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trĭbūnal (moleste diligentibus permittamus et tribunale dicere, Quint. 1, 6, 17; yet trĭbūnāle is found Corp. Inscr. Lat. 206, 24), ālis, n. [tribunus].

  1. I. Lit.
      1. 1. A raised semicircular or square platform, on which the seats of magistrates were placed, a judgment-seat, tribunal (cf.: suggestus, sella): compleatur tribunal, Cic. Brut. 84, 290: popularis accessus ac tribunal, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 25: praetor tribunal suum juxta Trebonii praetoris urbani sellam collocavit, Caes. B. C. 3, 20; cf. Tac. A. 15, 29; Mart. 11, 98, 17: eum de tribunali deturbavit, Caes. B. C. 3, 21; Cic. Vatin. 9, 21: (praetor) palam de sellā ac tribunali pronuntiat, Si quis, etc., id. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 94: quem ad se vocari et de tribunali citari jussit, id. ib. 2, 5, 7, § 16: pro tribunali agere aliquid, id. Fam. 3, 8, 21; cf. id. Pis. 5, 11: qui dicunt apud tribunalia, Quint. 11, 3, 134; cf. id. 11, 3, 156: laudatum ex quattuor tribu nalibus, id. 12, 5, 6: nobis in tribunali praetoris urbani sedentibus, Cic. de Or. 1, 37, 168: sedens pro tribunali, Liv. 39, 32, 11: Fulvius magnā circumfusus turbā ad tribunal consulis venit, id. 26, 22, 3; cf. Tac. A. 1, 75.
      2. 2. The elevation in the camp, from which the general addressed the soldiers or administered justice, Liv. 28, 27, 15; Tac. H. 3, 10; 4, 25; cf.: regium (sc. Porsenae), Liv. 2, 12, 6.
      3. 3. The seat of the prætor in the theatre, Suet. Aug. 44.
      4. 4. A tribunal erected as a monument to a deceased person of high rank: sepulcrum Antiochiae ubi crematus (Germanicus), tribunal Epidaphnae, quo in loco vitam finierat, Tac. A. 2, 83; Inscr. Orell. 4548.
  2. II. Transf., in gen., a mound, dam, embankment: tribunalia structa manibus ad experimenta altissimi aestūs, Plin. 16, 1, 1, § 3.
    1. B. Of the persons who sit on a tribunal, the magistrates: omne forum quem spectat et omne tribunal, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 57.
  3. III. Trop., height, greatness: quid superest ad honoris mei tribunal et columen, ad laudis meae cumulum? App. Flor. p. 356, 16.

trĭbūnātus, ūs, m. [tribunus], the office and dignity of a tribune, the tribuneship: Cotta, qui tribunatum plebis petebat, Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 25; id. Leg. 3, 9, 20; so of the office of a tribune of the people, id. Rep. 1, 19, 31; id. Lael. 12, 41; id. Leg. 3, 10, 23; id. de Or. 1, 7, 24; id. Off. 2, 21, 73; id. Sest. 37, 79; id. Att. 11, 9, 1 al.; Liv. 2, 56, 2.
Of a military tribune: tribunatus commoda contemnere, Cic. Fam. 7, 8, 1; 7, 5, 3; Plin. 7. 30, 31, § 113.

trĭbūnīcĭus or -tĭus, a, um, adj. [tribunus],

  1. I. of or belonging to a tribune, tribunitial: tribunicia potestas, Cic. de Or. 2, 28, 124; Caes. B. C. 1, 7; Flor. 3, 13, 1; Val. Max. 2, 9, 8: vis, Caes. B. C. 1, 7; Sall. H. 3, 61, 12 Dietsch; cf. seditiones, id. J. 37, 1: terrores, Cic. Fam. 2, 18, 3: procellae, Liv. 2, 1. mucro aliqui, Cic. Leg. 3, 9, 21: comitia, for the election of tribunes of the people, id. Att. 1, 1. 1; cf. candidati, id. Q. Fr. 2, 15. b, 4: leges, proposed by the tribunes of the people, id. Agr. 2, 8, 21: auxilium, Val. Max. 6, 1, 7: furor, id. 6, 2, 3: equites Romanos in tribunicium restituit honorem, i. e. of military tribunes, Caes. B. C. 1, 77.
  2. II. Subst.: trĭbūnīcĭus, ii, m., one that has been a tribune, an ex-tribune: qui aedilicii, qui tribunicii, qui quaestorii, Cic. Phil. 13, 14, 30; Liv. 3, 35, 5: INTER TRIBVNICIOS RELATO, i. e. presented with the title of tribune, Inscr. Orell. 3146.

trĭbūnus, i, m. [tribus, prop. the chief of a tribe; hence, in gen.], a chieftain, commander, tribune.

  1. I. Tribuni aerarii, paymasters, who assisted the quaestors, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 10, 2; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 181 Müll.; Fest. p. 2 ib.; called also tribuni aeris, Plin. 33, 2, 7, § 31. By the Lex Aurelia these tribuni aerarii were made judges on the part of the people: (Milonem) tribuni aerarii condemnarunt, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 6; id. Cat. 4, 7, 15: a tribunis aerariis absolutus, id. ib. 2, 16, 3; cf. in a pun with aerati (rich), id. Att. 1, 16, 8. This judicial office was taken from them by Julius Cæsar, Suet. Caes. 41.
  2. II. Tribuni Celerum, captains or commanders of the Celeres, Liv. 1, 59, 7; cf. Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 15; Weissenb. ad Liv. 1, 15, 8.
  3. III. Tribuni militares or militum, tribunes of the soldiers, military tribunes; these were officers of the army, six to each legion, who commanded in turn, each two months at a time: qui M. Aemilio legati et praefecti et tribuni militares fuerunt, Cic. Clu. 36, 99; so, militares, Plin. 34, 3, 6, § 11; cf. in sing.: cum tribunus militaris depugnavi apud Thermopylas, Cic. Sen. 10, 32: a tribunis militum, praefectis reliquisque, qui, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 39; so, militum, id. ib. 3, 7; cf. in sing.: tribunus militum, id. ib. 3, 5; Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 2: tribuni cohortium, Caes. B. C. 2, 20.
    Sing.: Stilonius Priscus qui tribunus cohortis, sub Classico fuerat, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 18; cf.: tribunus minor, Veg. Mil. 2, 7; and tribunus legionis, Val. Max. 3, 2, 20.
  4. IV. Tribuni militum consulari potestate, military tribunes with consular power; these were the highest officers of the State from A.U.C. 310 to A.U.C. 388. They were chosen from the patrician and plebeian orders, and were at first three, then six, and, after the year 352, eight in number, Liv. 4, 6, 8; 4, 7, 1; 5, 1, 2; called tribuni consulares, id. 8, 33; Becker, Antiq. 2, 2, p. 136 sq.
  5. V. Tribuni plebis, and more freq. simply tribuni, tribunes of the people, whose office it was to defend the rights and interests of the Roman plebeians against the encroachments of the patricians, Liv. 2, 33, 2; 2, 56, 3 sq.; Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58 sq.; id. Leg. 3, 7, 16; cf. Becker, Antiq. 2, 2, p. 247 sq.; Lange, Antiq. 1, 1, p. 592 sq., and the authorities cited by both.