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Poeni, ōrum, m., the Phœnicians, i. e. the Carthaginians (descended from the Phœnicians): Poeni stipendia pendunt, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 182 Müll. (Ann. v. 269 Vahl.); id. ap. Fest. p. 249 ib. (Ann. v. 278 Vahl.); Cic. Rep. 2, 4, 9: Poeni foedifragi, id. Off. 1, 12, 38: Poenorum crudelitas, id. N. D. 3, 32, 80: ponuntque ferocia Poeni Corda, Verg. A. 1, 302.
Gen. plur.: Poenūm, Sil. 7, 714; 17, 311.
In sing.: Poenus, i, m., a Carthaginian: Poenus plane est, he is a true Carthaginian, i. e. full of cunning, trickish, Plaut. Poen. prol. 113.
Pregn., for Hannibal, Cic. de Or. 2, 18, 77.
Collectively: si uterque Poenus Serviat uni, i.e. Carthaginians in Africa and Spain, Hor. C. 2, 2, 11.
Hence,

  1. A. Poenus, a, um, adj., Punic, Carthaginian (poet.): leones, Verg. E. 5, 27: columnae, Prop. 2, 23 (3, 29), 3: sermo, Stat. S. 4, 5, 45: vis saeva, Sil. 6, 338: miles, Juv. 10, 155.
    Comp.: est nullus me hodie Poenus Poenior, better versed in the Carthaginian tongue, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 31.
  2. B. Pūnĭ-cus (Poen-), a, um, adj., Punic, Carthaginian (the classical form): CLASEIS. POENICAS OM(nes devicit), Inscr. Column. Rostr.: regna, Verg. A. 1, 338: lingua, Plin. 4, 22, 36, § 120: litterae, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 46, § 103: laterna, Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 30: bellum primum, secundum, tertium, Cic. Off. 1, 13, 39; id. Brut. 14, 57; id. Verr. 2, 4, 33, § 73: fides, i. e. bad faith, perfidy, treachery (because the Romans considered the Carthaginians perfidious), Sall. J. 108, 3; cf. Liv. 21, 4 fin.; 42, 47; Flor. 2, 2, 6 and 17; Val. Max. 7, 4, ext. 4; so, ars, Liv. 25, 39: Punicum malum, or simply Punicum, i, n., a pomegranate, Plin. 13, 19, 34, § 112; 15, 11, 11, § 39; 15, 28, 34, § 112 et saep.: arbos, i. e. a pomegranate-tree, Col. poët. 10, 243: cera, exceedingly white, Plin. 21, 14, 49, § 83.
    1. 2. Poet., transf., of the Phœnician color, purple color, purple-red: punicarum rostra columbarum, Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 32: rostra psittaci, Ov. Am. 2, 6, 22: punico Lugubre mutavit sagum, Hor Epod. 9, 27.
      Hence, adv.: Pūnĭcē (Poen-), in the Punic or Carthaginian manner or language: adibo hosce atque appellabo Punice, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 22: loqui, in Punic, id. ib. 5, 2, 23: salutare, id. ib. 5, 2, 40.

puncta, ae, v. pungo, P. a. fin.

* punctātim, adv. [punctum], condensed to a point, i. e. briefly, concisely, Claud. Mam. Stat. Anim. 3, 14.

‡ punctātōrĭŏlas leves pugnas appellat Cato, Fest. p. 242 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 243 ib. punctaniolas.

punctillum, i, n. dim. [punctum], a little point, a dot, spot (late Lat.), Sol. 15 fin.

punctim, adv. [pungo], with the point (opp. caesim, with the edge): Hispano punctim magis quam caesim assueto petere hostem, Liv. 22, 46; so opp. caesim, Veg. Mil. 1, 12; Pacat. Pan. Th. 36.

punctĭo, ōnis, f. [pungo], in medicine, a pricking, puncture: dolores laterum, qui punctionem afferant, a pricking pain, stitch, Plin. 34, 15, 44, § 151.
In plur.: punctiones sentire, Cels. 8, 9, 2; Plin. 25, 13, 94, § 150; Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 6.

punctĭuncŭla, ae, f. dim. [punctio], a slight pricking, a pricking pain.

  1. I. Lit., Sen. Ep. 53, 6.
  2. II. Trop.: voluptatum dolorumque punctiunculae, Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 3.

* punctōrĭum, ĭi, n. [pungo], an instrument for pricking or puncturing, Gargil. de Re Hort. 4, 5.

punctŭlum, i, n. dim. [punctum],

  1. I. a slight prick (post-class.), App. M. 6, p. 182, 8.
  2. II. A small point: miratur de brevi punctulo tantum incrementum, App. M. 5, p. 164, 18.

punctum, i, n., v. pungo, P. a.

punctūra, ae, f. [pungo], a pricking, prick, puncture (post-class.): assiduae puncturae, Cels. 10, 9: teli, Firm. Math. 8, 21 dub.

1. punctus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from pungo.

2. punctus, ūs (form punctus, i, Isid. Orig. 3, 121), m. [pungo].

  1. I. A pricking, stinging; a prick, sting, puncture: oculis punctu erutis, Plin. 29, 6, 38, § 131; App. M. 7, p. 196, 11; Scrib. Comp. 206, 208, 209.
  2. II. A point: mundi, Plin. 2, 68, 68, § 174; cf. Isid. Orig. 11, 1.

pungo, pŭpŭgi, punctum, 3 (old fut. perf. pepugero, Att. ap. Gell. 7, 9, 10; perf. punxi, acc. to Diom. p. 369 P.: pupungi, in pungit, punxit, pupungit, Not. Tir. p. 131; scanned pŭpūgi, Prud. στεφ. 9, 59), v. a. [root pug-, to thrust, strike, whence also pugil, pugnus; Gr. πύξ, etc.], to prick, puncture (class.).

  1. I. Lit.: aliquem, Cic. Sest. 10, 24: acu comatoriā mihi malas pungebat, Petr. 21: vulnus quod acu punctum videretur, Cic. Mil. 24, 65.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. * 1. To pierce into, penetrate, enter: corpus, Lucr. 2, 460 (v. the passage in connection).
      2. 2. To affect sensibly, to sting, bite: ut pungat colubram: cum pupugerit, etc., Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 894 P.: pungunt sensum, Lucr. 4, 625: aliquem manu, to pinch, Petr. 87 fin.: nitrum adulteratum pungit, has a pungent taste, Plin. 31, 10, 46, § 114.
      3. 3. To press, hasten: futura pungunt, nec se superari sinunt, Pub. Syr. v. 177 Rib.
  2. II. Trop., to prick, sting, vex, grieve, trouble, disturb, afflict, mortify, annoy, etc.: scrupulus aliquem stimulat ac pungit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 6: epistula illa ita me pupugit, ut somnum mihi ademerit, id. Att. 2, 16, 1: jamdudum meum ille pectus pungit aculeus, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 158: pungit me, quod scribis, etc., Cic. Fam. 7, 15, 1: si paupertas momordit, si ignominia pupugit, id. Tusc. 3, 34, 82: quos tamen pungit aliquid, id. ib. 5, 35, 102: odi ego, quos numquam pungunt suspiria somnos, Prop. 3, 8 (4, 7), 27.
    Hence, punctus, a, um, P. a., pricked in, like a point; hence, of time: puncto tempore (cf.: puncto temporis; v. infra), in an instant, in a moment (only in Lucr.), Lucr. 2, 263; 456; 1006; 4, 216; 6, 230.
    Hence, subst. in two forms.
  1. I. punctum, i, n., that which is pricked or pricked in, a point, small hole, puncture.
    1. A. Lit. (very rare), Mart. 11, 45, 6.
    2. B. Transf.
      1. 1. A point, small spot (as if made by pricking): ova punctis distincta, Plin. 10, 52, 74, § 144: gemma sanguineis punctis, id. 37, 8, 34, § 113: puncta quae terebrantur acu, Mart. 11, 46, 2: ferream frontem convulnerandam praebeant punctis, i. e. with the marks of slavery, Plin. Pan. 35.
        1. b. In partic.
          1. (α) A point made in writing, Aus. Epigr. 35, 1; 145, 5; as a punctuation mark, Diom. p. 432 P.
          2. (β) A mathematical point. Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 116.
          3. (γ) A point or spot on dice: quadringenis in punctum sestertiis aleam lusit, Suet. Ner. 30; Aus. Prof. 1, 29.
          4. (δ) A point or dot as the sign of a vote, made in a waxen tablet, before the introduction of separate ballots; hence, transf., a vote, suffrage, ballot, Cic. Planc. 22, 53; id. Mur. 34, 72; id. Tusc. 2, 26, 62.
            Hence, poet., applause, approbation: omne tulit punctum qui miscuit utile dulci, Hor. A. P. 343: discedo Alcaeus puncto illius, id. Ep. 2, 2, 99; Aus. Grat. Act. ad Grat. 5.
            (ε) A point on the bar of a steelyard, indicating the weight: diluis helleborum, certo compescere puncto nescius examen, Pers. 5, 100.
      2. 2. A small part of any thing divided or measured off, e.g.,
        1. a. A small weight, Pers. 5, 100.
        2. b. A small liquid measure, Front. Aquaed. 25.
        3. c. A small portion of time, an instant, a moment (cf. momentum): puncto temporis eodem, in the same moment, Cic. Sest. 24, 53; cf.: ne punctum quidem temporis, id. Phil. 8, 7, 20; Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 7: nullo puncto temporis intermisso, id. N. D. 1, 20, 52; Caes. B. C. 2, 14.
          In plur.: omnibus minimis temporum punctis, Cic. N. D. 1, 24, 67: animi discessus a corpore fit ad punctum temporis, id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82: temporis puncto omnes Uticam relinquunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 25 fin.; Plin. Pan. 56: horae, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 172: diei, Lucr. 4, 201.
          Rarely absol.: punctum est quod vivimus et adhuc puncto minus, Sen. Ep. 49, 14, 3: puncto brevissimo dilapsa domus, App. M. 9, p. 235, 30; cf.: quod momentum, quod immo temporis punctum, aut beneficio sterile aut vacuum laude, Plin. Pan. 56, 2; Vulg. Isa. 54, 7.
        4. d. In space, a point: ipsa terra ita mihi parva visa est, ut me imperii nostri, quo quasi punctum ejus attingimus, poeniteret, Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16.
        5. e. In discourse, a small portion, brief clause, short section, Cic. Par. prooem. § 2; id. de Or. 2, 41, 177; Aus. Idyll. 12 prooem.
  2. II. puncta, ae, f. (very rare), a prick, puncture, Veg. Mil. 1, 12.

pūnĭcans, antis, adj. [Punicus], red, reddish, ruddy, blushing (post-class.): caliculos, App. M. 4, p. 143, 16: facies, id. ib. 1, p. 105, 1.

Pūnĭcānus, a, um, adj. [Punicus], made in the Punic manner, Punic, Carthaginian: lectuli, Cic. Mur. 36, 75; Val. Max. 7, 5, 1: fenestra, Varr. R. R. 3, 7, 3.

Pūnĭcē, adv., v. Poeni, B. fin.

pūnĭcĕus, a, um, adj. [Punicus].

  1. I. Reddish, red, purple-colored: puniceum supparum, Naev. B. P. 2, 21: taeniae, Verg. A. 5, 269: roseta, id. E. 5, 17: rosa, Hor. C. 4, 10, 4: crocus, Ov. F. 5, 318: rotae (currūs Aurorae), Verg. A. 12, 77: cruor, Ov. M. 2, 607; also, anima, Verg. A. 9, 349: corium, i. e. skin beaten red, Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 61: undae, Val. Fl. 3, 411.
  2. II. Pūnĭcĕus, a, um, Punic, Carthaginian: Puniceus dux, Ov. Ib. 284.

Pūnĭcus, a, um, v. Poeni, B.

pūnĭo or (in archaic form) poenĭo, īvi or ii, ītum, 4 (sync. imp. poenibat, Lucr. 6, 1238), v. a., and pūnĭor (poen-), ītus, 4, v. dep. a. [poena].

  1. I. To inflict punishment upon, to punish (syn.: castigo, animadverto, plecto, multo).
          1. (α) In act. form: peccata punimus, Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 66: punire sontes, id. Off. 1, 24, 82: Philemonem morte puniit, Suet. Caes. 74: alio punito, id. Calig. 30: lex omnis aut punit aut jubet, etc., Quint. 7, 5, 5; cf. id. 7, 1, 48.
            Pass.: tergo ac capite puniri, Liv. 3, 55 fin.; Ov. M. 9, 778.
          2. (β) In dep. form: qui punitur aliquem, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 88: inimicos puniuntur, id. Tusc. 1, 44, 107: hominum necem, id. Phil. 8, 2, 7: crudelius poeniri quam erat humanitatis meae postulare, id. Mil. 13, 33; id. Inv. 2, 27, 80; 2, 28, 83; Quint. 9, 3, 6; Gell. 20, 1, 7: punita sum funestum praedonem, App. M. 8, p. 207, 17.
          3. (γ) In indeterm. form: ipse se puniens, Cic. Tusc. 3, 27, 65: prohibenda autem maxime est ira in puniendo, id. Off. 1, 25, 89 fin.
  2. II. To take vengeance for, to avenge, revenge, = ulcisci (rare): Graeciae fana punire, Cic. Rep. 3, 9, 15: iracundia est cupiditas puniendi doloris, id. de Or. 1, 51, 220: meam domum a judicibus puniendam putavit, Cic. Har. Resp. 8, 16.
    Dep.: ut clarissimorum omnium crudelissimam puniretur necem, Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 7.

pūnĭor, īri, v. punio.

pūnītĭo, ōnis, f. [punio], a punishment (post-class.), Val. Max. 8, 1, 1; Gell. 6, 14, 8; 11, 1, 2; Tert. adv. Nat. 1, 16; Vulg. Sap. 19, 4.

pūnītor, ōris, m. [punio].

  1. I. A punisher (post-class.): seditiosorum punitor acerrimus, Suet. Caes. 67; Val. Max. 6, 1, 8.
  2. II. An avenger: fuit ultor injuriae, punitor doloris sui, Cic. Mil. 13, 35: Crassianae stragis, Val. Max. 3, 4, 5.

Pūnus, a, um, adj., for Poenus, Punic, Carthaginian; comp.: Punior, more Carthaginian, more skilled in the Carthaginian language, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 41.