.

Maecĭa (Mētĭa), ae, v. 2. Maecius, II.

2. Maecĭus (Mētĭus), i, m.,

  1. I. the name of a place in Latium: nec procul ab Lanuvio (ad Maecium is locus dicitur) castra oppugnare est adortus, Liv. 6, 2, 8 (dub.; Weissenb. ad Mecium).
    Hence,
  2. II. Maecĭa, ae, f., a tribe, Liv. 8, 17, 11; 29, 37; Cic. Planc. 16, 38; id. Att. 4, 15, 9; Paul. ex Fest. p. 136 Müll.

Maedi (Mēdi), ōrum, m., = Μαῖδοι,

  1. I. a Thracian people on the borders of Macedonia, Plin. 4, 1, 1, § 3; 4, 11, 18, § 40; Liv. 26, 25, 6; 28, 5; Eutr. 5, 7.
    Hence,
  2. II. Mae-dĭcus (Mēd-), a, um, adj., = Μαιδικός, of or belonging to the Mædi.
    Subst.:     Maedĭca, ae, f. (sc. terra or regio), the Mædian territory, Liv. 26, 25, 8; 40, 21; 22.

Maelĭānus (Mēl-), v. Maelius.

† maena (mēna), ae, f., = μαίνη, a kind of small sea-fish, eaten salted by the poor, Plin. 32, 11, 53, § 149; Ov. Hal. 120; Mart. 11, 31, 14; 12, 32, 15; Pers. 3, 76: acipenserem maenae non anteponere, Cic. Fin. 2, 28, 91.
As a term of reproach: deglupta maena, Plaut. Poen. 5, 5, 33.

Maesĭa Silva, or Messĭa Silva, a forest in the territory of the Veii, on the borders of Etruria, now Bosco di Baccano, Liv. 1, 33, 9; Plin. 8, 58, 83, § 225.

Mausōlus, i, m., = Μαύσωλος,

  1. I. a king of Caria, husband of Artemisia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 31, 75; Gell. 10, 18, 1 sqq.; Mel. 1, 16, 3.
    Hence,
  2. II. Mausōlēus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Mausolus, Mausolean.
    1. A. Lit.: sepulcrum, Prop. 3 (4), 1, 59; or absol.: Mausōlēum (Mēsōlum, Inscr. Orell. 4370), i, n., = Μαυσωλειον, the magnificent tomb erected for Mausolus by his wife Artemisia; it was one of the seven wonders of the world, Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 30; Mel. 1, 16, 3; Gell. 10, 18, 2; Prop. 3(4), 1, 59.
    2. B. Transf., in gen., a splendid sepulchre, mausoleum, Mart. 5, 64, 5; Suet. Aug. 100; 101; id. Calig. 15; id. Ner. 46: Caesarum, id. Vesp. 23; id. Vitell. 10.

me, for mihi, v. ego init.

mĕābĭlis, e, adj. [meo].

  1. * I. Pass., passable, that can be passed through: transitus vel bubus meabilis, Plin. 6, 1, 1, § 2.
  2. * II. Act., passing through, penetrating: aër per cuncta rerum meabilis, Plin. 2, 5, 4, § 10.

* mĕācŭlum, i, n. [meo], a course, passage = meatus: vos, superi caelestesque, vestra recensebitis meacula, Mart. Cap. 8, § 813.

mĕāmet, for mea or mea ipsius: culpa, Plaut. Poen. 1, 3, 37.

meapte, for mea or mea ipsius: causa, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 8.

‡ mĕātim, adv. [meus], in my manner, analog. to tuatim, after thy manner; acc. to Prisc. p. 949 P.; Donat. p. 1759 P.

‡ mĕātor, ōris, m. [meo], a passenger, traveller, wanderer: DOLE MEATOR QVISQVIS HOC LEGIS CARMEN, Inscr. ap. Guarin. in Prosod. Lat. Fundam. p. 133: INTERPRES DIVVM COELI TERRAEQVE MEATOR, of Mercury, as the messenger of the gods, Inscr. Orell. 1417.

mĕātus, ūs, m. [meo], a going, passing, motion, course (poet. and post-Aug.).

  1. I. Lit.: solis lunaeque meatus, Lucr. 1, 128: caeli, Verg. A. 6, 850: aquilae, flight, Tac. H. 1, 62: spiritus, i. e. the breathing, respiration, Quint. 7, 10, 10: animae, Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 13.
  2. II. Transf., concr., a way, path, passage, Val. Fl. 3, 403: meatum vomiticnibus praeparare, Plin. 19, 5, 26, § 85: spirandi, id. 28, 13, 55, § 197: cur signa meatus Deseruere suos, left their paths, i. e. became darkened, eclipsed, Luc. 1, 664: Danubius in Ponticum sex meatibus erumpit, discharges itself through six channels, Tac. G. 1; cf.: bifido meatu divisus Rhenus, divided into two channels, Claud. B. G. 336.
    1. B. The avenues of sensation in the body: homo septem meatus habet in capite, duos oculos, etc., Mart. Cap. 7, § 739.

mecastor, v. Castor.

† mēchănēma, ătis, n., = μηχάνημα, a piece of mechanism, a trick (post-class.), Sid. Ep. 1, 9.

† mēchănĭcus, a, um, adj., = μηχανικός, of or belonging to mechanics, mechanical (ante-class. and post-Aug.).

  1. I. Adj.: disciplina, Gell. 10, 12: opera, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 2, 2: ars, Firm. Math. 6, 31.
  2. II. Subst.
    1. A. mēchănĭcus, i, m., a mechanic, Lucil. ap. Fest. s. v. petauristas, p. 206 Müll.: sipho, quem diabeten vocant mechanici, Col. 3, 10, 2; Suet. Vesp. 18.
    2. B. mē-chănĭca, ae, f., mechanics: Cyriades mechanicae professor, Symm. Ep. 10, 38.
    3. C. mēchănĭca, ōrum, n., works of mechanical art, App. Mag. 61, p. 314, 6.

† mēchănisma, ătis, n., mechanical contrivance, mechanism, for mechanema (post-class.), Cassiod. Var. 1, 45.

Mechir, iris, m., the name of an Egyptian month, answering nearly to the Roman January and a part of February, Plin. 6, 23, 26, § 106.

† mēcon, ōnis, f., = μήκων, a sort of poppy: tertium genus est tithymalon, mecona vocant, Plin. 20, 19, 80, § 209; App. Herb. 53; 91.

† mēcōnis, ĭdis, f., = μηκωνἰς, a kind of lettuce with a milky juice of a soporiferous quality, like the poppy, Plin. 19, 8, 38, § 126; 20, 7, 26, § 67.

† mēcōnītes, ae, m., = μηκωνίτης, a precious stone resembling a poppy, otherwise unknown, Plin. 37, 10, 63, § 173.

† mēcōnĭum, ii, n., = μηκώνιον.

  1. I. Poppy-juice, Plin. 20, 18, 76, § 202; 25, 12, 91, § 142.
  2. II. A plant, called also peplis, Plin. 27, 12, 93, § 119.
  3. III. The excrements of new-born children, Plin. 28, 4, 13, § 52.

mēcum, i. e. cum me, with me, like tecum, secum, etc., v. ego.

med, for me, v. ego.

meddix (medix), icis, m. [from the root med-, medeor; cf. Homeric μέδοντες], he who cares for, attends to, a curator, the title of a magistrate among the Oscans: meddix apud Oscos nomen magistratūs est. Ennius: summus ibi capitur meddix, occiditur alter, Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll. (Enn. Ann. v. 296 Vahl.).
With the epithet tuticus (which prob. answers to the summus of Ennius, and is allied to totus), joined into one word, meddixtuticus or medixtuticus, Liv. 24, 19, 2; 26, 6, 13: is summus magistratus erat Campanis, id. 23, 35, 13.

Mēdēa, ae (arch.

  1. I. gen. Medeaï, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63; v. Enn. p. 127, v. 292 Vahl.; nom. Mēdē, acc. to id. p. 130, v. 311 Vahl.), and Mēdīa, f., = Μήδεια, a celebrated sorceress, daughter of Æetes, king of Colchis. She assisted her lover, Jason the Argonaut, in obtaining the golden fleece, accompanied him to Greece, and prevented her father, who was in pursuit, from overtaking them, by strewing the sea with her brother’s limbs. When Jason afterwards repudiated her, in order to marry Creusa, she killed the children she had had by him, and burned the bride to death in her palace: item ut Medea Peliam concoxit senem, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 52; Ov. M. 7, 9 sqq.; Hyg. Fab. 21, 22, 25: ne pueros coram populo Medea trucidet, Hor. A. P. 185.
    The subject of tragedies by several authors, v. Quint. 10, 1, 98.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. Medea Palatina, i. e. Clodia, Cic. Cael. 8, 18.
      2. 2. Medea nigra, a precious stone, so named after Medea, Plin. 37, 10, 63, § 173.
        Hence,
  2. II. Mēdēis, ĭdis, f. adj., Medean, magical (poet.): Medeides herbae, Ov. A. A. 2, 101.

mĕdēla (mĕdella, Lachm. ad Lucr. p. 204; Schol. Bob. ad Cic. Red. ad Quir. p. 251, 8 Bait.), ae, f. [medeor], a healing, cure, a remedy (post-class.).

  1. I. Lit.: facere medelam, Gell. 12, 5, 3: facere medelarum miracula, id. 16, 11, 2: vulneribus medelas adhibere, App. M. 8, p. 210, 4.
  2. II. Trop., a remedy, means of redress: legum, Gell. 20, 1, 22; Aus. Prof. 15: quibus rebus veluti medela adventus Alexandri fuit, Just. 11, 1, 7.

mĕdens, entis, v. medeor fin.

Medĕon, ōnis, m., = Μεδεών.

  1. I. A city in Dalmatia, Liv. 44, 23.
  2. II. A city in Bœotia, Plin. 4, 7, 12, § 26.

mĕdĕor, 2, v. dep. n. [root madh, to be wise; Zend, madha, the healing art; cf. μάθος, also medicus, re-med-ium], to heal, cure, be good for or against a disease (syn.: medico, sano, curo); constr. with dat., rarely with contra, very rarely with acc. (class.).

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. Of pers. subjects: medico non solum morbus ejus, cui mederi volet, cognoscendus est, Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 186.
      Prov.: cum capiti mederi debeam, reduviam curo, i. e. to neglect matters of importance while attending to trifles, Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 128.
    2. B. Of subjects not personal: contra serpentium ictus mederi, Plin. 9, 31, 51, § 99: oculis herba chelidonia, id. 8, 27, 41, § 98: dolori dentium, id. 20, 1, 2, § 4: capitis vulneribus, id. 24, 6, 22, § 36: medendi ars, the healing art, art of medicine, Ov. A. A. 2, 735; id. M. 7, 526; Lact. 1, 18 fin.
      Pass.: ut ex vino stomachi dolor medeatur, Hier. Ep. 22, 4; cf.: medendae valetudini leniendisque morbis opem adhibere, Suet. Vesp. 8.
  2. II. Trop., to remedy, relieve, amend, correct, restore, etc.
          1. (α) With dat.: huic malo, Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 26: dies stultis quoque mederi solet, id. Fam. 7, 28, 3: incommodis omnium, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10: afflictae et perditae rei publicae, id. Sest. 13, 31: religioni, id. Verr. 2, 4, 51, § 114: inopiae rei frumentariae, Caes. B. G. 5, 24: tum satietati, tum ignorantiae lectorum, to provide against, Nep. Pelop. 1, 1: rei alicui lege aut decreto senatus, Tac. A. 4, 16.
          2. (β) With acc.: quas (cupiditates) mederi possis, Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 2; Just. Inst. 2, 7.
            Pass.: aquae medendis corporibus nobiles, Vell. 2, 25, 4.
            Absol.: aegrescit medendo, his disorder increases with the remedy, Verg. A. 12, 46.
            Impers. pass.: ut huic vitio medeatur, Vitr. 6, 11.
            Hence, mĕdens, entis (gen. plur. medentum, Ov. M. 15, 629), subst., a physician (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): veluti pueris absinthia tetra medentes cum dare conantur, Lucr. 1, 936; Ov. H. 21, 14: Democrates e primis medentium, Plin. 25, 8, 49, § 87; Plin. Pan. 22.

Mēdi, ōrum, m., = Μῆδοι, the Medes; poet. also for the Assyrians, Persians, Parthians, Mel. 1, 2, 5; Cic. Off. 2, 12, 41; Hor. C. 1, 2, 51; 2, 16, 6; Luc. 8, 386; Pers. 3, 53.
In sing.: Medusque et Indus, Hor. C. 4, 14, 42: pervigil, Val. Fl. 5, 604.
Hence,

  1. A. Mēdus, a, um, adj., Median, Assyrian, etc.: Hydaspes, Verg. G. 4, 211: acinaces, Hor. C. 1, 27, 5: sagittae, Prop. 3, 10 (4, 11), 11: flumen, i. e. doubtless the Euphrates, the most famous river of the remote East; though some understand it to mean the river Medus, a small branch of the Araxes, mentioned by Strabo, Hor. C. 2, 9, 21.
  2. B. Mēdĭa, ae, f., = Μηδία, a country lying between Armenia, Parthia, Hyrcania, and Assyria, the modern Azerbijan, Shirvan, Ghilan, and Mazanderan, Plin. 6, 26, 29, § 114; Verg. G. 2, 126.
  3. C. Mēdĭcus, a, um, adj., Median, Assyrian, Persian, etc.: vestis, Persian, Nep. Paus. 3: rura, Luc. 8, 368: arbor, the orange-tree, Plin. 12, 3, 7, § 15: mala, Assyrian, i. e. oranges, citrons, id. 15, 14, 14, § 47: smaragdi, id. 37, 5, 18, § 71: dea, i. e. Nemesis, a statue of Parian marble, Aus. Ep. 24, 54.
    Mē-dĭcus, i, m., a surname of the emperor Verus, on account of his victory over the Medes, Capitol. Verr. 7; v. Medica.

1. mĕdĭālis, e, adj. [medius], middle; subst.: mĕdĭāle, is, n., the middle (late Lat.), Sol. 20, 9 al.

‡ 2. mĕdĭālis, e, adj.: medialem appellabant hostiam atram, quam meridie immolabant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 124 Müll.; cf. meridies init.

Mĕdĭamna, ae, f. [medius-amnis], = Μεσοποταμία, Mesopotamia, Prisc. 1097 P.

mĕdĭans, antis, P. a., v. medio.

mĕdĭānus, a, um, adj. [medius], that is in the middle, middle (except Vitr., only post-class.): columnae, Vitr. 3, 2, 6: acroteria, id. 3, 5, 12: capita leonina, id. 3, 5, 15: digitus, Veg. Vet. 2, 40, 3: filius, Hier. Ep. 73, 3: porta, Inscr. Fabr. 463, 95.
Subst.: mĕdĭānum, i, n., the middle part, the middle: ex mediano coenaculi, Dig. 9, 3, 5, § 2.
Plur.: mediana malvarum, Apic. 4, 2, 133.

mĕdĭastīnus, i, m. [medius], a common servant, drudge, employed in all kinds of menial occupations (class.): tu illi mediastinus, Cato ap. Non. 143, 9: atque bubulcus, Lucil. ib. 7: exercitus collectus ex senibus desperatis, ex agresti luxuria, ex rusticis mediastinis, decoctoribus, Cic. Cat. 2, 3, 5 (dub.): tu mediastinus tacitā prece rura petebas, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 14; Col. 2, 13, 7; 1, 9, 3: Prodicus instituens quam vocant iatralepticen, reunctoribus quoque medicorum, ac mediastinis vectigal invenit, i. e. medical assistants, Plin. 29, 1, 2, § 4; Dig. 4, 9, 1, § 5.

mĕdĭātĕnus, adv. [mediā tenus, like hactenus], as far as the middle, half way over, Mart. Cap. 6, § 683; 8, § 873 init.

mĕdĭātor, ōris, m. [medius], a mediator (post-class., esp. in eccl. Lat.): tot mediatorum praesentia, App. M. 9, 36, p. 202: mediator unius non est, Vulg. Gal. 3, 20; cf. v. 19; id. Heb. 8, 6: mediator advenit, id est Deus in carne, Lact. 4, 25; Tert. Carn. 15; id. Resurr. 51 al.; Aug. Conf. 10, 42, 2 sq.

mĕdĭātrix, icis, f. [mediator], a mediatrix (post-class.), Alcim. Avit. 5, 565.

‡ mĕdĭbĭle, medicabile, Paul. ex Fest. p. 123, 21 Müll.

1. Mēdĭca, ae, f., = Μηδική [Media], an excellent kind of clover introduced from Media; Burgundy-clover, lucern (Medicago sativa), Verg. G. 1, 215; Plin. 18, 16, 43, § 144; Varr. R. R. 1, 42.

2. mĕdĭca, ae, a female physician; v 1. medicus, II. B.

mĕdĭcābĭlis, e, adj. [medicor].

  1. I. Pass., that can be healed or cured, curable (poet. and not ante-Aug.): nullis amor est medicabilis herbis, Ov. M. 1, 523; id. H. 5, 149: vulnus, Sil. 10, 416.
  2. II. Act., healing, curative, medicinal (post-Aug.): sucus, Col. 7, 10, 8: mel, Pall. Jan. 15, 19: carmen, soothing, Val. Fl. 4, 87.
    Hence, adv.: mĕ-dĭcābĭlĭter, medicinally (post-class.), Pall. Febr. 31, 2.

mĕdĭcābŭlum, i, n. [medicor], a healthy place (post-class.): aegris medicabula, App Flor. p. 353, 6.

mĕdĭcāmen, ĭnis, n. [medicor], a drug, medicament, in a good and a bad sense, meaning both a healing substance, remedy, medicine, and, as also medicamentum and the Gr. φάρμακον, a poisonous drug, poison (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; only once in Cic.; cf., on the contrary, medicamentum).

  1. I. Lit., a remedy, antidote, medicine: violentis medicaminibus curari, * Cic. Pis. 6, 13: agrestia medicamina adhibent, Tac. A. 12, 51: facies medicaminibus interstincta, plasters, id. ib. 4, 57: medicamen habendum est, Juv. 14, 254: medicaminis datio vel impositio, Cod. Just. 6, 23, 28: potentia materni medicaminis, Pall. 3, 28: tantum (ejus) medicamina possunt quae steriles facit, Juv. 6, 595.
    1. B. Trop., a remedy, antidote (poet.): iratae medica mina fortia praebe, Ov. A. A. 2, 489 sq.. quasso medicamina Imperio circumspectare, Sil. 15, 7, 1.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. A poisonous drug, poison: infusum delectabili cibo boletorum venenum, nec vim medicaminis statim mtellectam, Tac. A. 12, 67: noxium, id. ib. 14, 51: impura, Flor. 2, 20, 7; Val. Fl. 8, 17.
    2. B. A coloring-matter, tincture, dye, Plin. 9, 38, 62, § 135: croceum, Luc. 3, 238.
      1. 2. In partic., a paint, wash, cosmetic: est mihi, quo dixi vestrae medicamina formae, Parvus, sed cura grande libellus opus, i. e. the treatise Medicamina faciei, Ov. A. A. 3, 205: facies medicamine attrita, Petr. 126.
    3. C. In gen., an artificial means of improving a thing: qui (caseus) exiguum medicaminis habet, i. e. rennet, Col. 7, 8: vitiosum, i. e. conditura, id. 12, 20: vina medicamine instaurare, Plin. 14, 20, 25, § 126: seminum, i. e. manure, id. 17, 14, 22, § 99.

mĕdĭcāmentārĭus, a, um, adj. [medicamentum], of or belonging to drugs or to poisons; only subst.

  1. I. mĕdĭcāmen-tārĭus, ii, m.
    1. A. A druggist, apothecary, Plin. 19, 6, 33, § 110.
    2. B. A preparer of poisons: homicida vel medicamentarius, Cod. Th. 3, 16, 1.
  2. II. mĕdĭcāmentā-rĭa, ae, f., a female mixer of poisons: moecha vel medicamentaria, Cod. Th. 3, 16, 1.
    1. B. The art of preparing drugs, pharmacy: medicamentaria a Chirone (reperta), Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 196.

mĕdĭcāmentōsus, a, um, adj. [medicamentum], that has a healing power, medicinal (perh. only ἅπαξ εἰρημ.; in Cato, R. R. 157, 2 dub.; al. medicamento): aqua, Vitr. 8, 3, 4.

mĕdĭcāmentum, i, n. [medicor], a drug, remedy, physic, medicine, medicament.

  1. I. Lit.: medicamentum alicui dare ad aquam intercutem, Cic. Off. 3, 24, 92: haurire, Plin. 24, 19, 113, § 174: sumere, to take, Curt. 3, 6, 3: componere, to compound, Plin. 32, 9, 34, § 106: somnificum, id. 37, 10, 57, § 158: medicamenta salubria, Liv. 8, 18: salutaria, Cic. N. D. 2, 53, 132.
    Also of remedies applied externally: medicamentis delibutus, Cic. Brut. 60, 217.
    1. B. Transf., like the Gr. φάρμακον, a drug, a potion.
      1. 1. A hurtful drug, poison: quaerit ibidem ab Hannibale, cur biberit medicamentum, Varr. ap. Non. 345, 23: coquere medicamenta, Liv. 8, 18: medicamentis partum abigere, Cic. Clu. 11, 32: medicamento sagittas tingere, Plin. 27, 11, 76, § 101: amatorium, a love-potion, philter, Suet. Calig. 50; of an enchanted potion, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 80.
      2. 2. A tincture for dyeing, a color, dye, mordant, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 521, 20: crassius, Sen. Q. N. 1, 3: rudia, Plin. 35, 6, 26, § 44.
      3. 3. A seasoning, condiment, Col. 12, 20.
      4. 4. A paint, wash, cosmetic, Sen. Ben. 7, 9, 2.
      5. 5. A plastering, Vop. Firm. 3.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. A remedy, relief, antidote (rare but class.): multorum medicamentum laborum, Cic. Clu. 71, 201: doloris medicamenta illa Epicurea, id. Fin. 2, 7, 22: panchrestum medicamentum (sc. pecunia), id. Verr. 2, 3, 65, § 152.
    2. B. (Acc. to I. B. 4.) An embellishment: medicamenta fucati candoris, et ruboris, Cic. Or. 23, 79.
    3. C. An enchantment: ne quid mali medicamenti inferretur, Plin. 28, 9, 37, § 142.

* mĕdĭcātĭo, ōnis, f. [medicor], lit., a healing, cure; hence, in agriculture, a besprinkling with vegetable juices, e. g., of lentils, to preserve them from the corn-worm, Col. 2, 10, 16.

mĕdĭcātor, ōris, m. [medicor], a physician (post-class.): annunciari Christum medicatorem, Tert. adv. Marc. 3, 17; Avien. Arat. 216.

1. mĕdĭcātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., v. medico.

2. mĕdĭcātus, ūs, m. [medicor], a charm (poet.), Ov. H. 12, 165.

mĕdĭcīna, ae, v. medicinus, II.

mĕdĭcīnālis, e, adj. [medicina], of or pertaining to medicine, medical, medicinal (not ante-Aug.): ars, Cels. praef.: cucurbitulae, cupping-glasses, Plin. 32, 10, 42, § 123: mortarium, id. 36, 22, 43, § 157: scalprum, Scrib. Compos. 53: digitus, the next to the little finger, Macr. S. 7, 13.

mĕdĭcīnus, a, um, adj. [1. medicus], of or belonging to a physician or surgeon, medical (as adj. only ante- and post-class.; as subst. class.).

  1. I. Adj.: ars, the healing art, medicine, Varr. L. L. 5, § 93 Müll.; Hyg. Fab. 274; Aug. Conf. 4, 3.
  2. II. Subst.: mĕdĭcīna, ae, f.
    1. A. (Sc. ars.) The healing or medical art, medicine, surgery: ut medicina (ars est) valetudinis, Cic. Fin. 5, 6, 16; id. Off. 1, 42, 151: medicina, quae ex observatione salubrium atque his contrariorum reperta est, Quint. 2, 17, 9: tertiam esse partem medicinae, quae manu curet, i. e. surgery, Cels. prooem. 7: medicinam excolere, id. ib.: exercere, Cic. Clu. 63, 178: facere, Phaedr. 1, 14, 2: factitare, to practise, Quint. 7, 2, 26: clarus medicinā, Plin. 25, 2, 5, § 15.
    2. B. (Sc. officina.) The shop of a physician or surgeon; the booth in which a physician waited on his patients and vended his medicines (rare; not in Cic.): in medicinis, in tonstrinis, Plaut. Am. 4, 1, 6; cf.: veteres absolute dicebant pistrinam et sutrinam et medicinam, Don. Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 45 (the taberna of the physician is mentioned in Plin. 29, 1, 6, § 12).
    3. C. (Sc. res.) A remedy, medicine.
      1. 1. Lit.: si medicus veniat, qui huic morbo facere medicinam potest, i. e. heal, cure, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 76: accipere medicinam, Cic. Att. 12, 21, 5.
        1. b. Transf.
          1. * (α) Like medicamentum, poison, Att. ap. Non. 20, 31 (Trag. Rel. v. 579 Rib.).
          2. (β) The pruning of vines, Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 191.
      2. 2. Trop., a remedy, relief, antidote (a favorite word of Cic.): singulis medicinam consilii atque orationis meae afferam, Cic. Cat. 2, 8, 17: sed non egeo medicinā: me ipse consolor, id. Lael. 3, 10: sublevatio et medicina, id. Rep. 2, 34, 59: temporis, id. Fam. 5, 16, 6: doloris, id. Ac. 1, 3: laboris, id. Fin. 5, 19, 54: calamitatis, id. Tusc. 3, 22, 54: quae sanaret vitiosas partes rei publicae, id. Att. 2, 1, 7: crede mihi, non ulla tua’st medicina figurae, i. e. no means of rendering beautiful, Prop. 1, 2, 7: periculorum, Cic. Sest. 23, 51: malorum, Ov. Tr. 5, 1, 33: curae, id. P. 1, 2, 43.
        In plur.: his quatuor causis totidem medicinae opponuntur, Cic. de Or. 2, 83, 339.

mĕdĭco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [1. medicus], to heal, cure (poet. and in post-Aug. prose for the class. medeor).

  1. I. Lit.
          1. (α) With acc.: ego istum lepide medicabo metum, Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 40: (apes) odore galbani, Col. 9, 13, 7: vulneris aestus, Sil. 6, 98: furores, Nemes. Ecl. 2, 28.
          2. (β) With dat.: tremulis membris, Ser. Samm. 48, 902.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. To impart the virtue of a remedy, give healing power to: hoc fusum labris splendentibus amnem Inficit, occulte medicans, Verg. A. 12, 418.
    2. B. To besprinkle with the juice of herbs, to medicate: semina, to steep, Verg. G. 1, 193: semina omnia suco herbae quae sedum appellatur, medicare, Col. 11, 30, 40: exigua portione medicatur aqua, id. 6, 4, 4; 9, 13, 3: vinum medicatum, i. e. spurious, adulterated, id. 1, 6, 20: merum, Front. 2, 5, 12: ficus, Plin. 16, 27, 51, § 118.
    3. C. To color, dye, with tingere: capillos, Ov. Am. 1, 14, 6.
      Hence, mĕdĭcātus, a, um, P. a.
      1. 1. Besprinkled with juices, sprinkled, medicated (poet. and post-Aug.): semina suco herbae sedi, Col. 1, 3: sedes, places sprinkled with the juice of herbs, Verg. G. 4, 65: somnus, produced by a juice or a charm, Ov. H. 12, 107: fruges, Verg. A. 6, 420: lana medicata fuco, stained, dyed, Hor. C. 3, 5, 28: Amyclaeis medicatum vellus ahenis, Ov. R. Am. 707.
        To poison: boletum medicatum, i. e. poisoned, Suet. Claud. 44: herbae, Col. 11, 3, 64; cf.: medicata veneno tela, Sil. 7, 453: medicatae cuspidis ictus, id. 13, 197: mortui, embalmed, Mel. 1, 57.
      2. 2. Useful or good for healing, medicinal: aquae medicatae, Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 9: sapor aquae, Plin. Ep. 8, 20, 4: fontes, Cels. 4, 5; Sen. Prov. 2, 1; Plin. 2, 93, 95, § 207: potio, Curt. 3, 6, 2: inguen, Juv. 12, 36.
        Comp.: lac bubulum medicatius, Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 124.
        Sup.: res medicatissimae, Plin. 28, 7, 23, § 78.

mĕdĭcor, ātus, 1, v. dep. a. [id.], to heal, cure.

  1. I. Lit. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
          1. (α) With dat.: senibus medicantur anhelis, Verg. G. 2, 135.
          2. (β) With acc.: cuspidis ictum, Verg. A. 7, 756.
  2. II. Trop., to cure, relieve (ante-class.): cum ego possim in hac re medicari mihi, Ter. And. 5, 4, 41: alicui, id. ib. 5, 1, 12: ego istum lepide medicabor metum, Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 40 Weise (Lorenz, medicabo).

mĕdĭcōsus, a, um, adj. [1. medicus], healing (post-class.): fomentationes, Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1.

1. mĕdĭcus, a, um [medeor], of or pertaining to healing, healing, curative, medical (as adj., poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

  1. I. Adj.: medicas adhibere manus ad vulnera, Verg. G. 3, 455: ars, Ov. Tr. 5, 6, 12: potus, Nemes. Cyn. 222: vis, Plin. 36, 27, 69, § 202: salubritas, id. 5, 16, 15, § 72: usus, id. 22, 25, 81, § 163: digitus, the next to the little finger (cf. medicinalis), id. 30, 12, 34, § 108.
    1. * B. Transf., magical: Marmaridae, medicum vulgus, ad quorum tactum mites jacuere cerastae, Sil. 3, 300.
  2. II. Subst.:
    1. A. mĕdĭcus, i, m.
      1. 1. A medical man, physician, surgeon (class.): medicus nobilissimus atque optimus quaeritur, Cic. Clu. 21, 57: medicum arcessere, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 122: admovere aegro, Suet. Ner. 37: vulnerum, a surgeon, Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 22: caeduntur tumidae medico ridente mariscae, Juv. 2, 13; cf.: medicus ait se obligasse crus fractum Aesculapio, Apollini autem bracchium, Plaut. Men. 5, 3, 9: MEDICVS CLINICVS, CHIRVRGVS, OCVLARIVS, Inscr. Orell. 2983: AVRICVLARIVS, ib. 4227: IVMENTARIVS, ib. 4229; cf.: medici pecorum, Varr. R. R. 2, 7 fin.: LEGIONIS, Inscr. Orell. 448; 4996: DVPLARIVS TRIREMIS, ib. 3640: instrumentum medici, Paul. Sent. 3, 6, 62.
        Prov.: medice, cura teipsum, Vulg. Luc. 4, 23.
      2. 2. The finger next the little finger, Gr. δάκτυλος ἰατρικός, Auct. Her. 3, 20, 33.
    2. B. mĕdĭ-ca, ae, f., a female physician (post-class.), App. M. 5, p. 363 Oud.; Inscr. Orell. 4230 sq.; Inscr. Grut. 635, 9; 636, 1 sq.
      Also, a midwife, Interpr. Paul. Sent. 2, 24, 8; Ambros. Ep. 5.
    3. C. mĕdĭca, ōrum, n., medicinal herbs, Plin. 19, 5, 27, § 89.

2. Mēdĭcus, a, um, v. Medi, II. B.

mĕdīdies, v. meridies.

mĕdĭē, adv., v. medius fin.

mĕdĭĕtas, ātis, f. [medius], the middle, place in the middle, midst (in Cic. only as transl. of the Gr. μεσότης; elsewhere postclass.).

  1. I. Lit.: vix audeo dicere medietates, quas Graeci μεσότητας appellant, Cic. Univ. 7, 20: narium, Lact. 10, 19: totius loci, App. M. 2, p. 116, 6: sic feliciore loco medietatis est positus (sc. homo), App. Asclep. 6, p. 79: in mediatate distinctis aquis, Tert. de Bapt. 3.
    1. B. Transf., a half, moiety (syn. dimidium): decoquere aliquid usque ad medietatem, Pall. Mart. 10, 10 and 30: sulcum usque ad medietatem replere, id. Mai. 3: debiti, Cod. Th. 4, 19, 1.
  2. II. Trop., a middle course, medium: medietatem quandam sequi, Dig. 5, 4, 3 fin.; Arn. 2, 65: ejusmodi medietates inter virtutes et vitia intercedere, App. Dogm. Plat. p. 14, 3.

mĕdĭlūnĭus, a, um, adj. [mediusluna], in the middle of the month, having half a disk, half-orbed (post-class): (luna) primo est corniculata, deinde medilunia, Mart. Cap. 7, § 738.

† mĕdimnum, i, n., and mĕdim-nus, i, m., = μέδιμνος, a Greek measure of corn, a Greek bushel (containing six modii): primus, secundus, tertius medimnus, Lucil. ap. Non. 213, 21; so in masc. form, Nep. Att. 2 fin.: medimnum tritici seritur, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 47, § 112: ut quot jugera sunt sata, totidem medimna decumae debeantur, id. ib. 2, 3, 47, § 113; in gen. plur.: medimnūm, id. ib.; so id. ib. 2, 3, 37, § 84; 2, 3, 39, § 90; Varr. ap. Non. 495, 32 (cf. Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 107).

mĕdĭo, 1, v. a. [medius], to halve, divide in the middle (post-class.), Apic. 3, 9.

  1. B. Neutr., to be in the middle: melius Juno mediante, Pall. Mart. 10, 32.

* mĕdĭō̆crĭcŭlus, a, um, adj. dim. [mediocris], rather middling: exercitus, Cato ap. Fest. p. 154, and Paul. ex Fest. p. 155 Müll.

mĕdĭō̆cris, e (ō usually; rarely ŏ), adj. [medius], in a middle state between too much and too little, middling, moderate, tolerable, ordinary; sometimes also, not remarkable, indifferent, mediocre.

  1. I. In gen. (class.).
    1. A. Lit., of size, quantity, degree, etc., in material things: castellum, Sall. J. 92, 5: spatium, Caes. B. G. 5, 43: agmen, Hirt. B. G. 8, 9: intervallum, id. B. Alex. 30.
    2. B. Of mind, character, ability, acts, achievements, etc.: C. L. Memmii fuerunt oratores mediocres, Cic. Brut. 36, 136: L. Cotta in mediocrium oratorum numero, id. ib. 36, 137: non mediocres viri, sed maximi et docti, id. Rep. 3, 11, 19: homines, id. de Or. 1, 21, 94: vir, Just. 1, 4, 4: poëta, Hor. A. P. 372: in mediocribus vel studiis vel officiis, Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 4: amicitia, id. Lael. 6, 10: malum, id. Tusc. 3, 10, 22: artes, id. de Or. 1, 2, 6: eloquentia, id. ib. 1, 29, 133: ingenium, id. ib. 2, 27, 119: excusare … mediocris est animi, narrow, small, Caes. B. C. 3, 20: ut mediocris jacturae te mergat onus, Juv. 13, 7.
  2. II. Esp.
    1. A. Per litoten, with non (haud, nec), not insignificant, not common or trivial: Jugurthae non mediocrem animum pollicitando accendebant, i. e. ardent, ambitious, Sall. J. 8, 1: non mediocris hominis haec sunt officia, Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 9: haud mediocris hic, ut ego quidem intellego, vir fuit, Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 55: nec mediocre telum ad res gerendas, id. Lael. 17, 61: non mediocrem sibi diligentiam adhibendam intellegebat, uncommon, extraordinary, Caes. B. G. 3, 20: praemium non mediocre, Suet. Vesp. 18: non mediocris dissensio, Quint. 9, 1, 10 et saep.
    2. * B. With syllaba, common = anceps: syllabarum longarum et brevium et mediocrium junctura, Gell. 16, 18, 5.
      Hence, adv.: mĕdĭō̆crĭ-ter.
      1. 1. Moderately, tolerably, ordinarily, not particularly, not very, not remarkably, not much (class.): ordo annalium mediocriter nos retinet, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 5: corpus mediocriter aegrum, id. Tusc. 3, 10, 22.
          1. (β) By litotes, with haud, ne, non (cf.: supra, mediocris, II. A.): flagitium, et damnum haud mediocriter, Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 13: non mediocriter, in no moderate degree, Caes. B. G. 1, 39: reprehensus est non mediocriter, i. e. greatly, exceedingly, very much, Quint. 11, 1, 17; so id. 8, 2, 2; 9; 11, 1, 57 al.
          2. (γ) Very little: ne mediocriter quidem disertus, not in the least, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 91.
      2. 2. With moderation, calmly, tranquilly = modice (rare, and perh. only in Cic.): quod mihi non mediocriter ferendum videtur, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 41, § 95.
        Comp.: hoc vellem mediocrius, Cic. Att. 1, 20, 5.

mĕdĭō̆crĭtas, ātis, f. [mediocris].

  1. I. A middle state, a medium, mean; moderateness, moderation (class.): mediocritatem illam tenere, quae est inter nimium et parum, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 89; 1, 39, 140: in dicendo, mediocrity, id. de Or. 1, 25, 117: dicendi, id. Brut. 66, 235: vultus, i. e. a medium between excessive gayety and over-seriousness, Auct. Her. 3, 15, 26: auream quisquis mediocritatem Diligit, Hor. C. 2, 10, 5.
    Of style: cum omnis virtus sit mediocritas, Cic. Brut. 40, 149: mediocritatis (exemplum esse) Terentium, Varr. ap. Gell. 6, 14, 6.
    In plur.: mediocritates illi probabant, moderate passions, Cic. Ac. 2, 44, 135: mediocritates vel perturbationum vel morborum animi, id. Tusc. 3, 10, 22.
  2. II. Meanness, insignificance, littleness, inferiority (rare but class.): hominum, Vell. 2, 130, 3: quod meae mediocritati conveniret, my insignificance, Gell. 14, 2, 25; cf.: mediocritas nostra, my modest self, Vell. 2, 111, 3: ingenii, Cic. Phil. 2, 1, 2: memoriae, Quint. 11, 2, 39.

mĕdĭō̆crĭter, adv., v. mediocris fin.

Mĕdĭōlānum or Mĕdĭōlānĭum, i, n.

  1. I. A city in Gallia Cisalpina, the capital of the Insubres, the mod. Milan. Form Mediolanum, Plin. 3, 17, 21, § 124; Just. 29, 5, 8; Tac. H. 1, 70; Aus. de Clar. Urb. 4, 1. Form Mediolanium, Liv. 5, 34, 9; 34, 46, 1; Suet. Aug. 20.
    Hence,
    1. B. Mĕdĭōlā-nensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Milan, Milanese: (ager), Varr. R. R. 1, 8: praeco, Cic. Pis. 26, 62.
      In plur.: Mĕdĭōlānen-ses, ĭum, m., the Milanese, Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 2.
  2. II. The chief city of the Santoni in Gaul, on the river Carantonus, now Saintes, Amm. 15, 11, 12; Itin. Anton. p. 459, 3.

Mĕdĭōmātrĭci, ōrum, m., a people of Gaul, on the Moselle, in the neighborhood of Metz, Caes. B. G. 4, 10.
Hence, Mĕdĭ-ōmātrĭcus, a, um, adj.
In sing., Inscr. Grut. 731, 12; and in fem., Inscr. Orell. 3523.

† 1. mēdĭon, ii, n., = μήδιον, a medicinal plant, Plin. 27, 12, 79, § 104.

2. Mĕdĭon, ōnis, f., a city of Acarnania, Liv. 36, 11, 10; 36, 12, 1; 44, 23, 3.
Hence, Mĕdĭōnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Medion.
Plur. subst.: Mĕ-dĭōnii, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Medion, Liv. 36, 12, 3.

mĕdĭoxĭmē (mĕdĭoxŭmē), adv., v. medioximus fin.

mĕdĭoxĭmus (mĕdĭoxŭmus), a, um, adj. [superlative of an obsolete mediox for medius].

  1. I. In the middle, middlemost: medio actum modo, Non. 141, 4: medioximus, μέσος, Gloss. Philox. (anteand post-class.): medioxumam quam duxit uxorem, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 67: ita me di deaeque superi atque inferi et medioxumi, i. e. holding a middle place between the supernal and infernal deities, id. ib. 2, 1, 35: tertium habent (deorum genus), quos medioximos Romani veteres appellant, quod et sui ratione et loco et potestate diis summis sunt minores, hominum natura profecto majores, between gods and men, App. Dogm. Plat. 1, p. 8: quidam aras superiorum deorum volunt esse, medioxumorum, id est marinorum, focos, inferorum mundos, i. e. the sea-gods, between those of heaven and those of Hades, Serv. Verg. A. 3, 134.
    Of tutelar deities: hos omnes Graeci δαίμονας dicunt, ἀπὸ τοῦ δαήμονας εἶναι: Latini medioximos vocitarunt, Mart. Cap. 2, § 154.
  2. II. Middling, moderate: medioximum mediocre, Paul. ex Fest. p. 123 Müll.
    Hence, *adv.: mĕdĭ-oxĭmē (mĕdĭoxŭmē), moderately, tolerably, Varr. ap. Non. 141, 7.

medipontus, i, m., a kind of thick rope (ante-class.): medipontos privos loreos (al. melipontos), Cato, R. R. 3, 5; 12.

mĕdĭtābundus, a, um, adj. [meditor], earnestly meditating, designing; with acc. (post-class.): Romanum meditabundus bellum, Just. 38, 3, 7.

mĕdĭtāmen, ĭnis, n. [meditor], a thinking of any thing, a preparation (poet.): meditamina belli, Sil. 8, 326: rerum, Prud. Psych. 234.

mĕdĭtāmentum, i, n. [meditor], a thinking of any thing, a preparation.

  1. I. In gen.: belli, Tac. H. 4, 26; id. A. 15, 35: arietum meditamenta, thoughtfully prepared battering-rams, Amm. 23, 4, 10.
  2. * II. In partic.; plur.: puerilia, rudiments taught to children at school, Gell. 8, 10 in lemm.

mĕdĭtātē, adv., v. meditor fin.

mĕdĭtātĭo, ōnis, f. [meditor], a thinking over any thing, contemplation, meditation (class.).

  1. I. Lit. (very rare): stultam esse meditationem futuri mali, aut fortasse ne futuri quidem, Cic. Tusc. 3, 15, 32.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Preparation for any thing (so most freq.): multa commentatio atque meditatio, Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118; obeundi sui muneris, id. Phil. 9, 1, 2: meditatio atque exercitatio, id. Div. 2, 46, 96: nulla meditationis suspicio, id. Brut. 37, 139: mortis, Sen. Ep. 54, 2: campestris, Plin. Pan. 13, 35: dicendi, Quint. 2, 10, 2: rhetoricae, Gell. 20, 5, 2.
    2. B. Of things, exercise, practice in any thing, custom, habit: ramum edomari meditatione curvandi, Plin. 17, 19, 30, § 137.

mĕdĭtātĭuncŭlā, ae, f. [dim. of meditatio], a small or trifling preparation, Claud. Mam. de Stat. Anim. 1, 3.

mĕdĭtātīvus, a, um, adj. [meditor], meditative (post-class.): meditativa verba, which signify a desire to perform an action, also called desiderativa (as lecturio, etc.), Diom. p. 336 P.; Prisc. 825 ib.

mĕdĭtātor, ōris, m. [meditor], one who thinks or plans, a meditator (post-class.): meditator (al. meditatus), Prud. στεφ. 5, 265.

mĕdĭtātōrĭum, ii, n. [meditator].

  1. I. A preparation (eccl. Lat.): meditatorium Evangelii, Hier. Ep. 78.
  2. II. A place of preparation, Hier. in Jovin. 2, 12.

1. mĕdĭtātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from meditor, q. v.

2. mĕdĭtātus, ūs, m. [meditor], a thinking, meditating upon any thing, a meditation, i. q. meditatio (post-class.), App. M. 3, p. 135, 31.

mĕdĭ-terrānĕus, a, um, adj. [mediusterra], midland, inland, remote from the sea, mediterranean (opp. to maritimus).

  1. I. Adj. (class.): nascitur ibi plumbum album in mediterraneis regionibus, in maritimis ferrum, Caes. B. G. 5, 12, 5: locus (opp. maritimus), Quint. 5, 10, 37: homines maxime mediterranei, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 27, § 70: Enna mediterranea est maxime, id. ib. 2, 3, 83, § 191: commercium, Plin. 5, 10, 11, § 63: jurisdictiones, id. 5, 28, 29, § 105: copiae, Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 28.
    1. B. Esp., in late Lat.: Mediterraneum mare, the Mediterranean Sea, for Mare magnum, Isid. Orig. 13, 16.
  2. II. Subst.: mĕdĭterrānĕum, i, n., the interior (post-Aug.): in mediterraneo est Segeda, Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 10.
    In plur.: mĕdĭterrānĕa, ōrum, n., the inland parts, interior of a country: Galliae, Liv. 21, 31, 2: in mediterraneis Hispaniae, Plin. 33, 12, 51, § 158.

‡ mĕdĭterrĕus, a, um [mediusterra], inland, remote from the sea, another form of the preceding word: mediterream melius quam mediterraneam Sisenna dici putat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 123, 22 Müll.

mĕdĭtor, ātus, 1, v. dep. a. and n. [Sanscr. madh-a, wisdom; Gr. μάθος, μανθάνω, μήδομαι; cf.: medeor, re-med-ium, etc.]; act., to think or reflect upon, to muse over, consider, meditate upon; neutr., to think, reflect, muse, consider, meditate; to design, purpose, intend, etc.; constr. with acc., with ad, de, with dat., with inf., with a rel.-clause, or absol. (class.).

  1. I. Lit.
          1. (α) With acc.: semulque cursuram meditabor ad ludos Olympios, Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 34: ea para, meditare, cogita, quae, etc., Cic. Fam. 2, 5, 2: nihil aliud cogitare, meditari, curare nisi, etc., id. Rep. 1, 22, 35: forum, subsellia, rostra curiamque, id. de Or. 1, 8, 32: fugam ad legiones, Suet. Tib. 65: cor tuum meditabitur timorem, i. e. promote by meditation, Vulg. Isa. 33, 18.
          2. (β) With ad; ne ad eam rem meditere, Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 1: ad hujus vitae studium meditati illi sunt qui feruntur labores tui, id. Cat. 1, 10, 26.
          3. (γ) With de: ut de tua ratione meditere, Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 4.
          4. (δ) With dat. (ante-class.): nugis, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 107.
            (ε) With inf.: jam designatus alio incessu esse meditabatur, Cic. Agr. 2, 5, 13: multos annos regnare meditatus magno labore, id. Phil. 2, 45, 116: cum animo meditaretur proficisci in Persas, Nep. Ages. 4.
            (ζ) With a rel.-clause: ea nunc meditabor quo modo illi dicam, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 42: meditabor, quo modo cum illo loquar, Cic. Att. 9, 17, 1: quid contra dicerem, mecum ipse meditabor, id. N. D. 3, 1, 1: meditare, quibus verbis incensam illius cupiditatem comprimas, id. Pis. 25, 59.
            (η) Absol.: multis modis meditatus egomet mecum sum, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 2, 1: egressus ad meditandum in agro, Vulg. Gen. 24, 63.
  2. II. Transf., to meditate, study, exercise one’s self in, practise a thing: nugas est meditatus male, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 107: Demosthenes perfecit meditando, ut nemo planius esse locutus putaretur, Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 260; cf.: Demosthenes in litore meditans, Quint. 10, 3, 30: quid Crassus ageret meditandi aut discendi causā, Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 136: aut in foro dicere aut meditari extra forum, id. Brut. 88, 302: musam, Verg. E. 1, 2: arma, Veg. Mil. 1, 20: proelia, Juv. 4, 112.
    Transf., of animals: cervi editos partus exercent cursu, et fugam meditari docent, to practise flight, Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 113.
    Of things: semper cauda scorpionis in ictu est: nulloque momento meditari cessat, to move as in readiness to strike, i. e. to threaten, Plin. 11, 25, 30, § 87: semina meditantur aristas, Prud. Cath. 10, 132; also, to murmur, utter a sad cry: clamabo, meditabor ut columba, Vulg. Isa. 38, 14; 59, 11.
  3. III. In pass. signif. (in verb. fin. post-class. and very rare): adulteria meditantur, Min. Fel. Oct. 25, 1.
    But freq. in part. perf.: mĕdĭtā-tus, a, um.
    1. A. Exercised, practised, instructed (only Plautin.): cumque huc ad adulescentem meditatum probe mittam, Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 88: probe meditatam utramque duco, id. Mil. 3, 3, 29: murmura, Juv. 6, 539.
    2. B. Thought upon, meditated, weighed, considered, studied: meditati sunt doli docte, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 30: ea, quae meditata et praeparata inferuntur, Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27: meditatum et cogitatum scelus, id. Phil. 2, 34, 85: meditatum cogitatumque verbum, id. ib. 10, 2, 6: accuratae et meditatae commentationes, id. de Or. 1, 60, 257: oratio, Plin. 26, 3, 7, § 12: doli, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 31: meditata et composita oratio (opp. extemporized), Suet. Aug. 84.
      Subst.: mĕdĭtāta, ōrum, n., a carefully prepared speech: sive meditata sive subita proferret, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 2.
      Hence, adv.: mĕdĭtātē, thoughtfully, designedly, intentionally (ante-class. and post-Aug.): ne tu illorum mores perquam meditate tenes, knowest thoroughly, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 16: hau male meditate male dicax es, id. Curc. 4, 2, 26: effundere probra, Sen. Const. Sap. 11, 3.

‡ Mĕdĭtrīna, ae, f. [medeor, with fem. suffix -tri-, as in nutrix, genetrix; v. Corss. Ausspr. 2, 522], the goddess of Healing; v. the foll. art.

‡ Mĕdĭtrīnālĭa, ĭum, n. [Meditrina], a festival celebrated on the 11th of October in honor of Meditrina (on which occasion a libation of new wine was made for the first time): Octobri mense Meditrinalia dies dictus a medendo, quod Flaccus flamen Martialis dicebat, hoc die solitum vinum novum et vetus libari et degustari medicamenti causā: quod facere solent etiam nunc multi cum dicant: Novum vetus vinum libo: novo veteri vino morbo medeor, Varr. L. L. 6, § 21 Müll.: Meditrinalia dicta hac de causa. Mos erat Latinis populis, quo die quis primum gustaret mustum, dicere ominis gratiā: vetus novum vinum bibo, veteri novo morbo medeor. A quibus verbis etiam Meditrinae deae nomen conceptum ejusque sacra Meditrinalia dicta sunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 123, 15 Müll.; v. also Calend. Maff. et Amit. in Inscr. Orell. 2, p. 400.

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