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ungella (unguella), ae, f. dim. [ungula], a little claw or talon, Apic. 4, 5; Marc. Emp. 20 med.
ungo or unguo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a. [root in Sanscr. ang, to besmear; cf. Gr. ἄγος],
- I. to smear, besmear, anoint with any fat substance, an unguent, oil, etc. (class.; syn.: lino, linio): unguentis, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77: aliquam unguentis, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 115; id. Truc. 2, 2, 34: unctus est, accubuit, Cic. Att. 13, 52, 1: gloria quem supra vires unguit, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 22; Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 76.
Of the anointing of corpses, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 6, 219 (Ann. v. 156 Vahl.); Ov. P. 1, 9, 47; id. F. 4, 853; id. H. 10, 122; Mart. 3, 12, 4; Hor. S. 2, 1, 7: corpus, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 26: globos melle, Cato, R. R. 79: postes superbos amaracino, Lucr. 4, 1175 et saep.
Of the anointing of a Jewish king: unctus est in regem, Sulp. Sev. Chron. 1, 45, 5: caules oleo, to dress with oil, Hor. S. 2, 3, 125: caules impensius, Pers. 6, 68: pingui oluscula lardo, Hor. S. 2, 6, 64: labitur uncta carina, daubed with pitch, the pitchy keel, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, and ap. Isid. Orig. 19, 1 (Ann. v. 379 and 476); imitated by Verg. A. 4, 398; cf.: labitur uncta vadis abies, id. ib. 8, 91: ungere tela manu ferrumque armare, to smear or anoint with poison (ἰοὺς χρίεσθαι), id. ib. 9, 773: arma uncta cruoribus, smeared, stained, Hor. C. 2, 1, 5: tela cruore hostili, Sil. 9, 13: ova ranae sanguine, Hor. Epod. 5, 19: puer unctis Tractavit calicem manibus, i. e. greasy, id. S. 2, 4, 78; so, uncta aqua, id. ib. 2, 2, 68.
- II. Trop., Vulg. Act. 10, 38; id. 2 Cor. 1, 21.
Hence, unctus, a, um, P. a.; prop. anointed, oiled: cur quisquam caput unctius referret, Cat. 10, 11: magis diliges ex duobus aeque bonis viris nitidum et unctum quam pulverulentum et horrentem, Sen. Ep. 66, 24: Achivi, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 33: nudus, unctus, ebrius est contionatus, Cic. Phil. 3, 5, 12.
- B. Transf., rich, luxurious, sumptuous (syn. lautus).
- a. Adj.: captus es unctiore cenā, Mart. 5, 44, 7: melius et unctius, Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 44: cenae unctissimae, Sid. Ep. 2, 9: ita palaestritas defendebat, ut ab illis ipse unctior abiret, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, § 54: accedes siccus ad unctum, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 12: patrimonia, Cat. 29, 23: Corinthus, luxurious, voluptuous, Juv. 8, 113: Tarentus, Sid. Carm. 5, 430: pro isto asso sole, quo tu abusus es in nostro pratulo, a te nitidum solem unctumque repetemus, i. e. sunshine and ointment, Cic. Att. 12, 6, 2: unctior splendidiorque consuetudo loquendi, rich, copious, id. Brut. 20, 78.
- b. Subst.: unctum, i, n.
- 1. A rich banquet, sumptuous feast: unctum qui recte ponere possit, Hor. A. P. 422: cenare sine uncto, Pers. 6, 16.
- 2. An ointment: haurito plusculo uncto, corporis mei membra perfricui, App. M. 3, p. 139; Veg. 3, 71, 5.
* unguēdo, ĭnis, f. [unguo, ungo], an ointment, unguent, App. M. 3, p. 138, 26.
unguen, ĭnis, n. [unguo, ungo], a fatty substance, fat; an ointment, unguent: in aënum caldum unguen indito, Cato, R. R. 79; 80: pingues unguine ceras, Verg. G. 3, 450: cras. sum, Pers. 6, 40: pingue, Val. Fl. 6, 360; 8, 302 al.
unguentārĭus, a, um, adj. [unguentum], of or belonging to ointments or unguents, ointment-.
- I. Adj.: taberna, Varr L. L. 8, 30, 117; Sen. Ep. 108, 4; Suet. Aug. 4: cella, Sid. Ep. 2, 2: vasa, Plin. 36, 8, 12, § 60.
- II. Substt.
- A. unguentārĭus, ii, m., a dealer in unguents, a perfumer, Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150; id. Att. 13, 46, 2; Hor. S. 2, 3, 228; Plin. 31, 7, 42, § 91; Inscr. Orell. 2988.
- B. unguentārĭa, ae, f.
- 1. A female perfumer, Plin. 8, 5, 5, § 14; Inscr. Orell. 4301; 4991.
- 2. (Sc. ars.) The art of making unguents or perfumes, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 90.
- C. unguentārĭum, ii, n. (sc. argentum), money for buying perfumes, Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 23.
unguento, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [unguentum], to rub with sweet ointments, to anoint, perfume (in verb. finit. very rare): DEAS VNGVENTAVERVNT, Inscr. Fratr. Arval. Orell. 2271, 391 (cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 35, § 77).
More freq. in part. perf.: unguentātus, a, um, anointed, perfumed: unguentatus per vias, ignave, incedis, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 23: cincinni, id. Truc. 2, 2, 32: homo, P. Scipio Afric. ap. Gell. 7, 12, 5; Sen. Fragm. ib. 12, 2, 11: maritus, Cat. 61, 142.
unguentum, i (gen. plur. unguentūm, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 5; id. Poen. 3, 3, 88), n. [unguo], an ointment, unguent, perfume: non omnes possunt olere unguenta exotica, Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 41; 1, 3, 115 sq.; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 25, § 62; id. Cat. 2, 3, 5; id. Sest. 8, 18; id. Cael. 11, 27; id. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; Hor. C. 2, 3, 13; 2, 7, 23; id. A. P. 375; Prop. 3, 16 (4, 15), 23; Ov. F. 3, 561; Mart. 11, 54, 1; Plin. 1, 1, 1, § 3.
unguĭcŭlus, i, m. dim. [unguis], a finger-nail: integritas unguiculorum omnium, Cic. Fin. 5, 27, 80; Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 17; Sen. Q. N. 6, 2, 5.
Prov.: a teneris unguiculis, a transl. of the Gr. ἐξ ἁπαλῶν ὀνύχων, from early infancy, from childhood, Cic. Fam. 1, 6, 2 (for which: de tenero ungui, Hor. C. 3, 6, 24): ex unguiculis (= ἐξ ὀνύχων), from the very finger-tips, i. e. through and through, Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 20; App. M. 10, p. 249, 11.
* unguilla, ae, f. [unguo, ungo], an ointment-box, Sol. 27 fin.
unguĭnōsus, a, um, adj. [unguen], full of fat or oil, fat, oily, unctuous: unguentum, Plin. 13, 1, 2, § 17: opus, Cels. 5, 26, 20.
Comp.: nuces, Plin. 23, 8, 77, § 147.
unguis, is (abl. ungui, Cat. 62, 43; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 46; id. C. 2, 8, 4; Prop. 1, 20, 39; cf. Charis. p. 120), m. [cf. Gr. ΟΝΥΧ-, ὄνυξ; Sanscr. nakha], a nail of a person’s finger or toe.
- I. Lit., Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 247; 10, 35, 52, § 106; 28, 2, 5, § 28; Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 51; 1, 19, 46; id. S. 1, 3, 101; Prop. 1, 20, 39; Ov. Am. 1, 7, 64; 2, 6, 4; id. A. A. 3, 708.
- 2. Of animals. a claw, talon, hoof, Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 247; Hor. C. 2, 19, 24; Ov. M. 4, 717; 10, 540; Col. 6, 12; Mart. 14, 199 al.
- B. Proverbial phrases.
- 1. Ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum, from top to toe, from the crown of his head to the sole of his foot, Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20.
- 2. A rectā conscientiā transversum unguem non discedere, not to depart a finger’s breadth in the least, Cic. Att. 13, 20, 4; cf. ellipt.: urge igitur, nec transversum unguem, quod aiunt, a stilo, id. Fam. 7, 25, 2: si tu ex isto loco digitum transvorsum aut unguem latum excesseris, Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 17 sq.; Hier. Ep. 127, 8 (v. transversus and digitus).
- 3. Cum medium ostenderet unguem, i. e. showed utter derision, the greatest contempt (because the middle finger was regarded as indecent), Juv. 10, 53.
- 4. Incestos amores De tenero meditatur ungui, i. e. from childhood, ἐξ ἁπαλῶν ὸνύχων, Hor. C. 3, 6, 24 (for which: a teneris unguiculis, Cic. Fam. 1, 6, 2).
- 5. Ad or in unguem, after the Gr. εἰς ὄνυχα or ἐπ’ ὄνυχος, to a hair, to a nicety, exactly, perfectly (an expression borrowed from sculptors, who, in modelling, give the finishing touch with the nail; or joiners, who test the accuracy of joints in wood by the nail: materiem dolare ad unguem, Col. 11, 2, 13: ad unguem Factus homo, highly polished, perfectly accomplished, Hor. S. 1, 5, 32; cf.: carmen decies castigare ad unguem, id. A. P. 294 Jan. ad loc.: suturae capitis in unguem committuntur, Cels. 8, 1, § 12; Verg. G. 2, 277 Serv.; Vitr. 4, 6, 2; cf. also: carmina molli numero fluere, ut per leve severos effundat junctura unguis, Pers. 1, 65.
- 6. Homo, cujus pluris erat unguis, quam tu totus es, a man whose little finger was worth more than your whole body, Petr. 57 fin.
- 7. Rodere ungues, to bite the nails, i. e. to be buried in thought, etc.: ille in versu faciendo Saepe caput scaberet vivos et roderet ungues, Hor. S. 1, 10, 71; cf.: ungue meam morso saepe querere fidem. Prop. 3 (4), 25, 4: et saepe inmeritos corrumpas dentibus ungues, id. 2, 4, 3 (13).
- II. Transf.
- A. Of plants, a nail-like spot, the tip, extremity, Plin. 12, 9, 19, § 36; 21, 18, 73, § 121; Col. 4, 24, 7; Pall. Febr. 12, 5.
- B. A kind of shell-fish, perh. the razor-fish, Varr. L. L. 5, 12, 23.
- C. A hook: ferrei, Col. 12, 18, 2.
- D. A white skin on the eye, a web, haw, πτερύγιον, Cels. 7, 7, 4.
ungŭla, ae, f. [unguis].
- I. Lit., a hoof, claw, talon; of a horse: totam quatit ungula terram, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 231 Vahl.); Verg. A. 8, 596; cf. Cic. N. D. 3, 5, 11.
Of a swine, Cato, R. R. 158, 1; Cels. 2, 17; 4, 14.
Of oxen: bisulca, Plin. 8, 21, 30, § 72.
Of the claws of hens, Plaut. Aul. 3. 4, 8.
Of vultures’ and eagles’ talons, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 63.
Prov.: toto corpore atque omnibus ungulis, i. e., as we say, with tooth and nail, with might and main, Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 56.
- II. Transf.
- A. Poet., a horse: cum carceribus missos rapit ungula currus, Hor. S. 1, 1, 114; Mart. 12, 50, 5.
- B. A claw, an instrument of torture (late Lat.), Cod. Just. 9, 18, 7 fin.; Prud. στεφ. 1, 44; Hier. Ep. 1, 3.
- III. An aromatic spice, Vulg. Ecclus. 24, 21.
ungŭlatros ungues magnos atque asperos Cato appellavit, Fest. p. 279 Müll. N. cr.
ungŭlātus, a, um, adj. [ungula], having claws or hoofs (post-class.): altero pede ungulatus, Tert. Apol. 16 fin.; so, aliquis, Mart. Cap. 4, § 378.
ungŭlus, i, m. [Oscan; Sanscr. ankami, bend; Gr. ἀγκύλος, crooked; Lat. ancus, aduncus; cf. angulus], a finger-ring, a ring (ante-class.): ungulus Oscorum linguā anulus, Fest. p. 375 Müll.; cf.: (anulum) apud nos prisci ungulum vocabant, Plin. 33, 1, 4, § 10; Poët. ap. Fest. l. l.; so Pac. ib. (Trag. Fragm. v. 64, 215 Rib.).
unguo, ĕre, v. ungo.
‡ ungustus fustis uncus, Fest. p. 377 Müll.