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praesūmo, mpsi and msi, mptum and mtum, 3, v. a., to take before, take first or beforehand, take to one’s self (syn.: praeoccupo).

  1. I. Lit. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): neve domi praesume dapes, Ov. A. A. 3, 757: allium, Plin. 25, 5, 21, § 50: praesumere cibis frigidam, id. 28, 4, 14, § 55: remedia, Tac. A. 14, 3: heres meus rem illam illum permitte praesumere, et sibi habere, Gai. Epit. Inst. tit. 13: praesumpto tegmine, Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 1, 43; 2, 13, 160: praesumptum diadema, assumed before the legal age, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 166: suam cenam praesumit, takes his own supper first, Vulg. 1 Cor. 11, 21.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To take in advance: praesumere male audiendi patientiam, to provide one’s self with beforehand, Quint. 12, 9, 9: inviti judices audiunt praesumentem partes suas, who takes to himself, who encroaches upon, id. 11, 1, 27; 1, 1, 19: differenda igitur quaedam, et praesumenda, id. 8, 6, 63: illa in pueris natura minimum spei dederit, in quā ingenium judicio praesumitur, in which wit is preceded by judgment, where judgment takes the place of the inventive faculty, id. 2, 4, 7.
    2. B. To perform beforehand, to anticipate: heredum officia praesumere, Plin. Ep. 6, 10, 5: hanc ego vitam voto et cogitatione praesumo, i. e. I imagine or picture to myself beforehand, id. ib. 3, 1, 11: gaudium, quod ego olim pro te non temere praesumo, id. ib. 2, 10, 6.
    3. C. To spend or employ beforehand: sementibus tempora plerique praesumunt, Plin. 18, 25, 60, § 224: Vitellius fortunam principatus inerti luxu ac prodigis epulis praesumebat, enjoyed beforehand, Tac. H. 1, 62.
    4. D. To imagine, represent, or picture to one’s self beforehand: arma parate animis, et spe praesumite bellum, Verg. A. 11, 18: futura, Sen. Ep. 107, 3: semper praesumit saeva, perturbatā conscientiā, Vulg. Sap. 17, 10; hence, praesumptum habere, to presuppose, take for granted, Tac. A. 14, 64: utcunque se praesumit innocentem (sc. habendum esse), App. M. 7, 27, p. 200, 8.
    5. E. To foresee, to infer beforehand, anticipate: fortunam alicujus, Tac. A. 12, 41: eo instantius debita poscentes, quo graviorem militiam praesumebant, Just. 6, 2.
  3. F. To presume, take for granted, suppose, believe, assume: ab hostibus reverso filio, quem pater obiisse falso praesumpserat, Dig. 12, 6, 3: vulgo praesumitur, alium in litem non debere jurare, nisi, etc., ib. 12, 3, 7.
  4. G. To undertake, venture, dare (post-class.): tantum animo praesumere, Auct. Pan. ad Const. 2: illicita, Sulp. Sev. Hist. Sacr. 1, 47: ad Italiam transire, Sex. Ruf. Brev. 7.
  5. H. To trust, be confident (late Lat.): quoniam non derelinquis praesumentes de te, et praesumentes de se … humilias, Vulg. Judith, 6, 15: de tuā misericordiā, id. ib. 9, 17.
    Hence, praesumptus (praesumtus), a, um, P. a., taken for granted, assumed, presumed, preconceived (post-Aug.): praesumpta desperatio, Quint. 1 prooem.: opinio, preconceived opinion, prejudice, id. 2, 17: spes, Sil. 7, 582: suspicio, Tac. A. 2, 73.
    In neutr.: praesumptum est, it is supposed, imagined, presumed: praesumptum est, quosdam servos bonos esse, Dig. 21, 1, 31: quicumque haec noscent, praesumptum habeant, etc., let them take for granted, understand without special remark, Tac. 14, 64.
    Comp.: praesumptior, Coripp. Johan. 4, 550.
    Hence, adv.: praesumptē, confidently, boldly (post-class.) veritatem dicere, Vop. Car. 4.

praesumptĭo, ōnis, f. [praesumo].

  1. I. A taking beforehand, a using or enjoying in advance, anticipation: rerum, quas assequi cupias, praesumptio ipsa jucunda est, Plin. Ep. 4, 15, 11: bonae famae praesumptione perfrui, id. ib. 9, 3, 1.
  2. II. In rhet., a taking up and answering in advance, an anticipation of possible or suspected objections: mire in causis valet praesumptio, quae πρόληψις dicitur, cum id, quod obici potest, occupamus, Quint. 9, 2, 16; 9, 2, 18.
  3. III. A representing to one’s self beforehand, a conception, supposition, presumption: multum dare solemus praesumptioni omnium hominum, Sen. Ep. 117, 5: cum contra praesumptionem suam annis decem in obsidione tenerentur, Just. 3, 4: non levi praesumptione credere, Dig. 41, 3, 44.
      1. 2. In partic.
        1. a. Boldness, confidence, assurance, audacity, presumption (post-class.): illicitā praesumptione rex ad vicem sacerdotis holocaustum obtulit, Sulp. Sev. Hist. Sacr. 1, 33: timor fundamentum salutis, praesumptio impedimentum timoris, Tert. Cult. Fem. 2: cassa, App. Mag. p. 323, 17.
        2. b. Stubbornness, obstinacy: mirā contra plagarum dolores praesumptione munitus, App. M. 8, p. 214, 31: obfirmatus summā praesumptione, id. ib. 10, p. 243, 25.
        3. c. Prejudice, Tert. Apol. 49.

praesumptĭōsē (-tŭōsē), adv. [praesumptiosus], boldly, presumptuously (postclass.): praesumptiose arroganterque loqui, Sid. Ep. 7, 6.

praesumptĭōsus (-tŭōsus), a, um, adj. [praesumptio], full of boldness, presumptuous (post-class.): juvenis (al. praesumptuosum), Sid. Ep. 1, 11.
Transf.: vestigia, Sid. Ep. 1, 1.

praesumptīvē, adv. [praesumo], presumptuously (late Lat.), Cassiod. in Psa. 25, 2; Aug. c. Faust. 24, 1.

praesumptor, ōris, m. [praesumo].

  1. I. One who takes possession beforehand, a preoccupier (post-class.), Cassiod. Var. 1, 18.
  2. II. A bold, confident, reckless, or presumptuous person, Tert. Poen. 6: Petrus ex egregio praesumptore tam creber negator effectus, Aug. Ep. 120, c. 14; Hier. Ep. 89: praesumptor (Adam) senserit iram meritam, Sedul. 2, 4; cf. Cod. Th. 16, 2, 48: Leo, Ep. 10, 9.

praesumptōrĭus, a, um, adj. [praesumptor], presumptuous (eccl. Lat.), Aug. Collat. c. Maxim, 13.
Hence, praesump-tōrĭē, adv., boldly, confidently, presumptuously: praesumptorie aliquid elocutus, Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 41.

praesumptrix, īcis, f. [praesumptor], a presumptuous person (eccl. Lat.), Petr. Chrysol. Serm. 109.

praesumptŭōsē, v. praesumptiose.

praesumptŭōsus, a, um, v. praesumptiosus.

praesumptus (praesumtus), a, um, Part. and P. a., from praesumo.