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vīcānus (post-class. collat. form vī-cānĕus, Cod. Just. 11, 56), a, um, adj. [vicus], of or dwelling in a village.

  1. I. Adj.: Tmolites ille vicanus, villager, Cic. Fl. 3, 8: haruspices, who go about from village to village, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132.
  2. II. Subst.: vīcāni, ōrum, m., villagers, peasants, rustics, Liv. 38, 30, 8; Cod. Just. 11, 56.

Vĭca Pŏta, ae, f. [vinco- potior], Victress-and-possessor, an appellation of the Goddess of Victory, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; Liv. 2, 7, 12: Diespiter, Vicae Potae filius, Sen. Lud. Most. Claud. 9, 4; Arn. 3, 25.

vĭcārĭa, ae, v. vicarius, II. B.

vĭcārĭānus, a, um, adj. [vicarius], of or belonging to a deputy or vicar, vicarial: apparitores, Cod. Just. 1, 35, 1: apex, the rank of a vicar, Sid. Ep. 1, 3.

vĭcārĭus, a, um, adj. [vicis], that supplies the place of a person or thing, substituted, delegated, vicarious.

  1. I. Adj.: vicaria fides amicorum supponitur, Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 111: manus, Quint. Decl. 6, 21: corpus, id. ib. 16, 7: mors, Hyg. Fab. 243; Quint. Decl. 9 fin.
  2. II. Substt.
    1. A. vĭcārĭus, ii, m., a substitute, deputy, proxy, a locum tenens, vicegerent, vicar: succedam ego vicarius tuo muneri, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 37, § 81; 2, 3, 38, § 86; id. Mur. 37, 80; id. Sull. 9, 26; id. Fam. 16, 22, 2; Liv. 29, 1, 8; Hor. C. 3, 24, 16; Dig. 26, 7, 39, § 16: diligentiae meae, Col. 11, 1, 5.
      Esp., an adjutant or lieutenant to a military commander, Cod. Just. 12, 51, 9: tribuni, a vice-tribune, Treb. Pol. Trig. Tyr. 10, 4.
      An under-servant, underslave kept by another slave, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 28; Hor. S. 2, 7, 79; Mart. 2, 18, 7; Dig. 9, 4, 19; 15, 1, 17; Inscr. Marin. Fratr. Arv. 687; cf. of the vicarii of such vicarii, ib. 775.
    2. B. vĭcārĭa, ae, f.
      1. 1. A female under-slave of another slave, Inscr. Fabr. 304, n. 297; Inscr. Murat. 972, 11.
      2. 2. The post of deputy of the praefectus praetorio, Cod. Th. 6, 26, 4.
      3. 3. A substitute: se pro conjuge vicariam dare, Sen. ad Helv. 19, 5.

vīcātim, adv. [vicus].

  1. I. From street to street, through the streets, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 188, 26; Suet. Caes. 41 med.; Tac. H. 2, 95; Hor. Epod. 5, 97.
  2. II. From village to village, through the villages, in hamlets: habitare, Liv. 9, 13, 7: dispersa, Plin. 6, 26, 30, § 117.

vĭce and vĭcem, v. vicis.

* vīcēnālis, e, adj. [viceni], containing the number twenty: sphaera, having twenty angles, App. Dogm. Plat. 1, p. 5, 14 (just before, vigintiangula).

vīcēnārĭus, a, um, adj. [viceni], of or belonging to the number twenty, vicenary.

  1. I. Adj.: annorum lex me perdit quina vicenaria: metuunt credere omnes, i. e. the law by which young people under five-and-twenty were incapable of making contracts, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 69 (Ritschl, quinavicenaria): fistula, twenty quarter-digits in diameter, Vitr. 8, 7; Front. Aquaed. 30; Pall. Aug. 12.
  2. II. Subst.: vīcēnārĭus, ii, m., a youth of twenty, Arn. 2, 58.

vīcēni (collat. form vīgēni, Col. 4, 30, 2), ae, a, num. distrib. adj. [viginti], twenty each, twenty distributively.

  1. I. Lit.: si duae res quae conferuntur, vicenas habent partes, Varr. L. L. 10, § 5 Müll.: annos nonnulli vicenos in disciplinā permanent, Caes. B. G. 6, 14: militibus denarios quinos vicenos diviserunt, Liv. 41, 7, 3; Col. 3, 3, 7; Plin. 7, 49, 50, § 163; 8, 51, 77, § 205.
    Gen. vicenūm, Plin. 6, 23, 26, § 98: vicenūm quinūm, Front. Aquaed. 29; 47; Col. 12, 18, 7.
  2. II. Transf., in gen., twenty: diebus vicenis interpositis, an interval of twenty days, Plin. 25, 8, 49, § 88; Mart. 4, 26, 3.

vīcennālis, e, adj. [vicennium], of twenty years, every twenty years (postclass.).

  1. I. Adj.: votis vicennalibus, Num. Alex. Sev. ap. Eckhel. D. N. V. 7, p. 275.
  2. II. Subst.: vīcennālĭa, ĭum, n., a festival on the twentieth anniversary of an emperor’s reign, Lact. Mort. Pers. 17.

vīcennĭum, ii, n. [vicies-annus], a period of twenty years: post decennii aut vicennii tempus, Dig. 50, 8, 8.

vĭcĕquaestor, ōris, m. [vicis-quaestor], = proquaestor (late Lat.), Ps.-Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 1, 38.

vĭcĕquaestūra, ae, f. [vicis-quaestura], = proquaestura (late Lat.), Ps.-Ascon. Arg. ad Cic. Verr. 2. 2, 3.

vĭces, v. vicis.

vīcēsĭma, ae, v. vicesimus, II.

vīcēsĭmāni, ōrum, m. [vicesimus], soldiers of the twentieth legion, Tac. A. 1, 51; 1, 64: vexillarii, id. ib. 14, 34.

vīcēsĭmārĭus, a, um, adj. [vicesimus], of or belonging to the twentieth part.

  1. I. Adj.: aurum, of the tax called vicesima (v. h. v.), Liv. 27, 10, 11.
  2. II. Subst.: vīcēsĭmā-rĭus, ii, m., a receiver of the vicesima, Petr. 65.

vīcēsĭmātĭo, ōnis, f. [vicesimus], a drawing by lot of every twentieth man for execution, vicesimation, Capitol. Macrin. 12.

vīcēsĭmus or vīcensĭmus (collat. form vīgēsĭmus, Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 21; Caes. B. C. 3, 34; Sall. C. 47, 2; Col. 5, 1, 10; Manil. 4, 462 al.; but not in Cic.), a, um, ord. num. adj. [viginti], the twentieth.

  1. I. Adj.: annus, Plaut. Capt. 5, 3, 3: intra annum vicesimum, Caes. B. G. 6, 21: annum jam tertium et vicesimum regnat, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 7: censores vicesimi sexti a primis censoribus, Liv. 10, 47, 2: litteras mihi Cornificius altero vicesimo die reddidit, Cic. Fam. 12, 25, 1: Acastus cum litteris praesto fuit uno et vicesimo die, id. ib. 14, 5: vicesimo die lunae, id. Fin. 2, 31, 101: vicesima luna sacrificant, Plin. 35, 2, 2, § 5: sexto et vicesimo anno, Nep. Lys. 1, 1: legio, Tac. A. 1, 51.
  2. II. Subst.: vīcēnsĭ-ma (-suma), ae, f. (i. e. pars), the twentieth part, as a tax; so the twentieth part or five per cent. of the crop, Liv. 43, 2, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.; of the value of a slave that was manumitted, Cic. Att. 2, 16, 1; Liv. 7, 16, 7; Petr. 58; 71.
    Called also VICESIMA LIBERTATIS, Inscr. Orell. 3131; 3338.
    As exportduty: portorii, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 75, § 185.
    As a tax on inheritances, Plin. Ep. 7, 14, 1; id. Pan. 37.

Vīcētĭa (Vīcentĭa), ae, f., a town in Gallia Transpadana, in the territory of Venetia, now Vicenza, Tac. H. 3, 8; Suet. Gram. 23; Inscr. Orell. 5152; Plin. 3, 19, 23, § 132.
Its inhabitants are called Vīcētīni or Vīcentīni, ōrum, m., Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 19, 2; Plin. Ep. 5, 4, 2; 5, 14, 4; Inscr. Orell. 3110: (VEICETINI), ib. 3219: VICENTIN, ib. 5972.

vĭcĭa, ae, f., a vetch, Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 5; Col. 2, 13, 1; 2, 10, 29; Pall. 1, 6, 14; Cato, R. R. 35; Plin. 18, 15, 37, § 137; Verg. G. 1, 75; Ov. F. 5, 267.

* vĭcĭālĭa, ĭum, n. [vicia], the stalks or haulm of vetches, Col. 6, 30, 5 Schneid. N. cr.

* vĭcĭārĭus, a, um, adj. [vicia], of or belonging to vetches: cribrum, Col. 8, 5, 16.

vīcĭens or vīcĭes, num. adv. [viginti], twenty times: viciens centena milia passuum, Caes. B. G. 5, 13 fin.: viciens tantum, Plin. 14, 4, 6, § 53: superficiem aedium aestimarunt HS. viciens, i. e. two millions, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5: HS. bis et viciens, id. ib. 11, 1, 2: non plenum modo viciens habebas, Mart. 1, 100, 1.

* Vĭcĭlīnus, i, m. [vigil], the Watchful, the Vigilant, an epithet of Jupiter, Liv. 24, 44, 8.

vīcīnālis, e, adj. [vicinus], neighboring, near: usus, Liv. 21, 26, 8: bella, Just. 41, 1, 3: via, a road over the fields used in common, a village-path, Dig. 43, 8, 2; 43, 7, 3; Front. Aquaed. 126; Sen. Ben. 5, 24, 9.

vīcīnārĭus, a, um, adj. [vicinus], neighboring, near (post-class.): via, a by-way in a camp, Hyg. Grom. p. 5, 2; 12, 2.

vīcīnē, adv., v. vicinus fin.

vīcīnĭa, ae, f. [vicinus], neighborhood, nearness, vicinage, vicinity.

  1. I. Lit. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; but cf. vicinitas): proximae viciniae habitat, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 27: hic proximae viciniae, id. Mil. 2, 3, 2: mulier quaedam commigravit huc viciniae, Ter. And. 1, 1, 43: hic viciniae, id. Phorm. 1, 2, 45: inde in viciniā nostra Averni lacus, * Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37: in viciniā urbis, Col. 7, 3, 13: pharetratae vicinia Persidis, Verg. G. 4, 290: mons elatus super nubila atque in viciniam lunaris circuli, Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 7: mortis, proximity, Petr. 93: mortem in viciniā videre, Sen. ap. Lact. 6, 17 fin.
    1. B. Transf., concr., neighborhood, i. q. neighbors (freq. but not ante-Aug.; cf. vicinitas): libertina, non ignota viciniae, Liv. 39, 12, 1: funus Egregie factum laudet vicinia, Hor. S. 2, 5, 106; id. Ep. 1, 16, 44; 1, 17, 62; Ov. M. 2, 688; 4, 636; 8, 689; Pers. 4, 46; Vell. 1, 4; Vall. Max. 5, 7, 3; Suet. Calig. 55; App. M. 7, p. 190, 35; Juv. 14, 154.
      With a plur. noun, Ov. F. 2, 657; 3, 189.
  2. II. Trop., near likeness, resemblance, similarity, affinity (post-Aug.; a favorite trope of Quint.): aqua ad viciniam lactis accedens, Plin. 31, 3, 22, § 37; 37, 9, 40, § 123 (al. ad vicina): est tamen quamquam diversarum rerum quaedam vicinia, Quint. 8, 4, 12: quaedam vicinia virtutum vitiorumque, id. 2, 12, 4: est huic tropo quaedam cum synecdoche vicinia, id. 8, 6, 28; cf. id. 3, 8, 9; 9, 3, 65 sq.

vīcīnĭtas, ātis, f. [vicinus], neighborhood, nearness, proximity, vicinity (class.).

  1. I. Lit.: vel virtus tua me vel vicinitas Facit, ut te audacter moneam, etc., Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 4: propter vicinitatem totos dies simul eramus, Cic. Att. 5, 10, 5: scire hoc propter vicinitatem facile possum, id. Planc. 8, 19; cf.: quorum et vicinitas propinqua et multitudo esset infinita, Hirt. B. G. 8, 7.
    Plur.: amicitiae, consuetudines, vicinitates, clientelae, ludi denique … quid haberent voluptatis, etc., Cic. Red. Quir. 1, 3; cf. B. 2. infra.
    1. B. Transf., concr.
      1. 1. The neighborhood, vicinity, region: in Umbriā atque in eā vicinitate, Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 48.
      2. 2. Neighborhood, i. q. neighbors (class.): si te libenter vicinitas videbit, Cato, R. R. 4: signum, quod erat notum vicinitati, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 44, § 96; id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8: caritas serpit foras cognationibus primum, tum affinitatibus, deinde amicitiis, post vicinitatibus, id. Fin. 5, 23, 65; id. Planc. 9, 22; id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15; Caes. B. G. 6, 34; Nep. Alcib. 10, 3; Sall. C. 36, 1; Suet. Aug. 6; Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 41.
        Cf. plur.: conveniet autem cum in dando munificum esse, tum in exigendo non acerbum, in omnique re contrahendā … vicinitatibus et confiniis aequum, Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64.
  2. II. Trop., near likeness, resemblance, similarity, congeniality, affinity: est quaedam inter epichirema et syllogismum vicinitas, Quint. 5, 10, 6: virtutibus ac vitiis, id. 3, 7, 25: excusantur vitia vicinitate vitiorum, id. 1, 5, 5: nominis (cyperi et cypiri), Plin. 21, 18, 69, § 115.

* vīcīnĭtus, adv. [vicinus], in the neighborhood, close by: omnes intra centum vicinitus arceantur, Cod. Th. 15, 1, 4.

vīcīnor, ātus, 1, v. dep. [vicinus], to be neighboring, near (late Lat.), Sid. Ep. 2, 11; 6, 9; 7, 2: vicinantia capiti loca, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 6, 27; 2, 16, 97; 2, 34, 181: plaustrum, Mart. Cap 6, § 608.

vīcīnus, a, um, adj. [vicus], near, neighboring, in the neighborhood or vicinity.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. Adj. (mostly poet.; cf.: contiguus, finitimus): taberna, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 24: silva, id. C. 3, 29, 39: oppidum, id. Epod. 5, 44: urbes, id. A. P. 66; Verg. G. 1, 510: sedes astris, id. A. 5, 759: caelo Olympum, Tib. 4, 1, 131: heu quam vicina est ultima terra mihi! Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 52: bellum, Liv. 1, 14, 6.
      Poet.: jurgia, i.e. of neighbors, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 171.
      With gen.: ora vicina perusti aetheris, Luc. 9, 432.
      Comp.: ni convexa foret (terra), parti vicinior esset, Ov. F. 6, 275.
    2. B. Substt.
      1. 1. vīcīnus, i, m., a neighbor (the predom. signif. of the word): Eutychus Tuus … vicinus proximus, Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 7; so, proximus, Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 21; Dig. 50, 15, 4: ceteri finitimi ac vicini, Cic. Sull. 20, 58: vel tribules vel vicinos meos, id. Rosc. Am. 16, 47: si te interioribus vicinis tuis anteponis, id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7: bonus sane vicinus, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 132: vicine Palaemon, Verg. E. 3, 53.
        1. b. Transf., of time, a contemporary: Tertullianus vicinus eorum temporum, Hier. Script. Eccl. Luc.
      2. 2. vīcīna, ae, f., a neighbor: ego huc transeo in proximum ad meam vicinam, Plaut. Cas. 2, 1, 2; 3, 3, 16; Ter. And. 1, 1, 78; id. Hec. 4, 4, 98; Quint. 5, 11, 28; Hor. C. 3, 19, 24.
        With gen.: Fides in Capitolio vicina Jovis, Cic. Off. 3, 29, 104: anus vicina loci, Ov. F. 6, 399.
      3. 3. vīcīnum, i, n., a neighboring place, the neighborhood, vicinity (mostly post-Aug.): stellae in vicino terrae, Plin. 2, 16, 13, § 68; so, in vicino, id. 6, 26, 30, § 122; Cels. 2, 6 fin.; Sen. Brev. Vit. 15, 3: ex (e) vicino, Col. 7, 2, 4; Plin. 23, 8, 75, § 145.
        Plur.: amnis rigans vicina, Plin. 6, 18, 22, § 65; Ov. M. 1, 573.
        With gen.: in Syriae vicina pervenire, Plin. 16, 32, 59, § 135.
  2. II. Trop., nearly resembling in quality or nature, like, similar, kindred, allied (class.): dialecticorum scientia vicina et finitima eloquentiae, Cic. Or. 32, 113: vicina praedictae, sed amplior virtus, Quint. 8, 3, 83: in his rebus, quibus nomina sua sunt, vicinis potius uti, id. 8, 6, 35: vicina virtutibus vitia, id. 8, 3, 7: quod est ὑποπτώσει vicinum, id. 9, 2, 58: odor croco vicinus est, Plin. 21, 9, 29, § 53; cf. id. 21, 18, 69, § 115: cui vicinum est, non negare quod obicitur, Quint. 6, 3, 81.
    Comp.: ferrum molle plumboque vicinius, Plin. 34, 14, 41, § 143.
        1. b. Absol.: non ex eodem sed ex diverso vicinum accipitur, Quint. 9, 3, 68: multum ab amethysto distat hyacinthos, tamen e vicino descendens, Plin. 37, 9, 41, § 125 (al. ab vicino tamen colore descendens).
          Hence, adv.: vīcīnē, in the neighborhood, near by (late Lat.): (fluvius) quantum crescit aquis, pisces vicinius offert, nearer by, Ven. Carm. 3, 12, 11: vicinissime frui, Aug. Doctr. Chr. 1, 33 fin.

vĭcis (as a gen.; the nom. does not occur), vicem, vice; in plur., vices (nom. and acc.) and vicibus (dat. and abl.), f. [cf. Gr. εἴκω, to yield; root ϝικ-; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 135], change, interchange, alternation, alternate or reciprocal succession, vicissitude (the gen. not ante-Aug.; the other cases class.).

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. In gen. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; for which, in class. prose, vicissitudo).
          1. (α) Sing.: ignotus juvenum coetus alternā vice Inibat alacris, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 214 P. (Trag. v. 151 Vahl.): hac vice sermonum, conversation, Verg. A. 6, 535: vice sermonis, Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 79; cf. in the foll. β: deus haec fortasse benigna Reducet in sedem vice, Hor. Epod. 13, 8: solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni, id. C. 1, 4, 1: commoti Patres vice fortunarum humanarum, Liv. 7, 31, 6: dum Nox vicem peragit, performs the exchange, i. e. alternales with day, Ov. M. 4, 218: ridica contingens vitem mutuā vice sustinetur et sustinet, Col. 4, 16: versā vice, reversely, Dig. 43, 29, 3; App. Dogm. Plat. p. 32, 6; id. Flor. p. 363; Just. 6, 5, 11 al.
          2. (β) Plur.: plerumque gratae divitibus vices Mundaeque parvo sub Lare pauperum Cenae, Hor. C. 3, 29, 13: et interrogandi se ipsum et respondendi sibi solent esse non ingratae vices, Quint. 9, 2, 14: loquendi, id. 6, 4, 11; Ov. P. 2, 10, 35: ipsius lectionis taedium vicibus levatur, Quint. 1, 12, 4: habet has vices condicio mortalium, ut adversa ex secundis, ex adversis secunda nascantur, Plin. Pan. 5 fin.: spatium diei noctis excipiunt vices, Phaedr. 2, 8, 10: haec quoque non perstant … Quasque vices peragant … docebo, what vicissitudes they undergo, Ov. M. 15, 238: mutat terra vices, renews her changes, Hor. C. 4, 7, 3: perque vicis modo Persephone! modo Filia! clamat, alternately, Ov. F. 4, 483; so, per vicis, id. M. 4, 40; Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23: per vices annorum, i. e. every other year, id. 12, 14, 30, § 54: cur vicibus factis convivia ineant, alternately, by turns, Ov. F. 4, 353.
      1. 2. Adverb.: in vicem (also freq. one word, invĭcem; and less freq. vicem, in vices, or per vices), by turns, alternately, one after the other, mutually, reciprocally.
        1. a. In vicem: bibenda aqua: postero die etiam vinum: deinde in vicem alternis diebus modo aqua modo vinum, Cels. 3, 2 med.: reliqui, qui domi manserunt, se atque alios alunt: hi rursus in vicem anno post in armis sunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 1: propter vicinitatem simul eramus invicem, Cic. Att. 5, 10, 5; Quint. 11, 3, 168: multis invicem casibus victi victoresque, Liv. 2, 44, 12: non comisantium in vicem more jam diu vivimus inter nos, id. 40, 9, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.: in vicem inter se gratantes, id. 9, 43, 17: inque vicem tua me, te mea forma capit, Ov. H. 17, 180; id. M. 6, 631; 8, 473; Verg. G. 3, 188; Hor. S. 1, 3, 141 al.
        2. b. Vicem: ut unus fasces haberet, et hoc insigne regium suam cujusque vicem, per omnes iret, Liv. 3, 36, 3; cf. id. 1, 9, 15.
        3. c. In vices (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): inque vices illum tectos qui laesit amores, Laedit amore pari, Ov. M. 4, 191; 12, 161; Tac. G. 26 Halm.
        4. d. Per vices (post-Aug. and very rare): quod ipsum imperari per vices optimum est, Quint. 2, 4, 6 Halm.
    2. B. In partic.
      1. 1. A time, turn (late Lat.; cf. Orell. ad Hor. C. 4, 14, 13): ager tertiā vice arabitur, Pall. 10, 1: tribus per diem vicibus, id. 1, 3 fin.; cf.: tesserulas in medium vice suā quisque jaciebamus, Gell. 18, 13, 1: vice quādam, once, Sid. Ep. 7, 1; Aus. Pan. Grat. Aug. 4.
      2. 2. Reciprocal behavior or conduct, i. e. return, requital, reciprocal service, recompense, remuneration, retaliation (rare but class.): recito praedicationem amplissimi beneficii, vicem officii praesentis, Cic. Sest. 4, 10: tanto proclivius est injuriae quam beneficio vicem exsolvere, Tac. H. 4, 3; Prop. 1, 13, 10: redde vicem meritis, Ov. Am. 1, 6, 23: non poteris ipsa referre vicem, id. A. A. 1, 370; cf.: dejecit acer plus vice simplici (i. e. non tantam solum cladem illis intulit quantam ipsi dederant, sed duplum, Schol.), Hor. C. 4, 14, 13 Orell. ad loc.
        Plur.: spernentem sperne, sequenti Redde vices, Ov. M. 14, 36: neque est ullus affectus … qui magis vices exigat, Plin. Pan. 85, 3.
      3. 3. The changes of fate, fate, hap, lot, condition, fortune, misfortune: mihi uni necesse erit et meam et aliorum vicem pertimescere? Cic. Dom. 4, 8: indignando et ipse vicem ejus, Liv. 40, 23, 1: tacite gementes tristem fortunae vicem, Phaedr. 5, 1, 6; cf.: vicem suam conquestus est, Suet. Aug. 66: convertere humanam vicem, Hor. Epod. 5, 88: publicā vice commoveri, Quint. 11, 1, 42; cf. id. 4, 1, 33.
        Plur.: fors et Debita jura vicesque superbae Te maneant ipsum, Hor. C. 1, 28, 32: testor in occasu vestro nec tela nec ullas Vitavisse vices Danaūm, dangers, contests, Verg. A. 2, 433.
  2. II. Transf., the position, place, room, stead, post, office, duty of one person or thing as assumed by another (the usual signif. of the word): heredum causa justissima est: nulla est enim persona, quae ad vicem ejus, qui e vitā emigrarit, propius accedat, Cic. Leg. 2, 19, 48: ego succedens in vicem imperii tui, Liv. 38, 48, 7: ipse in locum vicemque consulis provolat, id. 3, 18, 9: postquam (Juppiter) te dedit, qui erga omne humanum genus vice suā fungereris, stand in the place of, represent, Plin. Pan. 80, 6: fungar vice cotis, Hor. A. P. 304: per speciem alienae fungendae vicis opes suas firmavit, Liv. 1, 41, 6: ne sacra regiae vicis desererentur, id. 1, 20, 2: vestramque meamque vicem explete, Tac. A. 4, 8 fin.: cujus … ego vicem debeo inplere, Plin. Ep. 6, 6, 6: (Manus) adverbiorum atque pronominum obtinent vicem, Quint. 11, 3, 87: in ordine vicis suae, Vulg. Luc. 1, 8.
    Plur.: non ad suum pertinere officium rati, quando divisae professionum vices essent, Quint. Inst. prooem. § 4.
      1. 2. Adverb.
        1. a. Vicem, with the gen. or a pers. pron., in the place of, instead of, on account of, for, for the sake of: eri vicem meamque, Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 11: qui hodie sese excruciari meam vicem possit pati, id. Most. 2, 1, 8; cf. id. ib. 5, 2, 24: vos respondetote istinc istarum vicem, id. Rud. 3, 5, 34: tuam vicem saepe doleo, Cic. Fam. 12, 23, 3: suam vicem indignantem magistratu abisse, Liv. 2, 31, 11: remittimus hoc tibi, ne nostram vicem irascaris. id. 34, 32, 6: sollicito consuli … eorum vicem quos, etc., id. 44, 3, 5: rex, vicem eorum quos ad tam manifestum periculum miserat, Curt. 7, 11, 20: maestus non suam vicem, sed propter, etc., id. 7, 2, 5: cum Pompeius aedem Victoriae dedicaturus foret, cujus gradus vicem theatri essent, Tiro Tull. ap. Gell. 10, 1, 7: quoniam res familiaris obsidis vicem esse apud rempublicam videbatur, Gell. 16, 10, 11.
          1. (β) Sometimes in a more general sense, after the manner of, like: Sardanapali vicem in suo lectulo mori, Cic. Att. 10, 8, 7: ceteri vicem pecorum obtruncabantur, Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 497, 26; cf. the foll.
        2. b. Vice, instead of, for, on account of: in pane salis vice utuntur nitro, Plin. 31, 10, 46, § 115: temonis vice trahitur, Col. 6, 2, 7: murum urbi cocto latere circumdedit, harenae vice bitumine interstrato, Just. 1, 2, 7: exanimes vice unius, Liv. 1, 25, 6: senatus vice populi, Just. Inst. 1, 2, 5.
          1. (β) In a more general sense (cf. the preced. numbers), after the manner of, like: jactari se passa fluctu algae vice, Plin. 9, 45, 68, § 147: moveri periclitantium vice possumus, Quint. 6, 2, 35: diebus ac noctibus vice mundi circumagi, Suet. Ner. 31: quaeque dixerat, oracli vice accipiens, Tac. A. 6, 21 fin.: ut deorum vice mortuos honorarent, like gods, Lact. 4, 28 fin.: vice navium, App. de Deo Socr. p. 47, 22: vice pecudum occidi, Lact. 5, 10, 6: vice imbellium proculcati, Dict. Cret. 3, 24.
        3. c. In vicem, instead of, for, in place of: potest malleolus protinus in vicem viviradicis conseri, Col. 3, 14, 3: defatigatis in vicem integri succedunt, Caes. B. G. 7, 85: in omnium vicem regni unius insatiabilis amor Successit, Liv. 40, 8, 18: missis in vicem eorum quinque milibus sociorum, id. 31, 11, 3; Col. 5, 6, 1; so dat. vici, Quint. Decl. 6, 4.
        4. d. Ad vicem, instead of, for: ad tegularum et imbricum vicem, Plin. 36, 22, 44, § 159: ad vicem solis cinis calidus subjectus, Pall. 4, 10 fin.; 3, 28; very rarely, ad invicem, Veg. Vet. 2, 7 fin.
          1. (β) In a more general sense (cf. in the preced. numbers a. and b.), after the manner of, like: majores natu a majoribus colebantur ad deum prope ad parentum vicem, Gell. 2, 15, 1.

vĭcissātim, adv. [vicis], in return, again (ante-class. for the class. vicissim): ad argumentum vicissatim remigrare, Plaut. Poen. prol. 46; id. Stich. 4, 1, 27; Naev. ap. Non. p. 183, 15.

vĭcissim, adv. [vicis], on the other hand, on the contrary, again, in turn (freq. and class.; cf. in vicem): nunc mihi vicissim supplicabunt, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 92: da te mihi vicissim, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 10: terra uno tempore florere, deinde vicissim horrere potest, Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19; cf. id. Sen. 16, 57: exspecto, quid ille tecum, quid tu vicissim, id. Att. 16, 3, 3: audire aliquem, id. N. D. 2, 1, 3: praebebo ego me tibi vicissim attentum contra Stoicos auditorem, id. ib. 3, 1, 2: hanc veniam petimusque damusque vicissim, Hor. A. P. 11: considera nunc vicissim tuum, Cic. Fam. 3, 6, 3: versique vicissim Rutuli, etc., Verg. A. 12, 462: age, fare vicissim, id. ib. 6, 531.

* vĭcissĭtas, ātis, f. [vicis], change, alternation, = vicissitudo: vicissitatemque imperandi tradidit, Att. ap. Non. p. 185, 18 (Trag. Rel. p. 181 Rib.).

vĭcissĭtūdo, ĭnis, f. [vicis, I.], change, interchange, alternation, vicissitude (class.; used alike in sing. and plur.): omnium rerum vicissitudo est, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 44: ex alio in aliud vicissitudo atque mutatio, Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69: in sermone communi, id. Off. 1, 37, 134: nihil vicissitudine studiorum officiorumque jucundius, id. Lael. 14, 49: eorum (generum), reciprocal influence, id. N. D. 2, 33, 84.
Plur.: dierum noctiumque, Cic. Leg. 2, 7, 16: diurnae nocturnaeque, id. Inv. 1, 34, 59: fortunae (with temporum varietates), id. Fam. 5, 12, 4: alternae digitorum vicissitudines, the interlocking of the fingers, App. M. 3 praef.

Victa, ae, f. [2. victus], the goddess that presides over food, Arn. 3, 115.

victĭma, ae, f. [perh. root vig- of vigeo; with superl. ending; cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 509 sq.], a beast for sacrifice adorned with the fillet (vitta), a sacrifice, victim (cf. hostia).

  1. I. Lit., Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 93; Hor. C. 3, 23, 12; Verg. G. 2, 147; Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1; Caes. B. G. 6, 16; Liv. 45, 7, 1; Ov. M. 7, 162; id. F. 1, 335; Juv. 12, 113; Luc. 1, 611; Sen. Herc. Fur. 923 al.
  2. II. Trop., a victim: quam potestis P. Lentulo mactare victimam gratiorem quam si L. Flacci sanguine illius nefarium in nos omnes odium saturaveritis? Cic. Fl. 38, 95: se victimam rei publicae praebere, id. Fin. 2, 19, 61: victima deceptus decipientis ero, Ov. Am. 3, 3, 22: me nuptiali victimam feriat die, Sen. Herc. Oet. 348.

victĭmārĭus, a, um, adj. [victima], of or belonging to victims.

  1. I. Adj.: negotiator, a dealer in beasts for sacrifice, Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 54 (al. suarius).
  2. II. Subst.: victĭmārĭus, ii, m.
    1. A. An assistant at sacrifices, Liv. 40, 29, 14; Val. Max. 1, 1, 12; Inscr. Orell. 2453 sq.; 3644.
    2. B. A dealer in beasts for sacrifice, Val. Max. 9, 14, 3.

victĭmo, āre, v. a. [victima], to offer in sacrifice, to sacrifice (post-class.): hircum Marti, App. M. 7, p. 192, 30: hostiam, id. ib. 7, p. 197, 31: filium, Vulg. Ecclus. 34, 24.

victĭto, āre, v. freq. a. [vivo], to live, feed, support one’s self, subsist on any thing (ante-class.): ficis victitamus aridis, Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 59; so, sinapi, id. Truc. 2, 2, 60: suco suo, id. Capt. 1, 1, 12: parce, id. Truc. 2, 3, 26: bene libenter, to live freely, live high, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 44.

1. victor, ōris, m. [vinco].

  1. I. In gen., a conqueror, vanquisher, victor.
    1. A. Prop.
      1. 1. Absol.: quod (sc. stipendium) victores victis imponere consuērint, Caes. B. G. 1, 44: multa victori, eorum arbitrio, per quos vicit, etiam invito facienda sunt, Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 3.
      2. 2. With gen.: omnium gentium victor, Cic. Pis. 7, 16: ille exercitus tot divitissimarum gentium victor, Curt. 10, 2, 11: Atheniensium, id. 3, 10, 4; 3, 10, 7; 6, 6, 4; 7, 10, 6.
        Esp., with belli or bellorum: ut meus victor vir belli clueat, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 15: cujus belli (i. e. cum Antiocho) victor L. Scipio laudem adsumpsit, etc., Cic. Mur. 14, 31: victores bellorum civilium vincere, id. Marcell. 4, 12; Tac. A. 1, 19: Camillus trium simul bellorum victor, Liv. 6, 4, 1: Paulum tanti belli victorem, id. 45, 36, 7; Vell. 2, 55, 2; Stat. Th. 9, 625: Macedones, tot bellorum in Europā victores, Curt. 3, 10, 4; Tac. H. 2, 28; 4, 58; cf.: omnis generis certaminum (Hercules), Vell. 1, 8, 2: pancratii, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 79.
      3. 3. With abl.: cum civili bello victor iratus respondit, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 56: bello civili victores victosque numquam coalescere, Tac. H. 2, 7 Halm (Ritter, belli civilis).
    2. B. Fig. (rare; not in Cic.): animus libidinis et divitiarum victor, master of, Sall. J. 63, 2: victor propositi, successful in, Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 11.
  2. II. Esp.
    1. A. Victor, the Conquering, the Victorious, an epithet of Jupiter, Inscr. Grut. 23, 8 sq.
      Of Hercules, Macr. S. 8, 6.
    2. B. In appos., = vincens, superior.
      1. 1. Prop., victorious, conquering (cf. Zumpt, § 102, n. 2; Madv. § 60, obs. 2).
        1. a. Of living beings: tantum exercitum victorem, Caes. B. G. 7, 20 fin.: pejus victoribus Sequanis, quam Aeduis victis accidisse, id. ib. 1, 31: galli (aves) victi silere solent, canere victores, Cic. Div. 2, 26, 56: victores Graii, Ov. M. 13, 414: equus, Verg. G. 3, 499: taurus, Luc. 2, 605; cf. Verg. A. 2, 329; 10, 409; 11, 565; Ov. M. 2, 437.
          Esp., with discedo, abeo, redeo, revertor, etc. (= the more freq. superior discedo, etc.): victores victis hostibus legiones reveniunt domum, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 33: meminerant ad Alesiam magnam se inopiam perpessos … maximarum gentium victores discessisse, Caes. B. C. 3, 47: ita certe inde abiere Romani ut victores, Etrusci pro victis, Liv. 2, 7, 3; 34, 19, 2: nisi victores se redituros ex hac pugnā jurant, id. 2, 45, 13: victores reverterunt, id. 7, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 1; 29; Val. Max. 1, 8, 5; 8, 7, 1.
        2. b. With abl.: victor virtute fuisset, Sall. J. 55, 1.
      2. 2. Of things: abstulit has (sc. naves) … Aestus, et obnixum victor detrusit in Austrum, Luc. 9, 334.
    3. B. Meton., of or belonging to a conqueror, triumphal: in curru, Caesar, victore veheris, Ov. Tr. 4, 2, 47.

2. Victor, ōris, m.: S. Aurelius, a Roman historian of the fourth century A.D., Amm. 21, 10, 6.

victōrĭa, ae, f. [victor].

  1. I. Prop., victory.
    1. A. In war.
      1. 1. Absol.: cernere de victoriā, Enn. ap. Non. p. 511, 9 (Trag. Rel. v. 206 Vahl.): insignia victoriae, non victoriam reportare, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 8; cf.: exercitus plus victoriae quam praedae deportavit, prestige, Curt. 10, 2, 11: reverti cum victoriā, Just. 2, 5, 2: concurritur: horae Momento cita mors venit aut victoria laeta, Hor. S. 1, 1, 8.
        Plur.: illum diem omnes labores et victorias confirmaturum, Sall. J. 49, 3.
      2. 2. With gen.: utrl magni victoria sit dati regni, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 108 (Ann. v. 91 Vahl.): extremum malorum omnium esse civilis belli victoriam, Cic. Fam. 9, 6, 3: clementiam in victoriā belli civilis admirabilem exhibuit, Suet. Caes. 75 init.
        Plur.:         haec bella gravissima victoriaeque eorum bellorum clarissimae, Cic. Mur. 14, 31.
      3. 3. With de and abl.: cum Canulejus victoriā de patribus … ingens esset, Liv. 4, 6, 5: Africanus ob egregiam victoriam de Hannibale Poenisque appellatus, id. 21, 46, 8; 25, 39, 17: de Vejentibus, id. 5, 15, 1: quantaecumque, de Romanis tamen, victoriae partae fama, id. 27, 31, 3: Philippi de Atheniensibus victoriam praeferebat, Curt. 8, 1, 33; Just. 31, 3, 9.
      4. 4. With ab and abl.: ut ab illo insignia victoriae, non victoriam reportarent, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 3, 8.
      5. 5. With ex and abl.: gens una populi Romani saepe ex opulentissimā Etruscā civitate victoriam tulit, Liv. 2, 50, 2: ex Campanis victoriam pepererunt, id. 7, 34, 13: Domitii ex Arvernis victoria fuit nobilis, Vell. 2, 10, 2.
    2. B. In law contests, etc.
      1. 1. In gen.: victoria penes patres fuit, Liv. 4, 50: ex collegā victoriam quaerere, id. 2, 44; cf. Ov. F. 2, 811; id. A. A. 2, 539.
      2. 2. With gen.: litium, Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 54.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Personified: Victoria, as a Roman goddess, Victory: Neptunus, Virtus, Victoria, Plaut. Am. prol. 42; cf. Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 61; id. Div. 1, 43, 98; Ov. M. 8, 13; Inscr. Orell. 387; 1803; 1838; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 62 Müll.
    2. B. A battle-cry, shout of victory: suo more victoriam conclamant, Caes. B. G. 5, 37.
    3. C. A statue of Victory; in a lusus verbb.: nam qui Victorias aureas in usum belli conflari volebat, ita declinavit, victoriis utendum esse, Quint. 9, 2, 92.

victōrĭālis, e, adj. [victoria], of or belonging to victory (late Lat.).

  1. I. Adj.: dies, day of victory, i. e. when victories are celebrated, Treb. Gall. 3: scipio, Cassiod. Var. 6, 1.
  2. II. Subst.: victōrĭālis, is, f., a plant, called also Idaea Daphne, App. Herb. 58; Isid. 10, 210.

1. victōrĭātus, i, m. (i. e. nummus) [Victoria].

  1. I. A silver coin stamped with the image of Victory, = quinarius; in Varro’s time worth half a denarius, Varr. L. L. 10, § 41 Vahl.; Cato, R. R. 15, 2; Cic. Font. 5, 9; Liv. 41, 13, 7; Quint. 6, 3, 80.
  2. II. As an apothecaries’ weight, Marc. Emp. 15; Scrib. Comp. 28, 26.

2. victōrĭātus, a, um, Part. [victoria], gained by victory (late Lat.): plus victoriatum est quam injuriatum, Tert. adv. Gnost. 6.

Victōrĭŏla, ae, f. dim. [victoria, II. A.], a little statue of Victory, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 84.

victōrĭōsus, a, um, adj. [victoria], victorious (ante- and post-class.; cf. victor, II. B.), Cato ap. Gell. 4, 9, 12.
As an epithet of the emperor Probus, Nummus ap. Eckhel. D. N. V. 7, p. 505.
Sup.: vir, Sid. Ep. 5, 6: PRINCIPES, Inscr. Grut. 170, 5; Inscr. Orell. 1045.

victrix, ĭcis (abl. victrice, Cic. Phil. 13, 3, 7 al.; but victrici, Liv. 28, 6, 8; gen. plur. victricium, Tac. H. 2, 59; Suet. Tib. 14: victricum, Fest. p. 178, 26), f. [victor], she that is victorious, a conqueress, victress; adj., conquering, victorious.

  1. I. Lit.: victrices Athenae, Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116: manus victrix, id. Sest. 37, 79: victricia arma, Verg. A. 3, 54; so, arma, Just. 44, 5, 8: copiae, Auct. B. Alex. 40: naves, id. ib. 11; 25; Ov. M. 15, 754: manus, id. ib. 4, 739: dextra, id. ib. 8, 421: bella, Stat. S. 5, 2, 150: litterae, containing news of victory, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 2: tabellae, Ov. Am. 1, 11, 25: erat victrix res publica caesis Antonii copiis, Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 10, 2; Manil. 2, 882.
  2. II. Trop.: mater victrix filiae non libidinis, Cic. Clu. 5, 14: victrix causa deis placuit, sed victa Catoni, Luc. 1, 128: dea (Alecto), Verg. A. 7, 544; cf. Ov. M. 6, 283.

victŭālis, e, adj. [2. victus], of or belonging to nourishment or sustenance (postclass.).

  1. I. Adj.: ministerium, App. Dogm. Plat. 1, p. 10, 17: sumptus, Cod. Just. 8, 51, 20.
  2. II. Subst.: victŭālia, ĭum, n., provisions, victuals, Cassiod. Var. 3, 44; 4, 5; Vulg. 2 Macc. 3, 10.

victŭārĭus, a, um, adj. [2. victus], of or belonging to sustenance (post-class.): exhibitio, i. e. of provisions, Tert. Monog. 8.

1. victus, a, um, Part. of vinco.

2. victus, ūs (ante-class. collat. form of the gen. sing. victuis, Varr. ap. Non. p. 494, 11: victi, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 75; also cited ap. Non. p. 484, 10), m. [vivo].

  1. I. That upon which one lives; sustenance, nourishment, provisions, victuals: tenuis victus cultusque, Cic. Lael. 23, 86: tenuissimus, id. Fin. 2, 28, 90; id. Quint. 15, 49; id. Tusc. 5, 34, 99; id. Off. 1, 4, 12; Caes. B. G. 6, 22; 6, 23 fin.; Hor. S. 1, 1, 98; 2, 2, 53; dat. victu, Lucil. ap. Gell. 4, 16, 6; Verg. G. 4, 158.
    Plur., Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 142; Cic. Fin. 5, 4, 10; Ov. M. 15, 104 al.
    1. B. In jurid. lang., necessaries of life, inclusive of clothing, Dig. 50, 16, 43; 50, 16, 44.
  2. II. A way of life, mode of living, with reference to the necessities of life (class.; cf. vita): in victu considerare oportet, apud quos et quo more et cujus arbitratu sit educatus, etc., Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 35: consuetudo victūs, manner of living or subsisting, Caes. B. G. 1, 31: quali igitur victu sapiens utetur? Hor. S. 2, 2, 63.
    Esp., with vita: Gaius Tuditanus, omni vitā atque victu excultus atque expolitus, Cic. Brut. 25, 95: ego autem nobilium vitā victuque mutato mores mutari civitatem puto, id. Leg. 3, 14, 32: splendidus non minus in vitā quam victu, Nep. Alcib. 1, 3.

vīcŭlus, i, m. dim. [vicus], a little village, hamlet, Cic. Rep. 1, 2; Liv. 21, 33.

vīcus, i, m. [Sanscr. vēcas, vēcman, house; Gr. οἶκος; O. H. Germ. wīch, village; and Engl. -wick or -wich, as in Berwick, Norwich].

  1. I. Collectively, a row of houses in town or country, a quarter of a city, a street, Cic. Mil. 24, 64; Caes. B. C. 1, 27; Hor. S. 2, 3, 228; id. Ep. 1, 20, 18; 2, 1, 269; Ov. F. 6, 610 al.
  2. II. A village, hamlet, a country-seat: si quis Cobiamacho, qui vicus inter Tolosam et Narbonem est, deverterentur, Cic. Font. 5, 9; Caes. B. G. 1, 5; 2, 7; 4, 4; Liv. 38, 30, 7; Tac. G. 12; Cic. Fam. 14, 1, 5; Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 8; 1, 15, 7; 2, 2, 177 al.