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nae, vulgar form for nē (v. 3. ne), particle of assurance, verily, truly.

1. nē (old forms nei and ni; v. the foll.), adv. and conj., the primitive Latin negative particle, no, not; whereas the negative particle non is a derivative (v. non init.) [prob. of pronominal origin; cf. the Anglo-Saxon na and ne (Engl. no), whence naht (Engl. not) is derived; Sanscr. na, not].

  1. I. Adv., with a single word of a proposition (in early Latin): NE MINVS TRINVM NOVNDINVM, not less than, etc., S. C. de Bacch.; cf. with DVM NE MINVS SENATORIBVS C. ADESENT, twice in the same S. C.; and in the form ni: DVM NI MINVS VIGINTI ADSIENT, Inscr. Grut. 207, 3. So too: DVM NE AMPLIOREM MODVM PRATORVM HABEANT QVAM, etc., Inscr. Orell. 3121 (Sententia de finibus inter Genuates et Viturios regundis lata A. U. C. 637). So, ne minores (verres) quam semestres, Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 21. In the time of Plautus the usage was unsettled, non and ne being used indifferently for simple negation; cf. Lorenz ad Plaut. Most. 105; Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 1156.
      1. 2. To this is allied the adverbial use of ne in all periods of the language.
        1. a. Ne … quidem, applies the negation with emphasis to the word between them, not even: ne sues quidem id velint, non modo ipse, Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 92: ne in oppidis quidem … ne in fanis quidem, id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 2: Philippus non item: itaque ne nos quidem, id. Att. 14, 12, 2: nulla ne minima quidem aura fluctus commovente, id. Tusc. 5, 6, 16: non potest dici satis, ne cogitari quidem, quantum, etc., id. Mil. 29, 78: vita beata, quam ne in deo quidem esse censes, nisi, etc., id. N. D. 1, 24, 67: ut in foro et in judicio … ne non timere quidem sine aliquo timore possimus, id. Mil. 1, 2: ne tondere quidem Vellera possunt, Verg. G. 3, 561; so after a negative, repeating it with emphasis: non enim praetereundum est ne id quidem, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 60, § 155: nulla species ne excogitari quidem potest ornatior, id. de Or. 3, 45, 179: non praetermittam ne illud quidem, id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 2: Caesar negat se ne Graeca quidem meliora legisse, id. ib. 2, 16, 5: numquam illum ne minima quidem re offendi, id. Lael. 27, 103; Liv. 28, 42, 16; but when ne … quidem precedes, the negative of the principal verb is omitted: sine quā ne intellegi quidem ulla virtus potest, Cic. Tusc. 2, 13, 31: neque enim ipsius quidem regis abhorrebat animus, Liv. 29, 12, 10: ne quidem (with no intervening word), not even (late Lat.), Gai Inst. 1, 67; id. ib. 3, 93.
        2. b. In composition, to make an absolute negation of the principal idea. So in neque and nequiquam; also in nescio and nevolo; and in nefas, nefandus, nepus (for non purus), nequeo, neuter, neutiquam; in nemo, nego, nihil, nullus, numquam, and nusquam; and, lastly, with a paragogic c before o: necopinans and neglego; negotium (i. e. nec-lego; nec-otium).
    1. B. With a proposition (in all periods of the language, and exclusively),
      1. 1. In imperative sentences, to signify that something must not be done.
          1. (α) With imper.: SI HOMINEM FVLMEN IOVIS OCCISIT, NE SVPRA GENVA TOLLITOR, let him not be raised, Leg. Reg.: HOMINEM MORTVVM IN VRBE NE SEPELITO NEVE VRITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23; cf.: MVLIERES GENAS NE RADVNTO NEVE LESSVM FVNERIS ERGO HABENTO, ib.: SI NOLET, ARCERAM NE STERNITO, let him not spread, he need not spread, ib. (cf. Gell. 20, 1, 25): VECTIGAL INVITEI DARE NEI DEBENTO, Inscr. Orell. 3121; cf. art. ni, II.: abi, ne jura: satis credo, Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 20; 4, 5, 5: ah, ne saevi tantopere, Ter. And. 5, 2, 27: impius ne audeto placare donis iram deorum, Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 22: ne, pueri, ne tanta animis assuescite bella, Verg. A. 6, 832.
          2. (β) With subj.: ne me moveatis, Plaut. Mil. 4, 9, 1: si certum est facere, facias: verum ne post conferas Culpam in me, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 96: si denique veritas extorquebit, ne repugnetis, Cic. Clu. 2, 6: ne pudori Sit tibi Musa lyrae sollers, Hor. A. P. 406.
      2. 2. In wishes and asseverations: ne id Juppiter Opt. Max. sineret, etc., might Jupiter forbid it! etc., Liv. 4, 2; cf.: ne istuc Juppiter Opt. Max. sirit, etc., id. 28, 28.
        With utinam: utinam ne in nemore Pelio securibus Caesa accedisset abiegna ad terram trabes, would that not, Enn. ap. Cic. Top. 16, 61 (Trag. v. 280 Vahl.): utinam ne umquam, Mede Colchis cupido corde pedem extulisses, Enn ap. Non. 297, 18 (Trag. v. 311 ib.): illud utinam ne vere scriberem! Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3; v. utinam.
        With si: ne vivam, si scio, may I not live, may I die, if I know, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 8: sed ne vivam, si tibi concedo, id. Fam. 7, 23, 19: ne sim salvus, si aliter scribo ac sentio, id. ib. 16, 13, 1.
      3. 3. In concessive and restrictive clauses (conceived as softened commands; cf. II. init.).
          1. (α) In concessions, nemo is, inquies, umquam fuit. Ne fuerit: ego enim, etc., there may not have been; suppose there was not, Cic. Or. 29, 101; cf.: pugnes omnino, sed cum adversario facili. Ne sit sane: videri certe potest, id. Ac. 2, 26, 85; 2, 32, 102: ne sit sane summum malum dolor: malum certe est, id. Tusc. 2, 5, 14: ne sint in senectute vires: ne postulantur quidem vires a senectute, id. Sen. 11, 34: ne sit igitur sol, ne luna, ne stellae, quoniam nihil esse potest, nisi quod attigimus aut vidimus, id. N. D. 1, 31, 88; Liv. 31, 7: nec porro malum, quo aut oppressus jaceas, aut, ne opprimare, mente vix constes? though you be not crushed; supposing you are not crushed, Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 39.
          2. (β) In restrictive clauses: sint sane liberales ex sociorum fortunis, sint misericordes in furibus aerarii, ne illi sanguinem nostrum largiantur, etc., only let them not; if they only will not, Sall. C. 52, 12. So, dum ne, dummodo ne, modo ne, and dum quidem ne; v. dum and modo: me vero nihil istorum ne juvenem quidem movit umquam: ne nunc senem, much less now I am old = nedum, Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 2; cf.: vix incedo inanis, ne ire posse cum onere existumes, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 174: scuta si homines inviti dant, etsi ad salutem communem dari sentiunt: ne quem putetis sine maximo dolore argentum caelatum domo protulisse, much less can you suppose, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 52; Liv. 3, 52.
      4. 4. In clauses which denote a purpose or result.
        1. a. Ut ne, that not, lest, so that not (very rare after the August. period; in Livy only in a few doubtful passages; in Cæsar, Seneca, and Tacitus not at all; v. under II.): quos ego ope meā Pro incertis certos … Dimitto, ut ne res temere tractent turbidas, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 1, 45, 199 (Trag v. 189 Vahl.): vestem ut ne inquinet, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 17. pergunt turbare usque, ut ne quid possit conquiescere, id. Most. 5, 1, 12: haec mihi nunc cura est maxima, ut ne cui meae Longinquitas aetatis obstet, Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 19: ego, pol, te ulciscar, ut ne impune nos illuseris, id. Eun. 5, 4, 19: excitandam esse animadversionem et diligentiam, ut ne quid inconsiderate negligenterque agamus, Cic. Off. 1, 29, 103: equidem soleo dare operam, ut de suā quisque re me ipse doceat, et, ut ne quis alius assit, quo, etc., id. de Or. 2, 24, 102.
        2. b. Ut … ne separated: quam plurimis de rebus ad me velim scribas, ut prorsus ne quid ignorem, Cic. Att. 3, 10, 3: ut causae communi salutique ne deessent, id. Verr. 2, 4, 63, § 140: lata lex est, ne auspicia valerent, ut omnibus fastis diebus legem ferri liceret: ut lex Aelia, lex Fufia ne valeret, id. Sest. 15, 33; id. N. D. 1, 7, 17: vos orant atque obsecrant, judices, ut in actore causae suae deligendo vestrum judicium ab suo judicio ne discrepet, id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 14.
        3. c. Qui ne, quo ne, and quomodo ne (ante- and post-class. for ut ne): ego id agam, mihi qui ne detur, Ter. And. 2, 1, 35: moxque ad aram, quo ne hostis dolum persentisceret, aversusque a duce assistit, Dict. Cret. 4, 11: quaeritis maximis sumptibus faciendis, quomodo ne tributa conferatis, Gr. ὡς μή, Rutil. Lup. 1, 9.
  2. II. In the several uses of the adv. ne, described above, the transition to its use to connect clauses is clearly seen (v. esp. I. B. 3. and 4.). In intentional clauses, and after verbs of fearing and avoiding, ne becomes a conjunction.
    1. A. In intentional clauses for ut ne, that not, lest: nolite, hospites, ad me adire: ilico isti! Ne contagio mea bonis umbrave obsit, approach me not; let not my presence harm you, i. e. lest my presence should harm you, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26 (Trag. v. 405 Vahl.): omitto innumerabiles viros, quorum singuli saluti huic civitati fuerunt … ne quis se aut suorum aliquem praetermissum queratur, Cic. Rep. 1, 1, 1; 1, 7, 12; 1, 5, 9: Caesarem complexus obsecrare coepit, ne quid gravius in fratrem statueret, Caes. B. G. 1, 20.
      Esp. after verbs expressing forethought, care, etc.: vide sis, ne quid imprudens ruas, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 128: considera, ne in alienissimum tempus cadat adventus tuus, Cic. Fam. 15, 14, 4: Cocceius, vide, ne frustretur, Cic. Att. 12, 18, 3 et saep.
    2. B. After verbs signifying to fear, frighten, etc. (esp. metuo, timeo, vereor, horreo, paveo, terreo, conterreo; also, timor est, metus est, spes est, periculum est), to express the wish that something may not take place; represented in English by that (because in English the particle depends on the idea of fearing, not of wishing): metuo et timeo, ne hoc tandem propalam flat, that it will be discovered, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 38: timeo ne malefacta mea sint inventa omnia, id. Truc. 4, 2, 61: vereor ne quid Andria apportet mali, Ter. And. 1, 1, 46: metuebat ne indicarent, Cic. Mil. 21, 57: mater cruciatur et sollicita est, ne filium spoliatum omni dignitate conspiciat, id. Mur. 41, 88: hic ne quid mihi prorogetur, horreo, id. Att. 5, 21, 3: id paves, ne ducas tu illam, tu autem ut ducas, Ter. And. 2, 2, 12: esse metus coepit, ne, etc., Ov. M. 7, 715: terruit gentīs, grave ne rediret Saeculum Pyrrhae, Hor. C. 1, 2, 5: non periclumst, nequid recte monstres, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 55: pavor ceperat milites, ne mortiferum esset vulnus, Liv. 24, 42
        1. b. When the dependent clause is negative, with non or nihil, that not: vereor ne exercitum firmum habere non possit, Cic. Att. 7, 12, 2: unum vereor ne senatus Pompeium nolit dimittere, id. ib. 5, 18, 1: timeo ne non impetrem, id. ib. 9, 6, 6; id. Tusc. 1, 31, 76.
        2. c. With the negative before the verb: non vereor, ne quid temere facias, Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 1; 2, 1, 4: timere non debeo, ne non iste illā cruce dignus judicetur, id. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 171.
    3. C. After verbs signifying to avoid, warn, hinder, forbid, refuse (caveo, impedio, resisto, interdico, refuto, rarely veto), instead of the simple object, that not, lest: qui cavet, ne decipiatur, etc., Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 5: cavete, judices, ne nova proscriptio instaurata esse videatur, Cic. Rosc. Am. 53, 153; id. Fam. 3, 12, 4; v. caveo: casus quidam ne facerem impedivit, Cic. Fat. 1, 1: unus ne caperetur urbs causa fuit, Liv. 34, 39.

2. -nĕ (also apocopated n’ and only n), interrog. and enclit. part. [weakened from nē]. It simply inquires, without implying either that a negative or an affirmative reply is expected (cf. num, nonne), and emphasizes the word to which it is joined; which is always, in classic Latin, the first word of the clause (ante- class. after other words: sine dote uxoremne? Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 94; 1, 2, 141; id. As. 5, 2, 78; id. Mil. 3, 1, 92). In direct questions it is translated by giving an interrogative form to the sentence; in indirect interrogations by whether.

        1. (α) In direct interrogations, with indic.: meministine me in senatu dicere? etc., Cic. Cat. 1, 3, 7: potestne rerum major esse dissensio? id. Fin. 3, 13, 44: tune id veritus es? id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 1: jamne vides, belua, jamne sentis? etc., id. Pis. 1, 1: quid, si etiam falsum illud omnino est? tamenne ista tam absurda defendes? id. N. D. 1, 29, 81; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 15, 44: quiane auxilio juvat ante levatos? Verg. A. 4, 538: tun’ te audes Sosiam esse dicere? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 217: valuistin? id. Trin. 1, 2, 12.
          After an elided s: satin habes, si feminarum nulla’st: quam aeque diligam? Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 11: pergin autem? id. ib. 1, 3, 41: vin commutemus? id. Trin. 1, 2, 21 al.
        2. (β) Esp. with rel. pron.; ellipt.: quemne ego servavi? i. e. do you mean the one whom? etc., Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 13: quodne vobis placeat, displiceat mihi? can it be that what pleases? etc., id. ib. 3, 1, 19; id. Merc. 3, 3, 12; id. Am. 2, 2, 65; so quin for quine, id. Trin. 2, 2, 79 Brix ad loc.; id. Bacch. 2, 3, 98; id. Most. 3, 2, 50 al.
          So with ut and si: utine adveniens vomitum excutias mulieri? Plaut. Merc. 3, 3, 15; id. Rud. 4, 4, 19: sin, saluti quod tibi esse censeo, id. consuadeo, id. Merc. 1, 2, 32.
        3. (γ) In indirect interrogations, with subj., whether: ut videamus, satisne ista sit justa defectio, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 43: Publilius iturusne sit in Africam et quando, ex Aledio scire poteris, id. Att. 12, 24, 1: videto vasa, multane sient, Cato, R. R. 1: quem imitari possimusne, ipse liber erit indicio, Varr. L. L. 7, § 4 Müll.; cf. id. ib. 10, § 9.
        4. (δ) Sometimes affixed to an interrogative pronoun, Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 2: quone malo mentem concussa? Timore deorum, Hor. S. 2, 3, 295; cf.: uterne Ad casus dubios fidet sibi certius? id. ib. 2, 2, 107; and: illa rogare: Quantane? id. ib. 2, 3, 317.
          (ε) -ne is sometimes used for nonne, where an affirmative reply is expected: misine ego ad te epistulam? Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 22; id. Trin. 1, 2, 92; 99; id. Most. 2, 1, 15: rectene interpretor sententiam tuam, Cic. Tusc. 3, 17, 37; id. Fin. 2, 32, 104.
          (ζ) Rarely = num: potestne virtus servire? Cic. de Or. 1, 52, 226: potesne dicere? id. Tusc. 1, 27, 67; id. Sen. 16, 56.
      1. b. With an, annon, or anne, in the second interrogation, v. an.
        With necne, v. neque.
        Sometimes pleonastic with utrum, followed by an (mostly anteclass.): est etiam illa distinctio, utrum illudne non videatur aegre ferendum … an, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 27, 59: sed utrum strictimne attonsurum dicam esse an per pectinem, nescio, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 18 Brix ad loc.; id. Most. 3, 1, 151; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 42; cf. Madv. Gram. § 452, obs. 1.
        Sometimes, in the second interrogation, ne for an (mostly poet.): Smyrna quid et Colophon? Majora minorane fama? Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 3: ut in incerto fuerit, vicissent victine essent, Liv. 5, 28, 5: cum interrogaretur, utrum pluris patrem matremne faceret, Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4.

3. nē, interj. (incorrectly written nae), = ναί, νή, truly, verily, really, indeed (only joined with pers. pron. ego, tu, and with the demonstratives ille, iste, hic, and their advv.; in class, prose usually with a conditional clause).

  1. I. In gen.: ne ego homo infelix fui, Qui non alas intervelli, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 169; cf.: ne ego haud paulo hunc animum malim quam, etc., Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 99: ne ego, inquam, si ita est, velim tibi eum placere quam maxime, id. Brut. 71, 249. So, ne tu, etc., id. Phil. 2, 2, 3; Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 54; Liv. 26, 6, 15: ne ille, Naev. ap. Non. 73, 18 (Trag. Rel. p. 9 v. 40 Rib.); Plaut. Ps. 3, 1, 3; Cic. Cat. 2, 3, 6: ne iste, Ter. And. 2, 1, 24; id. Heaut. 4, 1, 8 al.
  2. II. Connected with other affirmative particles, as hercle, edepol, mecastor, medius fidius: ne tu hercle, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 6; id. Curc. 1, 3, 38: ne ille hercle, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 76: edepol ne ego, id. Men. 5, 5, 10: edepol ne tu, id. ib. 1, 2, 50: ne ista edepol, id. Am. 2, 2, 213: ne istuc mecastor, id. Men. 5, 1, 34 (729 Ritschl): ne ille, medius fidius, Cic. Tusc. 1, 30, 74; cf.: medius fidius ne tu, id. Att. 4, 4, 6, § 2.
    Rarely with a pron. poss.: edepol ne meam operam, etc., Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 1. (All passages in which ne stands in classic prose without a pronoun are probably corrupt; cf. Haase in Reisig’s Vorles. p. 379 sq.; v. Liv. 26, 31, 10; 34, 4, 16 Weissenb.)

Nĕaera, ae, f., = Νέαιρα, a female proper name.

    1. 1. The mistress of Lygdamus, Tib. 3, 1, 6; 23 et saep.
    2. 2. A mistress of Horace, Hor. C. 3, 14, 21; id. Epod. 15.
    3. 3. A mistress of the shepherd Ægon, Verg. E. 3, 3.
    4. 4. Iole, the mistress of Hercules, Prud. στεφ. 10, 240.
    5. 5. Ariadne, as the mistress of Bacchus, id. ap. Symm. 1, 139.

Nĕaethus, i, m., = Νέαιθος, a river in the territory of the Bruttii, the modern Nieto or Neto, Plin. 3, 11, 15, § 97 (in Ov. M. 15, 51, instead of Neaethum, we should read, acc. to the manuscripts, Neretum, q. v.).

† nĕāniscŏlŏgus, i, m., = νεανισκολόγος, speaking in a juvenile manner, Schol. Juv. 8, 191.

Nĕāpŏlis, is, f., = Νεάπολις (Newtown).

  1. I. A celebrated maritime city in Campania, a colony of the Cumæans, called by the early Romans Novapolis, now Napoli, Naples, Mel. 2, 4, 9; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 62; Varr. L. L. 6, § 58 Müll.; Cic. Balb. 24, 55; id. Rab. Post. 10, 26: otiosa, Hor. Epod. 5, 43: docta, Mart. 5, 78, 14: hospita Musis, Sil. 12, 31.
    Hence,
      1. 1. Nĕāpŏlītānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Naples, Neapolitan: piscinae, Varr. ap. Non. 543, 33: ager, Plin. 17, 17, 26, § 122: mala cotonea, id. 15, 11, 10, § 38.
        1. b. Subst.
          1. (α) Nĕāpŏlītānum, i, n., a villa near Naples; of Pompey, Cic. Att. 7, 2, 5; of Lucullus, id. Ac. 2, 3, 9; of Pontius, id. Att. 14, 21, 3.
          2. (β) Nĕāpŏlītāni, ōrum, m., the Neapolitans, Cic. Fam. 13, 30, 1; id. Off. 1, 10, 33; id. Tusc. 1, 35, 86.
      2. 2. Nĕāpŏlītes, ae, m., a Neapolitan: Dion, Varr. ap. Aug. Civ. Dei, 21, 8.
      3. 3. Nĕā-pŏlītis, ĭdis, f., a (female) Neapolitan: meretrix, Afran. ap. Non. 318, 6.
  2. II. A city in Zeugitana, now Nabal, Mel. 1, 7; Plin. 5, 4, 3, § 24; Auct. B. Afr. 2.
  3. III. The fourth quarter of the city of Syracuse, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119; Liv. 25, 25, 5.

Nĕarchus, i, m., = Νέαρχος.

  1. I. An admiral of Alexander the Great, who commanded the fleet sent on a voyage of discovery to India, and wrote the history of the expedition, Plin. 6, 23, 26, § 97; Curt. 9, 10, 2; 10, 1, 5; 10, 6, 6 al.
  2. II. A Tarentine, a host of the elder Cato, Cic. Sen. 12, 41.
  3. III. A beautiful youth, Hor. C. 3, 20, 6.

Nebiodūnum (Noviodūnum), i, n., a city of Lower Mœsia, Cod. Th. 10, 21, 1.

nē̆brĭdae, ārum, m. [nebris], the priests of Ceres clothed in a fawn-skin at the Eleusinian mysteries, the nebris-wearers: nebridarum familia, Arn. 5, 185.

† 1. nē̆bris, ĭdis, f., = νεβρίς, a fawnskin worn by the Bacchanals at the Bacchic festivals: nebridas et fragiles thyrsos portare, Stat. Th. 2, 664: a tereti demisit nebrida collo, id. Achill. 1, 609; Claud. IV. Cons. Honor. 605.

‡ 2. Nebris, ĭdis, f., a Roman surname, Inscr. Grut. 476, 8.

† nebrītis, ĭdis, f., = νεβρῖτις, a precious stone sacred to Bacchus, Plin. 37, 10, 64, § 175.

Nebrōdes, is, m., = Νεβρώδη or Νευρώδη, τά, a chain of mountains running across Sicily from east to west, Sil. 14, 237; Sol. 5, 12.

† Nebrŏphŏnos, Nebrŏphŏnē, m. and f., = νεβροφόνος and νεβροφόνη, fawnkiller.

  1. I. Masc., the name of a dog: Nebrophonosque valens, Ov. M. 3, 211.
  2. II. Fem., a nymph of Diana, Claud. Laud. Stil. 3, 249.

‡ nebrundines, v. nefrens.

‡ Nebrus, i, m., = Νεβρός (fawn), a Roman surname, Inscr. Grut. 476, 8.

nĕbŭla, ae, f. [like nubes; Sanscr. nabhas; Lat. aër, caelum; Gr. νεφέλη], mist, vapor, fog, smoke, exhalation (syn.: nubes, nimbus).

  1. I. Lit.: fluviis ex omnibus et simul ipsa Surgere de terrā nebulas aestumque videmus, etc., Lucr. 6, 477; Verg. A. 8, 258: tenuem exhalat nebulam, id. G. 2, 217.
    Poet., of the clouds: nebulae pluviique rores, Hor. C. 3, 3, 56; Verg. A. 1, 412; 439 (for which, nubes, id. ib. 587; Ov. M. 6, 21.
    Of smoke, Ov. Tr. 5, 5, 31.
    Of any thing soft or transparent: nebula haud est mollis, atque hujus est, Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 21: desine Inter ludere virgines Et stellis nebulam spargere candidis, Hor. C. 3, 15, 6.
    Prov.: nebulae cyathus, of any thing worthless, trifling, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 62.—
    Personified = Nephele, Hyg. Fab. 2 and 3.
    1. B. Transf., a foggy mist, a vapor, cloud: pulveris nebula, Lucr. 5, 253: nebulae dolia summa tegunt, Ov. F. 5, 269: pinguem nebulam vomuere lucernae, Pers. 5, 181; Sil. 6, 281: per nebulam audire, aut scire aliquid, to hear or know a thing indistinctly, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 47; id. Capt. 5, 4, 26 (for which: quasi per caliginem videre, Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 2).
      1. 2. A thin, transparent substance; of a thin garment: aequum est induere nuptam ventum textilem, Palam prostare nudam in nebulā lineā, Laber. ap. Petr. 55; of a thin plate of metal, Mart. 8, 33, 3.
  2. II. Trop., darkness, obscurity: erroris nebula, Juv. 10, 4: nebulae quaestionum, obscure, puzzling questions, Gell. 8, 10 in lemm.: suspicionum nebulae, vague suspicions, Amm. 14, 1, 4.
    Of something empty, trifling, worthless: grande locuturi nebulas Helicone legunto, Pers. 5, 7 (for which: nubes et inania captare, Hor. A. P. 230).

nĕbŭlo, ōnis, m. [nebula],

  1. I. a paltry, worthiess fellow, an idle rascal, a sorry wretch: nugator ac nebulo, Lucil. ap. Non. 19, 3; Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 15: nos ab isto nebulone facetius eludimur, quam putamus, Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 128: nebulones Alcinoique juventus, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 28: vappa ac nebulo, id. S. 1, 1, 104; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 12: nebulo lucifugus (perh. on account of the etymology of the word), a scoundrel that shuns the light, Lucil. ap. Non. 19, 2.
    In apposition with homo: vulgus nebulonum hominum, Gell. 1, 2, 7; 16, 6, 12.
  2. II. Acc. to Acron ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 12, nebulo also signifies a man of low birth; on which account slaves were also called nebulones.

‡ nĕbŭlor, āri, v. dep. [nebulo], to be a worthless fellow: nebulor, ἀχρηστῶ, Gloss. Philox.

nĕbŭlōsĭtas, ātis, f. [nebulosus], mistiness, cloudiness, darkness (post-class. and very rare): vaporum nebulositas, Arn. 7, 234.

nĕbŭlōsus, a, um, adj. [nebula], full of mist or vapor, misty, foggy, cloudy, dark.

  1. I. Lit.: ager si nebulosus est, Cato, R. R. 6: nebulosum et caliginosum caelum, Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 60: nebulosus et roscidus aër, Plin. 21, 7, 18, § 36: exhalatio, id. 31, 3, 27, § 44: dies nebulosi nubilive, Cels. 2, 1.
    1. B. Esp. of a fine texture, cloud-like, = νεφέλαι, nebulosa retia, Aus. Ep. 3, 5.
  2. * II. Trop., dark, difficult to understand: nomen, Gell. 20, 3, 3.

1. nĕc, conj., v. neque.

2. nĕc, an inseparable negative parti. cle in compounds for nĕ: necopinans, necopinus; also in nĕgotium for nec-otium, and in neglego for nec-lego; and with suppressed c and lengthened ē: nēquaquam, nēquiquam.

nĕcātor, ōris, m. [neco], a slayer, a murderer (post-class.): hominum, Macr. S. 1, 12, 9: civium, Lampr. Commod. 18, 13.

nĕcātrix, īcis, f. [necator], she who slays (late Lat.), Aug. de Cons. Evang. 13 med.

necdum, v. neque fin.

Nĕcepsus, i (Nĕcepso, ōnis, Jul. Firm. 8), m., a mythic astrologer in Egypt, a disciple of Æsculapius and Anubis, Aus. Ep. 19, 18.

‡ necerim, nec eum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162, 21 Müll. (acc. to Müll. ib. p. 386, a; erim is acc. for esim, from es = is).

nĕcessārĭē, adv., v. necessarius fin. 1.

nĕcessārĭō, adv., v. necessarius fin. 2.

nĕcessārĭus, a, um, adj. (comp. necessarior, Tert. Patient. 11; id. Test. Anim. 4 al.) [necesse], unavoidable, inevitable, indispensable, needful, requisite, necessary: necessarium ait esse Opilius Aurelius, in quo non sit cessandum, aut sine quo vivi non possit: aut sine quo non bene vivatur: aut quod non possit prohiberi, quin fiat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.

  1. I. Lit.: necessarius et fatalis, opp. voluntarius, Cic. Phil. 10, 9, 9; cf.: id quod imperatur necessarium; illud, quod permittitur, voluntarium est, id. Inv. 2, 49, 145: necessaria conclusio, id. Top. 16, 60: leges fatales et necessariae, id. Univ. 12: omnia quae sint ad vivendum necessaria, id. Off. 1, 4, 11: senatori necessarium est, nōsse rem publicam, id. Leg. 3, 18, 41.
    So without dat., = necesse est: ne tam necessarium quidem est male meritis quam optime referre quod debeas, id. post Red. ad Quir. 9, 22: castra ponere necessarium visum est, Liv. 21, 58, 6; Plin. Ep. 10, 37, 3; Gai. Inst. 3, 216: necessariā re coactus, by necessity, Caes. B. C. 1, 40: quod tam necessario tempore ab iis non sublevetur, time of need or necessity, id. B. G. 1, 16: cum longius necessario procederent, farther than was necessary, too far, id. ib. 7, 16: res magis necessariae, Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 145: res maxime necessaria, id. Fam. 2, 6, 2: necessarior medela, Tert. Patient. 11: necessarior sententia, id. Test. Anim. 4: necessariores operas, id. Cult. Tem. 1, 5; id. Res. Carn. 31: aliquid necessarius, id. Carn. Christ. 7 med.
    Subst.: nĕcessā-rĭa, ōrum, n., the necessaries of life: Persae armis positis ad necessaria ex proximo vico ferenda discurrunt, Curt. 5, 12, 6: plebes sic adcensa uti … sua necessaria post illius honorem ducerent, Sall. J. 73, 6; Front. Strat. 3, 14, 4.
    1. * B. In partic.: necessariae partes, the private parts, Gai. Inst. 3, § 193.
  2. II. Transf., connected with another by natural or moral ties (of blood, friendship, clientship), belonging, related, connected, bound.
          1. (α) Adj.: cum utrique sis maxime necessarius, Balb. et Opp. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A: victoria hominis necessarii, of a friend, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 2; so, homo, of a father-in-law, Nep. Dat. 6: ut a latronibus redimeret necessarias mulieri personas, Dig. 24, 3, 21: necessarius heres = suus heres, the natural heir, who was in the potestas of the deceased (opp. to heres extraneus), Gai. Inst. 2, 37; 3, 153; 156; Dig. 38, 16, 1.
          2. (β) Subst.: nĕ-cessārĭus, i, m., a relation, relative, kinsman, connection, friend, client, patron (cf. necessitudo, II.; syn.: familiaris, intimus): necessarii sunt, ut Gallus Aelius ait, qui aut cognati aut affines sunt, in quos necessaria officia conferuntur praeter ceteros, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.; necessarius angustus, a very near relative, Fragm. Jur. Civ. p. 86 Mai.: L. Torquatus meus familiaris ac necessarius, Cic. Sull. 1, 2: in iis necessariis, qui tibi a patre relicti sunt, me tibi esse vel conjunctissimum, id. Fam. 13, 29, 1: nĕcessārĭa, ae, f., a female relative or friend: virgo Vestalis hujus propinqua et necessaria, id. Mur. 35, 73: Cerelliae, necessariae meae, rem commendavi tibi, id. Fam. 13, 72, 1.
            Hence, adv.
      1. 1. nĕcessārĭē (rare), unavoidably, necessarily: necessarie demonstrari, Cic. Inv. 1, 29, 44: comparato cibo, Val. Max. 7, 6, 3.
      2. 2. nĕcessārĭō (the most usual form): necessario reviviscere, Cic. Fam. 6, 10, 5: quibuscum vivo necessario, id. ib. 5, 21, 1: quod necessario rem Caesari enuntiārit, Caes. B. G. 1, 17: copias parat, Sall. J. 21, 1; Quint. 10, 1, 29; 5, 10, 80; Lact. 2, 12.

nĕcesse (arch. nĕcessum, v. infra: NECESVS, S. C. de Bacch. l. 4: necessus, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 119 Wagn. ad loc.; id. Eun. 5, 5, 28; Gell. 16, 8, 1; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. 6, 815), neutr. adj. (gen. necessis, Lucr. 6, 815 ex conj. Lachm.; cf. Munro ad loc.; elsewhere only nom. and acc. sing., and with esse or habere) [perh. Sanscr. naç, obtain; Gr. root ἐνεκ-; cf. ἀνάγκη; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. 424].

  1. I. Form necesse.
    1. A. Unavoidable, inevitable, indispensable, necessary (class.; cf.: opus, usus est)
      1. 1. With esse.
        1. a. With subject.-clause: edocet quanto detrimento … necesse sit constare victoriam, Caes. B. G. 7, 19: necesse est eam, quae … timere permultos, Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23: emas, non quod opus est, sed quod necesse est, Cato ap. Sen. Ep. 94, 28: nihil fit, quod necesse non fuerit, Cic. Fat. 9, 17: necesse est igitur legem haberi in rebus optimis, id. Leg. 2, 5, 12; id. Verr 2, 3, 29, § 70.
        2. b. With dat. (of the person, emphatic): nihil necesse est mihi de me ipso dicere, Cic. Sen. 9, 30: de homine enim dicitur, cui necesse est mori, id. Fat. 9, 17.
        3. c. With ut and subj.: eos necesse est ut petat, Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23: sed ita necesse fuisse, cum Demosthenes dicturus esset, ut concursus ex totā Graeciā fierent, Cic. Brut. 84, 289; Sen. Ep. 78, 15: hoc necesse est, ut, etc., Cic. de Or. 2, 29, 129; Sen. Q. N. 2, 14, 2: neque necesse est, uti vos auferam, Gell. 2, 29, 9: necesse est semper, ut id … per se significet, Quint. 8, 6, 43.
        4. d. With subj. alone: haec autem oratio … aut nulla sit necesse est, aut omnium irrisione ludatur, Cic. de Or. 1, 12, 50: istum condemnetis necesse est, id. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 45: vel concidat omne caelum necesse est, id. Tusc. 1, 23, 54: si necesse est aliquid ex se magni boni pariat, Lact. 3, 12, 7.
      2. 2. With habere (class. only with inf.): non habebimus necesse semper concludere, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 47: eo minus habeo necesse scribere, id. Att. 10, 1, 4: Oppio scripsi ne necesse habueris reddere, id. ib. 16, 2, 5: non verbum pro verbo necesse habui reddere, id. Opt. Gen. Or. 5, 14: non necesse habeo omnia pro meo jure agere, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 26; Quint. 11, 1, 74; Vulg. Matt. 14, 16: necesse habere with abl. (= egere; late Lat.): non necesse habent sani medico, Vulg. Marc. 2, 17.
        In agreement with object of habere: non habet rex sponsalia necesse, Vulg. 1 Reg. 18, 25.
    2. B. Needful, requisite, indispensable, necessary: id quod tibi necesse minime fuit, facetus esse voluisti, Cic. Sull. 7, 22.
  2. II. Form necessum (mostly ante-class.).
    1. A. With subject.-clause: foras necessum est, quicquid habeo, vendere, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 66: quod sit necessum scire, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 186 P.: nec tamen haec retineri hamata necessumst, Lucr. 2, 468: externa corpus de parte necessumst tundier, id. 4, 933: necessum est vorsis gladiis depugnarier, Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 36: necessum est paucis respondere, Liv. 34, 5: num omne id aurum in ludos consumi necessum esset? id. 39, 5: tonsorem capiti non est adhibere necessum, Mart. 6, 57, 3.
    2. B. With dat.: dicas uxorem tibi necessum esse ducere, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 25.
    3. C. With subj.: unde anima, atque animi constet natura necessum est, Lucr. 4, 120: quare etiam nativa necessum est confiteare Haec eadem, id. 5, 377.

nĕcessĭtas, ātis (gen. plur. -ātium, Caes. B. G. 7, 89, 1), f. [necesse], unavoidableness, inevitableness, necessity, compulsion, force, exigency.

  1. I. Lit.: hinc exsistit illa fatalis necessitas, quam εἱμαρμένην dicitis, ut, quidquid accidat, id ex aeternā veritate, causarumque continuatione fluxisse dicatis, Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 55: ut, etiam si naturā tales (i. e. feroces) non sint, necessitate esse coguntur, by the compulsion of circumstances, id. Fam. 4, 9, 3: tempori cedere, id est necessitati parere, semper sapientis est habitum, id. ib. 4, 9, 2: veniam necessitati dare, id. Off. 2, 16, 56: necessitatem alicui afferre, id. Phil. 10, 1, 2. necessitas mihi obvenit alicujus rei, id. Off. 2, 21, 74: ex necessitate aliquid facere, Tac. H. 3, 62: ac nescio an majores necessitates vobis, quam captivis vestris, fortuna circumdederit, Liv. 21, 43: extrema necessitas, i. e. death, Sall. H. 1, 41, 15 Dietsch; Tac. A. 15, 61; id. H. 1, 72: necessitate me, mala ut fiam, facis, Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 54.
    Prov.: facere de necessitate virtutem, to make a virtue of necessity, Hier. in Ruf. 3, n. 2; id. Ep. 54, n. 6: quam cum pecuniam profudisset, et sibi nihil non modo ad cupiditates suas, sed ne ad necessitatem quidem reliquisset, Cic. Clu. 25, 68.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Fate, destiny, a law of nature: signorum ortus et obitus … quadam ex necessitate semper eodem modo fiunt, Cic. Inv. 1, 34, 59: humana consilia divina necessitate esse superata, id. Lig. 6, 17: ut vita, quae necessitati deberetur, id. Sest. 21, 47: ut id fatum vim necessitatis adferret, id. Fat. 17, 39: et vis omnium rerum, id. ib. 20, 48: fati, Liv. 1, 42.
    2. B. In plur. concr., necessaries, necessary things, necessary expenses: reliquis autem tribus virtutibus necessitates propositae sunt ad eas res parandas, quibus actio vitae continetur, Cic. Off. 1, 5, 17: vitae necessitatibus servire, id. Div. 1, 49, 110: suarum necessitatum causa, wants, interests, Caes. B. G. 7, 89: publicae necessitates, Liv. 23, 48, 10: necessitates ac largitiones, Tac. A. 1, 11.
    3. C. Necessity, need, want (mostly post-Aug.): famem et ceteras necessitates tantopere tolerabant, ut, etc., Suet. Caes. 68; id. Tib. 47: quod pro honore acceptum etiam necessitatibus subvenit, Tac. G. 15: neque enim necessitatibus tantummodo nostris provisum est, usque in delicias amamur, Sen. Ben. 4, 5, 1; cf.: sustinere necessitates aliorum, Liv. 6, 15, 9.
    4. D. For necessitudo, connection, relationship, friendship: si nostram necessitatem familiaritatemque violāsset, Cic. Sull. 1, 2: magnam necessitatem possidet paternus maternusque sanguis, bond of affection, intimacy, id. Rosc. Am. 24, 66: equidem mihi videor pro nostrā necessitate non labore defuisse, Caes. ap. Gell. 13, 3, 5 (cited ap. Non. 354, 11).
    5. E. Personified: Necessitas, the goddess of necessity, the Gr. Ἀνάγκη: te semper anteit saeva Necessitas, Hor. C. 1, 35, 17; cf. Macr. S. 1, 19; and v. clavus.

nĕcessĭtūdo, ĭnis, f. [necesse], necessity, inevitableness, want, need, distress.

  1. I. Lit. (in Cic. less freq. than necessitas; in gen. more antiquated; cf. Gell. 13, 3, 3): calamitatis necessitudine inductus, Sisenn. ap. Non. 354, 6: puto hanc esse necessitudinem, cui nullā vi resisti potest: quae neque mutari neque leniri potest, Cic. Inv. 2, 57, 170; cf. the context: an necessitudine, quod alio modo agi non possit, id. ib. 2, 20, 61; 2, 57, 171: neve eam necessitudinem imponatis, ut, etc., Sall. C. 33, 5: non eadem nobis et illis necessitudo impendet, id. ib. 58, 5: necessitudinem alicui facere, Tac. A. 3, 64: miserrima, Vell. 2, 50, 2.
  2. II. Transf., a close connection, in which one person stands to another as relative or friend, relationship, friendship, intimacy, bond, etc.: plerique grammaticorum asseverant, necessitudinem et necessitatem longe differre, ideo, quod necessitas sit vis quaedam premens et cogens: necessitudo autem dicatur jus quoddam et vinculum religiosae conjunctionis idque unum solitarium significet, Gell. 13, 3, 1: nomina necessitudinum mutare, Cic. Clu. 70, 199: sancta necessitudinum nomina, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 6, 4, 2: liberorum necessitudo, Cic. Fam. 13, 10, 1: etiam antea Jugurthae filia Bocchi nupserat. Verum ea necessitudo apud Numidas Maurosque levis ducitur, Sall. J. 80, 6: in amicitiae conjunctionisque necessitudine, Cic. Lael. 20, 71; cf.: sunt mihi cum illo omnes amicitiae necessitudines, id. Sest. 17, 39: necessitudo et affinitas, id. Quint. 4, 13: summā necessitudine et summā conjunctione adductus, id. Fam. 13, 27, 2: bonos viros ad tuam necessitudinem adjungere, id. ib. 13, 11, 2: cum accusatore tuo satis justam causam conjungendae necessitudinis putant, quod, etc., id. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 145: necessitudinem sancte colere, id. Fam. 13, 19, 1: familiaritatis necessitudinisque oblitus, id. Mur. 3, 7: caput illud est ut Lysonem … recipias in necessitudinem tuam, id. Fam. 13, 19, 3; cf. id. ib. 13, 12, 1; 9, 13, 3.
      1. 2. Trop., a necessary connection: numerus autem … neque habebat aliquam necessitudinem aut cognationem cum oratione, Cic. Or. 56, 186.
    1. B. Concr.: necessitudines, persons with whom one is closely connected, relatives, connections, friends (post-Aug.): petiit, ut sibi permitteretur revisere necessitudines, i. e. mother and children, Suet. Tib. 11 fin.: remisit tamen hosti judicato necessitudines amicosque omnes, id. Aug. 17; id. Tib. 50; Tac. H. 3, 59 fin.: crederes Alexandrum inter suas necessitudines flere, Curt. 4, 10, 12: relictis obsidum loco necessitudinibus suis, Amm. 15, 5, 6.

nĕcesso, āre, v. a. [necesse], to render necessary (late Lat.): nam cibus et somnus, nisi quod natura necessat, etc., Ven. Vit. S. Mart. 2, 412.

nĕcessum, v. necesse.

‡ nĕcĕunt, non eunt, Paul. ex Fest. pp. 162 and 163 Müll.

nechon, i, n., a kind of spice with which sweet things were kept from turning, Apic. 1, 14.

necnĕ, adv. [neque-ne], or not, is used in the second half of a disjunctive interrogation, corresponding to -ne or utrum, and also without a corresp interrog, particle in the first half (usually in indirect interrogations, and without repeating the verb).

  1. I. In indirect interrogations.
    1. A. Without a verb: quaero, potueritne Roscius ex societate partem suam petere necne, Cic. Rosc. Com. 17, 52: jam dudum ego erro, qui quaeram, utrum emeris necne, id. Verr. 2, 4, 16, § 35: utrum proelium committi ex usu esset necne, Caes. B. G. 1, 50: nunc habeam necne, incertum est, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 43: posset agi lege necne pauci quondam sciebant, Cic. Mur. 11, 25: accipiat enim actionem necne ad eventum pertinet, Quint. 3, 6, 73; cf. id. 1, 4, 21; and Spald. on 7, 3, 30: idcirco quidam, comoedia necne poëma Esset, quaesivere, Hor. S. 1, 4, 45.
    2. B. With a verb: Aristo dubitat omnino, deus animans necne sit, Cic. N. D. 1, 14, 37: hoc doce doleam necne doleam nihil interesse, id. Tusc. 2, 12, 29: fiat necne fiat, id quaeritur, id. Div. 1, 39, 86: quaeritur sintne di necne sint, id. N. D. 1, 22, 61: di utrum sint necne sint, quaeritur, id. ib. 3, 7, 17.
  2. II. In a direct interrogation (rare): sunt haec tua verba necne? Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 41.

nec-non, also separately, nec non or nĕquĕ non, partic. of emphatic affirmation.

  1. I. And also, and yet, and in fact, to connect sentences: nec vero non eadem ira deorum hanc ejus satellitibus injecit amentiam, Cic. Mil. 32, 86: neque meam mentem non domum saepe revocat exanimata uxor, id. Cat. 4, 2, 3: neque tamen illa non ornant, id. de Or. 2, 85, 347: nec vero Aristoteles non laudandus in eo, quod, etc., id. N. D. 2, 16, 44: neque non me tamen mordet aliquid, id. Fam. 3, 12, 2.
  2. II. In gen., likewise, also (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose): necnon etiam precor Lympham et Bonum eventum, Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 6; 2, 5, 9: nec non et Tyrii … frequentes Convenere, Verg. A. 1, 707: tunc mihi praecipue, nec non tamen ante, placebas, Ov. H. 4, 69: granum letale animalibus: nec non et in folio eadem vis, Plin. 13, 22, 38, § 118; cf.: gratissima est et esca panicum et milium, nec non hordeum, Col. 8, 15, 6: nec non etiam poëmata faciebat ex tempore, Suet. Gram. 23.

nĕco, āvi, ātum (perf. necuit, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 861 P.; v. infra; part. nectus, Ser. Samm. 33, 627; cf. Diom. p. 362 P.), 1, v. a. [Sanscr. naç, disappear; Gr. νέκυς, corpse, νεκρός, dead], to kill, slay, put to death, destroy (usually without a weapon, by poison, hunger, etc.; cf.: occido, interficio, interimo, perimo).

  1. I. Lit.: neci datus proprie dicitur, qui sine vulnere interfectus est, ut veneno aut fame, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.: occisum a necato distingui quidam volunt, quod alterum a caedendo atque ictu fieri dicunt, alterum sine ictu, id. s. v. occisum, p. 178 ib.: necare aliquem odore taetro, Lucr. 6, 787: plebem fame, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 2: legatum P. R. vinculis ac verberibus necavit, id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11: aliquem igni, Caes. B. G. 1, 53: aliquem ferro, Hor. S. 2, 7, 58; Verg. A. 8, 488: veneno, Suet. Ner. 43: securi Gell. 17, 21, 17; Juv. 10, 316: suspendiosa fame, Plin. 8, 37, 56, § 134: vidissem nullos, matre necante, dies, Ov. Am. 2, 14, 22: homines in ventre necandos conducit, Juv. 6, 596: colubra necuit hominem, Phaedr. 4, 14, 4.
    Of impersonal subjects: hos pestis necuit, pars occidit illa duellis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 861 P. (Ann. v. 549 Vahl.): lien necat, renes dolent, Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 21: radices herbarum vomere, Col. 2, 4, 1: salsi imbres necant frumenta, Plin. 31, 4, 29, § 52: hedera arbores, id. 16, 44, 92, § 243; cf. Laber. ap. Macr. Sat. 2, 7: aquae flammas necant, quench, Plin. 31, 1, 1, § 2; to drown (late Lat.): deducti ad torrentem necati sunt, Sulp. Sev. Hist. 1.
  2. II. Trop.: quid te coërces et necas rectam indolem, i. e. thwart, check, Sen. Hippol. 454.
    So to worry or bore to death with talking, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 43 (cf.: occidis saepe rogando, Hor. Epod. 14, 5).

nĕc-ŏpīnans (also separately, nĕc ŏpīnans), antis, adj., not expecting, unaware (rare but class.), Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 12: et necopinanti (tibi) mors ad caput accidit, Lucr. 3, 959 (Lachm., nec opinanti): Ariobarzanem necopinantem liberavi, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 10; Phaedr. 5, 7, 8.
Hence, adv.: nĕcŏpīnanter, unexpectedly, unawares: necopinanter, ἀπροσδοκήτως, Gloss. Philox.

nĕcŏpīnātō, adv., v. necopinatus fin.

nĕc-ŏpīnātus (also separately, nĕc ŏpīnātus), a, um, adj., unexpected (class.): desertae disciplinae et jam pridem relictae patrocinium nec opinatum a nobis esse susceptum, Cic. N. D. 1, 3, 6: necopinata bona perspicere, id. Off. 2, 10, 36: nec opinato adventu urbem interceptam, Liv. 26, 51: in necopinatam fraudem labi, id. 27, 33: necopinatum gaudium, id. 39, 49.
Plur. as subst.: nĕcŏpīnāta, ōrum, n., the unforeseen: cum diligenter necopinatorum naturam consideres, Cic. Tusc. 3, 22, 52.
A dverb.: locum secretum ab tumultu petit, unde ex necopinato aversum hostem invadat, unexpectedly, unawares, Cic. Tusc. 4, 27, 8.
Hence, adv.: nĕcŏpīnātō (or separately, nĕc ŏpīnātō), unexpectedly: si necopinato quid evenerit, Cic. Tusc. 3, 22, 52; cf. id. ib. 3, 24, 59: aliquem necopinato videre, id. Fin. 3, 2, 8; id. Phil. 2, 31, 77: aliud novum malum necopinato exortum, Liv. 3, 15, 4.

nĕc-ŏpīnus (also separately, nĕc ŏpīnus), a, um, adj. (poet).

  1. I. Pass., unexpected: necopina mors, Ov. M. 1, 224: ictus, Stat. Th. 6, 778: pericula, Sil. 14, 188; Aus. Grat. Act. ad Grat. 12.
  2. * II. Act., not expecting, unsuspecting, careless: ipsum accipiter necopinum rapit, Phaedr. 1, 9, 6; occultā necopinum (hostem) perde sagittā, Ov. M. 12, 596.

† necrŏmantīa (-ēa), ae, f., = νεκρομαντεια,

  1. I. an evoking of the dead to reveal the future, necromancy, Lact. 2, 16 init., Aug. Civ. Dei, 7, 35.
  2. II. Necromantea Homeri, that part of the Odyssey in which Ulysses descends into the infernal regions, Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 132.

‡ necrŏmantĭi, ōrum, m. [necromantia], necromancers: necromantii sunt, quorum praecantationibus videntur resuscitati mortui divinare et ad interrogata respondere, Isid. Orig. 8, 9, 11 (al. necromantici).

necrōsis, is, f., = νέκρωσις, the killing, causing to die, Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 4, 125.

† necrŏthytus, a, um, adj., = νεκροθυτος, of or belonging to sacrifices to the dead: voluptates, Tert. Spect. 13.

Nectanăbis, is or idis, m. (Nectĕ-bis, Plin. 36, 9, 14, § 67; 36, 13, 19, § 89; Tert. Anim. 57: Nectănĕbus, Nep. Chabr. 2, 2), a king of Egypt, Nep. Ages. 8, 6.

Nectănĕbus, v. Nectanabis.

† nectar, ăris, n., = νεκταρ, nectar, the drink of the gods.

  1. I. Lit.: non enim ambrosiā deos aut nectare … laetari, arbitror, Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65; cf. id. N. D. 1, 40, 112; Ov. M. 3, 318; 10, 161; 14, 606; Hor. C. 3, 3, 12; 34 al.: nectaris ambrosii sacrum potare lyaeum, Prud. ap. Symm. 1, 276; as balsam, Ov M. 4, 250; 252: siccato nectare Vulcanus, Juv. 13, 45.
  2. II. Poet. transf., of any thing sweet, pleasant, delicious, nectar.
    So of fragrant balm, Ov. M. 4, 250; 10, 732.
    Of honey: aliae (apes) purissima mella Stipant et liquido distendunt nectare cellas, Verg. G. 4, 164.
    Of milk: quid meruistis oves … pleno quae fertis in ubere nectar, Ov. M. 15, 116; cf., of bread and milk: Picentina Ceres niveo sic nectare crescit, Mart. 13, 47, 1.
    Of wine: vina novum fundam calathis Ariusia nectar, Verg. E. 5, 71; id. G. 4, 384; Ov. M. 1, 111: Baccheum, Stat. S. 2, 2, 99.
    Of a pleasant odor: et nardi florem, nectar qui naribus halat, Lucr. 2, 848.
    Hence, trop., of poetry: cantare credas Pegaseium nectar, Pers. prol. 14.

nectărĕa, ae, v. nectareus, II. B.

nectărĕus (nectărĭus), a, um, adj. [nectar],

  1. I. of or belonging to nectar, nectared: nectareis quod alatur aquis, Ov. M. 7, 707.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Sweet or delicious as nectar: Falernum, Mart. 13, 108: fontes, Claud. Nupt. Honor. et Mar. 209.
    2. B. Subst.: nectărĕa, ae, f. (sc. herba), the plant elecampane, used for flavoring wine, which was hence called nectarites, Plin. 14, 16, 19. § 108.

nectărītes, ae, m., wine flavored with elecampane, v. nectareus, II. B.

necto, xŭi, sometimes xi (cf. Neue, Formenl. 2, 494 sq.), xum (inf. pass. nectier, Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59), 3, v. a. [with neo, kindr. to Sanscr. nah, ligare, nectere, and Gr. νέω, νήθω], to bind, tie, fasten; to join, bind, or fasten together, connect.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen.: nectere ligare significat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 165 Müll.: necte tribus nodis ternos, Amarylli, colores, Verg. E. 8, 77: catenas, Hor. C. 1, 29, 5: necte meo La miae coronam, weave, make, id. ib. 1, 26, 8, so, coronas, id. ib. 4, 11, 3; id. Ep. 2, 2, 96; id. Epod. 17, 22: laqueum alicui, id. Ep. 1, 19, 31: pedibus talaria, Verg. A. 4, 239: flavàque caput nectentur olivā, id. ib. 5, 309: nodum informis leti trabe nectit ab alta, id. ib. 12, 603: bracchia, to fold in each other, entwine, clasp, Ov. F. 6, 329; cf.: collo bracchia meo, id. H. 5, 48: comam myrto, id. Am. 1, 2, 23: mille venit variis florum dea nexa coronis, id. F. 4, 495: venit odoratos Elegeïa nexa capillos, id. Am. 3, 1, 7; id. P. 3, 1, 124: retia, Prop. 3, 8, 27 (4, 7, 37): alicui compedes, Plin. Ep. 9, 28, 4; Africus in glaciem frigore nectit aquas, Prop. 4 (5), 3, 48.
    2. B. In partic., to bind, fetter, confine, esp. for debt: liber, qui suas operas in servitute pro pecuniā quādam debebat, dum solveret, nexus vocatur ut ab aere obaeratus, enslaved for debt, Varr. L L. 7, § 105 Müll.: cum sint propter unius libidinem omnia nexa civium liberata, nectierque postea desitum, Cic. Rep. 2, 34, 59; cf.: ita nexi soluti cautumque in posterum, ne necterentur, Liv. 8, 28 fin.: eo anno plebi Romanae velut aliud initium libertatis factum est, quod necti desierant: mutatum autem jus ob unius feneratoris simul libidinem, simul crudelitatem insignem, id. 8, 28, 1; v. also 2. nexus, II.; Liv. 2, 27; 23: nec carcerem nexis, sed caedibus civitatem replet, Just. 21, 2; cf. id. 21, 1.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To affix, attach: ut ex alio alia nectantur, Cic. Leg. 1, 19, 52: ex hoc genere causarum ex aeternitate pendentium fatum a Stoicis nectitur, id. Top. 15, 59.
    2. B. To bind by an obligation, to oblige, make liable, bind, etc.: sacramento nexi, Just. 20, 4: res pignori nexa, i. e. pledged, pawned, Dig. 49, 14, 22, § 1.
    3. C. To join or fasten together, to connect, Cic. Or. 41, 140: rerum causae aliae ex aliis aptae et necessitate nexae, id. Tusc. 5, 25, 70; cf.: omnes virtutes inter se nexae et jugatae sunt, id. ib. 3, 8, 17: nectere dolum, to contrive, Liv. 27, 28: causas inanes, to frame, invent, bring forward, Verg. A. 9, 219: canoris Eloquium vocale modis, to set to harmonious measures, Juv. 7, 18: numeris verba, Ov. P. 4, 2, 30: cum aliquo jurgia, i. e. to quarrel, id. Am. 2, 2, 35: moras, to make, contrive, Tac. A. 12, 14: insidias, Val. Max. 3, 8, 5: talia nectebant, they thus conversed, Stat. Th. 8, 637.

nectus, a, um, Part. of neco; q. v. init.

nĕcŭbi, adv. [ne alicubi], that nowhere, lest anywhere (not in Cic.). itaque faciunt lapide stratā, ut urina necubi in stabulo consistat, Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 19; so, ut necubi, Col. 2, 18, 4: dispositis exploratoribus, necubi Romani copias transducerent, Caes. B. G. 7, 35; Liv. 22, 2, 3; 25, 33, 9; Suet. Aug. 46; 86; Luc. 9, 1059.

nĕc-unde, adv., that from no place, lest from anywhere (Livian): circumspectans, necunde impetus in frumentatores fieret, Liv 22, 23, 10; 28, 1, 9.

‡ nĕcunquem, necumquam quemquam, Paul. ex Fest. pp. 162 and 163 Müll.

‡ nĕc-ŭter, tra, trum, adj., for neuter, neither of the two, neither, Inscr. Orell. 4859 (p. 351 fin.).

† nĕcydălus, i, m., = νεκύδαλος (deathlike), the larva of the silk-worm, in the stage of metamorphosis preceding that in which it receives the name of bombyx: primum eruca fit, deinde, quod vocatur bombylius, ex eo necydalus, ex hoc in sex mensibus bombyx, Plin. 11, 22, 26, § 76 (acc. to Aristot. H. A. 5, 19, κάμπη, βομβύλιος, νεκύδαλος, βομβύκιον).

nĕcyŏmantēa, ae, f., = νεκυομαντεία, the summoning of the dead to reveal the future: Homeri, the descent of Ulysses into Hades, as described in the Odyssey, Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 132.

nē-dum,

  1. I. conj. (lit. while not), by no means, much less, still less, not to speak of (class.), used to indicate that whereas a certain thing is not, another thing can still less be.
    1. A. With a preceding negation: satrapes si siet Amator, numquam sufferre ejus sumptus queat: Nedum tu possis, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 43: optimis temporibus nec P. Popillius, nec Q. Metellus vim tribuniciam sustinere potuerunt, nedum his temporibus sine vestrā sapientiā salvi esse possimus, Cic. Clu. 35, 95; id. Planc. 37, 90: nulla simulacra urbibus suis, nedum templis, sinunt, Tac. H. 5, 5: ne voce quidem incommoda, nedum ut ulla vis fieret, Liv. 3, 14 fin.
      With vix or aegre in the place of the preceding negative: vix in ipsis tectis et oppidis frigus infirmā valetudine vitatur: nedum in mari, Cic. Fam. 16, 8, 2; id. Agr. 2, 35, 97: puerum vixdum libertatem, nedum dominationem modice laturum, Liv. 24, 4, 1: et aegre inermem tantam multitudinem, nedum armatam, sustineri, Liv. 6, 7, 3.
    2. B. Without a preceding negation, which, however, lies in the thought expressed: erat enim multo domicilium hujus urbis aptius humanitati tuae, quam tota Peloponnesus, nedum Patrae, Cic. Fam. 7, 28, 1: quippe secundae res sapientium animos fatigant: nedum illi corruptis moribus victoriae temperarent, Sall. C. 11, 8: Tac. A. 13, 20.
  2. II. Transf. (post-Aug.), affirmatively, not to say, much more: adulationes etiam victis Macedonibus graves, nedum victoribus, much more should they prove victors, Liv. 9, 18, 4: Quintius, quem armorum etiam pro patriā satietas teneret, nedum adversus patriam, id. 7, 40; 45, 29; 26, 26: satis mihi jam videbaris animi habere, etiam adversus solida mala, nedum ad istas umbras malorum, quibus, etc., Sen. Ep. 99, 3; Quint. 12, 1, 39: ornamenta etiam legioni, nedum militi, satis multa, Val. Max. 3, 2, 26.
    So, by transposition, beginning the sentence (very rare): nedum hominum humilium, sed etiam amplissimorum virorum, not to speak of, I need not say, Balb. et Opp. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, A, 1.

‡ Nēdymē, ēs, f., and ‡ Nēdymus, i, m. [νήδυμος, from which one does not easily wake], a Roman surname, Inscr. Grut. 696, 5; Inscr. Marin. Frat. Arv. p. 448.

‡ nĕfandārĭus, a, um, adj. [nefandus], that commits a crime, criminal: nefas, nefandus. nefandarius, Not. Tir. p. 74.

nĕfandē, adv., v. nefandus fin.

nĕfandus, a, um, adj. [ne-fari, lit. not to be mentioned, unmentionable; hence], impious, heinous, execrable, abominable (mostly post-Aug.; syn. infandus): sperate deos memores fandi atque nefandi, i. e. wrong, impiety, Verg. A. 1, 543: nefandum adulterium, Cic. Fragm. ap. Quint. 5, 11, 12 (al. nefarium): nefandum vehiculum, Liv. 1, 59: nefandissima quaeque tyrannicae crudelitatis exercuit, Just. 16, 4, 11: fraus, Juv. 13, 174: sacri, id. 15, 116.
Of persons: homo nefandus, Plin. 28, 1, 2, § 9: nefandi homines, Quint. 1, 3, 17.
Sup.: aususne es, nefandissimum caput? etc., Just. 18, 7, 10.
Hence, adv.: nĕfandē, impiously: multa nefande ausi, Sall. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 993 P. (dub: Dietsch. H. 1, 62, nefanda).
Sup.: nefandissime, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 10, 28.

nĕfans, antis, adj. [adjectival collat. form of ne-fas], impious, heinous (anteclass.): nefantia pro nefanda: Lucilius (Satyr. Lib. IV.): Tantalus qui poenas ob facta nefantia pendit, Non. 489, 14 sq.; Varr. Sat. Menip. 83, 4.

nĕfārĭē, adv., v. nefarius fin.

nĕfārĭus, a, um, adj. [nefas],

  1. I. impious, execrable, abominable, nefarious (class.; syn.: impius, sacrilegus): homo nefarius et impius, Cic. Off. 2, 14, 51: nefarius Atreus, Hor. A. P. 186: voluntates consceleratae ac nefariae, Cic. Sull. 9, 28: scelestum ac nefarium facinus, id. Rosc. Am. 13, 37: singularis et nefaria crudelitas, Caes. B. G. 7, 77; Cic. Rep. 3, 9, 14: multa commemorare nefaria in socios, id. Off. 2, 8, 28: nefario scelere se obstringere, Caes. B. C. 2, 32: nuptiae. Gai. Inst. 1, 64.
  2. II. Subst.: nĕfārĭum, ii, n., a heinous act, a crime: rem publicam nefario obstringere. Liv 9, 34.
    Hence, adv.: nĕfārĭē, impiously, execrably, heinously, abominably: aliquid nefarie flagitioseque facere, Cic. Verr. 1, 13, 37; id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 38: nefarie moliri pestem patriae, id. Cat. 2, 1, 1: nefarie occisus pater, id. Rosc. Am. 11, 30.

nĕ-fas, n. indecl., something contrary to divine law, sinful, unlawful, execrable, abominable, criminal; an impious or wicked deed, a sin, a crime (cf.: scelus, flagitium, peccatum).

  1. I. Lit.: quicquid non licet, nefas putare debemus, Cic. Par. 3, 2. 25; cf.: officia tua mihi nefas est oblivisci, id. Fam. 15, 21, 5: Mercurius, quem Aegyptii nefas habent nominare, id. N. D. 3, 22, 56: nefas est dictu, miseram fuisse talem senectutem, id. Sen. 5, 13: eum, cui nihil umquam nefas fuit, id. Mil. 27, 73: quibus nefas est … deserere patronos, Caes. B. G. 7, 40: corpora viva nefas Stygiā vectare carinā, Verg. A. 6, 391: fas atque nefas, right and wrong, id. G. 1, 505; Hor. Epod. 5, 87; cf. id. C. 1, 18, 10; Ov. M. 6, 585: per omne fas ac nefas, in every way, Liv. 6, 14, 10: nefas triste piare, Verg. A. 2, 184: illa dolos dirumque nefas in pectore versat, Certa mori, id. ib. 4, 563: lex maculosum edomuit nefas, i. e. adultery, Hor. C. 4, 5, 22: in omne nefas se parare, Ov. M. 6, 613: summum crede nefas animam praeferre pudori, Juv. 8, 83: belli, civil war, Luc. 2, 507; cf.: fugiens civile nefas, id. 7, 432: magnum nefas contrahere, Just. 24, 3: facere nefas, Vulg. Deut. 22, 21: operari, ib. Lev. 20, 13.
    Poet., of a wicked person, a wretch, monster: exstinxisse nefas tamen … Laudabor (i. e. Helen, as the destroyer of Troy), Verg. A. 2, 585.
    Also inserted as an interjection, O horrid! shocking! dreadful! quātenus, heu nefas! virtutem incolumem odimus, Hor. C. 3, 24, 30; cf.: heu nefas, heu! id. ib. 4, 6, 17: quosne, nefas! omnes infandā in morte reliqui? Verg. A. 10, 673: sequiturque, nefas! Aegyptia conjux, id. ib. 8, 688: Lavinia virgo Visa, nefas! longis comprendere crinibus ignem, O horrible! id. ib. 7, 73.
    Esp.: est nefas, it is forbidden, contrary to law, Varr. L. L. 6, 4.
  2. II. Poet., transf.
    1. A. A horrible or monstrous thing: Eumenides Stygiumque nefas, Luc. 6, 695; 1, 626: infernum, id. 7, 170; Stat. Th. 6, 942.
    2. B. Impossible: levius fit patientiā Quicquid corrigere est nefas, an impossibility (= ἀθέμιτον, ἀδύνατον), Hor. C. 1, 24, 20.

nĕfastus, a, um, adj. [nefas].

  1. I. Lit. (opp. to fastus): dies nefasti, days on which judgment could not be pronounced or assemblies of the people be held: fastis diebus jura fari licebat, nefastis quaedam non licebat fari, Paul. ex Fest. p. 93 Müll.: nefasti dies notantur N littera, quod iis nefas est praetori, apud quem lege agitur, fari tria verba: do, dico, addico, Paul. ex Fest. p. 165 Müll.; v. 1. fastus: ille (Numa) nefastos dies fastosque fecit, quia aliquando nihil cum populo agi, utile futurum erat, Liv. 1, 19, 7; Varr. L. L. 6, 4, 30; Ov. F. 1, 47; Gai. Inst. 4, 29.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. For nefas, contrary to the sacred rites or to religion; irreligious, impious: QVAE AVGVR INIVSTA, NEFASTA, DEFIXERIT, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 8 fin.: prolibare dis nefastum habetur, etc., Plin. 14, 19, 23, § 119.
      1. 2. In gen., wicked, profane, abandoned: homines ad hanc rem idonei; nam istorum nullus nefastust, Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 7.
        Esp., subst.: nĕfastum, i, n. (sc. crimen), a wicked deed, abomination, profanity (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): quid intactum nefasti Liquimus? profane, criminal, Hor. C. 1, 35, 35; Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 47.
    2. B. Unlucky, inauspicious = funestus, ater (not anteAug.): ille et nefasto te posuit die, etc., Hor. C. 2, 13, 1: cum diem natalem ejus (Agrippinae) inter nefastos referendum suasisset, Suet. Tib. 53; Tac. A. 14, 12 init.: ne qua terra sit nefasta victoriae suae, Liv. 6, 28, 8: Acheron, Stat. Th. 4, 456: loca, id. ib. 1, 273: religiosi dies dicuntur tristi omine infames … quos multitudo imperitorum prave et perperam nefastos appellat, Gell. 4, 9, 5.
    3. C. Hurtful, injurious: innocentiorem tamen esse marem (fruticem); eaque causa est ne inter nefastos frutex damnetur, Plin. 20, 11, 44, § 114.

‡ nē̆frendĭtĭum, annuale tributum, quod certo tempore rustici dominis, vel discipuli doctoribus afferre solent, duntaxat sit carneum, ut porcellus, Gloss. Isid.

nē̆frendus, a, um, v. nefrens.

nĕfrens, dis, adj. [ne-frendo], that cannot bite, that has no teeth: nefrendes arietes dixerunt, quod dentibus frendere non possint. Alii dicunt nefrendes infantes esse nondum frendentes, id est frangentes. Livius: Quem ego nefrendem alui lacteam immulgens opem. Sunt qui nefrendes testiculos dici putent, quos Lanuvini appellant nebrundines, Graeci νεφρούς, Praenestini nefrones, Paul. ex Fest. p. 163 Müll.; cf.: coeperunt efferre porcum castratum, quem nefrendum vocabant, id est quasi sine renibus, Fulg. Expos. Serm. Antiq. p. 559, 32: porci amisso nomine lactentis dicuntur nefrendes ab eo, quod nondum fabam frendere possunt, id est frangere, Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 17.

nĕfrōnes, v. nefrens.

nĕgans, antis, P. a., v. nego.

* nĕgantĭa, ae, f. [nego], a denying, a negation: deinde addunt conjunctionum negantiam, sic: Non et hoc est et illud: hoc autem: non igitur illud, Cic. Top. 14, 57 B. and K. (al. negatio).

nĕgantĭnūmĭus, a, um, adj. [negonumus], refusing money: basiola, App. M. 10, p. 248, 36 dub. (Hild. negotinummius).

nĕgātĭo, ōnis, f. [nego],

  1. I. a denying, denial, negation, Cic. Sull. 13, 39: negatio inficiatioque facti, id. Part. 29, 102.
  2. II. In partic., a word that denies, a negative, App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 32, 38.

nĕgātīvus, a, um, adj. [nego], that denies, negative (post-class. for negans, privans, etc.): negativa actio, Gai. Inst. 4, 3: particula, App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 32, 36: verba, Dig. 50, 16, 237; opp. confirmativus, Schol. Juv. 6, 457; 14, 127.
Hence, adv.: nĕgātīvē, negatively (opp. affirmative), Cassiod. Dial. p. 548

        1. (α) ; Boëth. ap. Cic. Top. 5, p. 359, 9 Bait.

nĕgātor, ōris, m. [nego], a denier (postclass.), Tert. adv. Haer. 11; Prud. Cath. 1, 57: Jovis et Minervae, Sid. Ep. 9, 16.

nĕgātōrĭus, a, um, adj. [negator], negatory (jurid. Lat.): actio, Dig. 7, 6, 5; 8, 5, 2; 4.

nĕgātrix, īcis, f. [negator], she who denies (post-class.), Prud. Apoth. 617: litterae negatrices, i. e. denying, Tert. Idol. 23 fin.

‡ nĕgĭbundus, a, um, adj. [nego], denying, Cato ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 165 Müll.

nĕgĭto, āre, v. freq. a. [nego], to deny steadfastly, to persist in denying (very rare): negitare adeo me natum esse, Plaut. Merc. prol. 50: perii; vix negito, id. Bacch. 5, 2, 76: quaero, qui illi ostenderit eam, quam multos annos esse negitavisset, veri et falsi notam, Cic. Ac. 2, 22, 69: ne fieri negites quae dicam posse, Lucr. 4, 913: rex primo negitare, Sall. J. 111, 2: renuit negitatque Sabellus, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 49.

neglectē, adv., v. neglego, P. a. B. fin.

* neglectim, adv. [neglectus], negligently, Poët. ap. Anthol. Lat. 1, p. 637 Burm.

neglectĭo, ōnis, f. [neglego], a neglecting, neglect: amicorum, Cic. Mur. 4, 9.

neglector, ōris, m. [neglego], a neglecter, slighter (late Lat.): praeceptorum dei, Aug. Serm. Divers. 45, 9.

1. neglectus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from neglego.

2. neglectus, ūs, m. [neglego], a neglecting, neglect (very rare for neglectio, neglegentia): quapropter haec res ne utiquam neglectui mihi est, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 116: a somno moventium, Plin. 7, 51, 52, § 171.

neglĕgens, entis, Part. and P. a., from neglego.

neglĕgenter, adv., v. neglego, P. a. A. fin.

neglĕgentĭa (better than neclĕg-, not neglĭg-), ae, f. [neglegens from neglego], carelessness, heedlessness, negligence, neglect (syn. incuria; freq. and class.): neglegentiā, pigritiā, inertiā … impediri, Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28: in accusando, id. Rosc. Am. 21, 59: munditia quae fugiat agrestem et inhumanam neglegentiam, id. Off. 1, 36, 130: accusare aliquem de litterarum neglegentiā, of neglecting to write, id. Att. 1, 6, 1.
So, me nomine neglegentiae suspectum tibi esse doleo, id. Fam. 2, 1, 1: epistularum duarum, quas ad me misit, neglegentiam, meamque in rescribendo diligentiam volui tibi notam esse, brevity, coldness, id. ib. 8, 11, 6: sui, Tac. A. 16, 18: quaedam etiam neglegentia est diligens, Cic. Or. 23, 78: institutorum neglegentiam accusare, id. Rep. 4, 3, 3: nam neque neglegentiā tuā, neque odio id fecit tuo, out of disrespect, want of regard, to you, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 27: caerimoniarum auspiciorumque, neglect, Liv. 22, 9: deorum, id. 5, 51: cum ex neglegentia domini vacet (fundus), Gai. Inst. 2, 51.

neglĕgo (less correctly neglĭgo and neclĕgo), exi, ectum, 3 (perf subj. neglegerit, acc. to the form of the simple verb, Aem. Mac. ap. Diom. 366 P.; and id. ap. Prisc. p. 895 P.; also, acc. to the best MSS., in Sall. J. 40, 1, neglegisset; v. Kritz and Fabri, ad h. l.), v. a. [nec-lego] (qs. not to pick up, i. e.), to not heed, not trouble one’s self about, not attend to, to slight, neglect, be regardless of, indifferent to; constr. with acc. or an object-clause; rarely with de or absol.

  1. I. In gen., opp. to curare (cf. desum): si mandatum neglecturus es, Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 112: maculam judiciorum, id. Clu. 47, 130: rem familiarem neglegebat, Nep. Them. 1, 2: neglectis urenda filix innascitur agris, Hor. S. 1, 3, 37.
          1. (β) With an object-clause: erus quod imperavit, neglexisti persequi, Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 39: diem edicti obire neglexit, Cic. Phil. 3, 8, 20.
          2. (γ) With de: de Theopompo negleximus, Cic. Phil. 13, 16, 33.
  2. II. In partic., to make light of, not to care for, to slight, despise, disregard, contemn, neglect (syn.: despicio, sperno, contemno, fastidio): qui periculum fortunarum et capitis sui pro meā salute neglexit, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 2: tantam pecuniam captam, id. Verr. 2, 3, 94, § 218: cum et bellum ita necessarium sit, ut neglegi non possit, id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49: legem, id. Vatin. 2, 5: minas, id. Quint. 30, 92: imperium alicujus, Caes. B. G. 5, 7: injurias alicujus, to pass over, overlook, id. ib. 1, 36: iram alicujus, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 97: deos, Sall. C. 10, 4: se semper credunt neglegi, i. e. contemni, Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 16.
          1. (β) With an objectclause: verba verbis quasi coagmentare neglegat, neglect, disdain, Cic. Or. 23, 77: Theopompum, expulsum a Trebonio, confugere Alexandriam neglexistis, id. Phil. 13, 16, 33: fraudem committere, Hor. C. 1, 28, 31; Tib. 2, 6, 37.
          2. * (γ) With a foll. ne: neglegens, ne quā populus laboret, unconcerned, careless, Hor. C. 3, 8, 25 (securus, non timens, Schol.).
          3. (δ) Absol.: bonus tantummodo segnior fit, ubi negligas, when you neglect him, Sall. J. 31, 28.
            Hence,
    1. A. neg-lĕgens (neglĭg-, neclĕg-), entis, P. a., heedless, careless, unconcerned, indifferent, negligent, neglectful.
      1. 1. In gen.: neclegens dictus est non legens neque dilectum habens, quid facere debeat, omissā ratione officii sui, Paul. ex Fest. p. 162 Müll.: improvidi et neglegentes duces, Cic. Att. 7, 20, 2: quoniam pater tam neglegens ac dissolutus est, id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 162: socors alicujus natura neglegensque, id. Brut. 68, 239: in amicis deligendis neglegentes, id. Lael. 17, 62: in aliquem, id. Fam. 13, 1, 5.
        With gen.: legum, officii, rei publicae, sociorum atque amicorum neglegentior, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 143: amicorum inimicorumque (= prae stupore haud discernens), Tac. H. 3, 38: lenocinii, Suet. Aug. 79: domus tuae neglegentissimus, Pacat. Pan. Th. 31.
        With circa: circa deos ac religiones neglegentior, Suet. Tib. 69.
        With inf.: post illa obtegere eam neglegens fui, Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 61.
        Of things: alarum neglegens sudor, that proceeds from neglect, Petr. 128: neglegentior amictus, Quint. 11, 3, 147: neglegens sermo, id. 10, 7, 28; cf. stilus, id. 2, 4, 13.
      2. 2. In partic., with respect to one’s fortune, heedless, careless, improvident: in sumptu neglegens, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5: adulescentia neglegens luxuriosaque, Liv. 27, 8; Quint. 7, 2, 29.
        Hence, adv.: neglĕgenter (neglĭg-), heedlessly, carelessly, negligently: scribere (opp. diligenter), Cic. Rosc. Com. 2, 7: gerunt et ferarum pelles, proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius, Tac. G. 17: audientes, Quint. 8, 2, 23: petere pilam, id. 6, 3, 62; 2, 4, 17.
        Comp.: neglegentius asservare aliquid, Cic. Caecin. 26, 73.
        Sup.: neglegentissime amicos habere, Sen. Ep. 63, 7.
    2. B. neglectus, a, um, P. a., neglected, slighted, disregarded, despised: cum ipsi inter nos abjecti neglectique simus, Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 66: castra soluta neglectaque, Liv. 28, 1: religio, Caes. B. G. 6, 17: di, Hor. C. 3, 6, 7: forma viros decet, Ov. A. A. 1, 509.
      Sup.: neglectissima progenies, Stat. Th. 7, 146.
      Hence, * adv.: neglectē, carelessly, negligently: neglectius incedebat, Hier. Ep. 39, n. 1.

nĕgo, āvi, ātum, 1 (perf. subj. negāssim for negaverim, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 96.
Lengthened collat. form negumo: negumate in carmine Cn. Marci vatis significat negate, Paul. ex Fest. p. 165 Müll.; cf. Herm. Doct. Metr. p. 614), v. n. and a. [for ne-igo, ne and ajo, q. v.], to say no, to deny, refuse (opp. ajo, to say yes; v. ajo; cf.: abnuo, diffiteor, infitior).

  1. I. In gen.: vel ai, vel nega, say yes or no, Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 473 P.: vel tu mihi aias vel neges, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 14: negat quis? nego. Ait? aio, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 21: Diogenes ait, Antipater negat, Cic. Off. 3, 23, 91: quasi ego id curem, quid ille aiat aut neget, id. Fin. 2, 22, 70: quia nunc aiunt, quod tunc negabant, id. Rab. Post. 12, 35.
    With acc. and inf., to say or affirm that not, to deny that, etc.: Demosthenes negat, in eo positas esse fortunas Graeciae, hoc, etc., Cic. Or. 8 fin.: Stoici negant quidquam esse bonum, nisi quod honestum sit, id. Fin. 2, 21, 68; id. de Or. 3, 14, 54: nego, ullam picturam fuisse, quin abstulerit, id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 31.
    With quoniam (eccl. Lat.): negat quoniam Jesus est Christus, Vulg. 1 Joann. 2, 22.
    Sometimes two propositions depend upon nego, with the latter of which an affirmative verb (dico, etc.) is to be supplied: plerique negant Caesarem in condicione mansurum: postulataque haec ab eo interposita esse, etc., Cic. Att. 7, 15, 3: negabat cessandum et utique prius confligendum, Liv. 35, 1: ille negat se Numidam pertimescere, virtuti suorum credere, Sall. J. 106, 3; Vell. 2, 118, 5; Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 6.
    Sometimes another negation follows, which, however, does not destroy the first: negat nec suspicari, Cic. Ac. 1, 2, 7: negato esse nec mu, nec mutuum, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 101: tu autem te negas infracto remo, neque columbae collo, commoveri, Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 79.
          1. (β) Pass. with inf., they say I am not, etc.: casta negor (sc. esse), Ov. F. 4, 321: saepe domi non es, cum sis quoque saepe negaris, Mart. 2, 5, 5: ex eo negantur ibi ranae coaxare, Suet. Aug. 94: ciconiae pullum qui ederit, negatur annis continuis lippiturus, Plin. 29, 6, 38, § 128.
  2. II. In partic.
    1. A. To deny a thing; factum est: non nego, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 12; opp. fateri, Cic. Brut. 19, 76: sed posthac omnia, quae certa non erunt, pro certo negato, id. Att. 5, 21, 5: negaturum aut me pro M. Fulvio, aut ipsum M. Fulvium censetis? Liv. 38, 43: negando minuendove, Suet. Caes. 66: mitto enim domestica, quae negari possunt, i. e. the proof of which can be suppressed, Cic. Pis. 5, 11: videant servi ne quis neget, Juv. 10, 87.
      With quin: negare non posse, quin rectius sit, etc., Liv. 40, 36: quod si negari non potest, quin, etc., Lact. 5, 23 init.
    2. B. To deny, refuse: quicquam quisquam cuiquam, quod ei conveniat, neget, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 4, 12, 18 (Trag. v. 448 Vahl.): numquam reo cuiquam tam praecise negavi, quam hic mihi, Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2: postquam id obstinate sibi negari videt, Caes. B. G. 5, 6: alicui impune negare, Ov. M. 13, 741: patriae opem, id. H. 3, 96: miseris, id. Tr. 5, 8, 13: civitatem alicui, Suet. Aug. 40: non ego me vinclis verberibusque nego, Tib. 2, 3, 80; Luc. 8, 3: exstingui primordia tanta negabam, Sil. 9, 532: neque enim negare tibi quidquam potest, Vulg. 3 Reg. 2, 17.
        1. b. Se, to refuse (ante class.): obsecrat, Ut sibi ejus faciat copiam: illa enim se negat, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 63; id. Hec. 1, 2, 45.
    3. C. E s p., to decline an invitation: invitatus ad haec aliquis de ponte negabit, Juv. 14, 135.
      1. 2. Transf., of inanim. things (poet.): poma negat regio, i. e. does not yield, produce, Ov. Tr. 3, 10, 73: nec mihi materiam bellatrix Roma negabat, id. ib. 2, 321: pars ventis vela negare, i. e. to furl the sails, Ov. M. 11, 487: si dextra neget, Stat. Th. 6, 553: saxa negantia ferro, opposing, id. Silv. 3, 1: illi membra negant, his limbs fail him, id. Th. 2, 668.
    4. D. To deny any knowledge of, to reject (with acc. of persons; eccl. Lat.): negaverunt Dominum, Vulg. Jer. 5, 12: qui me negaverit, ib. Matt. 10, 33: Christum negantes, ib. Judae, 4.

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