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hospĕs, ĭtis (gen. plur. hospitium, Liv. 4, 35, 4), m.; hospĭta, ae, f. (cf. antistita from antistes, sospita from sospes, sacerdota from sacerdos, etc., but hospes, f., Att. ap. Non. 279, 11; Trag. Fragm. v. 51 Rib.: hospes amica, Ov. F. 6, 510: Aurora, Stat. Th. 6, 272; Sen. Agam. 318 al.) [= hostipets, hostis, a stranger; pa-, root of pasco, pater, to feed, hence],

  1. I. He who entertains a stranger, a host (one who entertains gratuitously, as a friend: caupo, one who entertains for pay); form hospes: alterum ad cauponem devertisse, ad hospitem alterum, Cic. Div. 1, 27, 57; so id. Fin. 5, 2, 4: tendimus hinc recta Beneventum, ubi sedulus hospes Paene macros, arsit, dum turdos versat in igne, etc., Hor. S. 1, 5, 71: succinctus, id. ib. 2, 6, 107: amabilis, id. Ep. 2, 2, 132: hospitis affectu salutare, with a host’s politeness, Juv. 8, 161.
    Esp., one upon whom soldiers are quartered, Tac. H. 2, 66; 3, 41.
    Hence repeated of both host and guest: per dexteram istam te oro, quam regi Deiotaro hospes hospiti porrexisti, Cic. Deiot. 3, 8; so, non hospes ab hospite tutus, Ov. M. 1, 144: Juppiter, = hospitalis, id. ib. 10, 224.
    Fem., hospita, she who entertains a guest, a hostess: femina primaria, Servilia, vetere Dionis hospita, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 8, § 24: figura et lineamenta hospitae, id. ib. 2, 2, 36, § 89: Helene, Hor. C. 1, 15, 2.
    In late Lat., for a concubine, Inscr. Orell. 2669; 4996.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. A sojourner, visitor, guest, friend, ξένος. Lit.: in domo clari hominis, in quam et hospites multi recipiendi et admittenda hominum cujusque modi multitudo, Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139: libri inter Cratippi commentarios tamquam hospites recipiendi, id. ib. 3, 33, 121: recipere hospites, id. Verr. 2, 1, 25, § 65: accipere hospitem, id. Fam. 9, 26 fin.: non hospites, sed peregrini atque advenae, id. Agr. 2, 34, 94: habuisses non hospitem, sed contubernalem, id. Fam. 9, 20, 1: et hostem et hospitem vidit, id. Div. 2, 37, 79; 6, 6, 2: is qui nuper Romae fuit Menedemus hospes meus, id. de Or. 1, 19, 85; cf. id. Lael. 7, 24: Polybius noster hospes, id. Rep. 4, 3: id factum ex suis hospitibus Caesar cognoverat, Caes. B. G. 5, 6, 2: in suos notos hospitesque quaerebant, id. B. C. 1, 74, 5: hospes familiae vestrae, Cic. Lael. 11, 36: homo multorum hospitum, id. Clu. 59, 163: mihi seu longum post tempus venerat hospes Sive, etc., Hor. S. 2, 2, 118: si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes, id. ib. 2, 4, 17: hospite venturo, cessabit nemo tuorum, Juv. 14, 59: in officiis apud majores ita observatum est: primum tutelae, deinde hospiti, deinde clienti, tum cognato, postea adfini, Sabin. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 5.
      In fem.: meamne hic in via hospitam, Quae heri huc Athenis cum hospite advenit meo, etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 8; id. ib. 71; Ter. And. 2, 6, 8; Cic. Att. 5, 1, 3.
    2. B. Opp. to a native, a stranger, foreigner (syn.: advena, peregrinus, peregrinator, alienus): adeone hospes hujusce urbis, adeone ignarus es disciplinae consuetudinisque nostrae, ut haec nescias? Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 28: nec peregrinus atque hospes in agendo, id. de Or. 1, 50, 218: nos in nostra urbe peregrinantes errantesque tamquam hospites tui libri quasi domum deduxerunt, id. Ac. 1, 3, 9.
      So in addressing a foreigner, like the Gr. ξένε, stranger: cum (Theophrastus) percontaretur ex anicula quadam, quanti aliquid venderet, et respondisset illa atque addidisset, Hospes, non pote minoris: tulisse eum moleste, se non effugere hospitis speciem, cum aetatem ageret Athenis optimeque loqueretur, id. Brut. 46, 172; Quint. 8, 1, 2: dic, hospes, Spartae, nos te hic vidisse jacentes, Cic. poët. Tusc. 1, 42, 101 (a transl. of the Gr. [?*) = W CEI = N), A)GGE/LLEIN *AAKEDAIMONI/OIS ?], etc., Herod. 7, 228): hospes, quid miras curare Serapin? Varr. ap. Non. 480, 30; Prop. 4, 1, 1.
      Fem., hospita, a female stranger: hanc hospitam crepidula ut graphice decet, Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 3.
    3. C. Hence, a stranger in any matter, ignorant of, unacquainted with: si erit idem in consuetudine civitatis hospes, Cic. de Or. 2, 30, 131: vos ignoretis, vos hospites in hac urbe versamini, id. Mil. 12, 33.
    4. D. Of inanim. or abstr. things adjectively, hospitable; strange, foreign.
          1. (α) Form hospes (only in post-Aug. poets): gemma, Pall. Insit. init.: tecta, etc., Stat. Th. 12, 479: cymba, id. S. 5, 1, 252: honor, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 650.
          2. (β) Form hospita (in the fem. and neutr. plur. mostly poet.): hirundines hospitae, Varr. ap. Arn. 6, 207: navis, Ov. F. 1, 340: quo tutior hospita lustres Aequora, Verg. A. 3, 377: conjunx hospita Teucris, id. ib. 6, 93: terra hospita, id. ib. 3, 539: tecta, Val. Fl. 2, 650: flumina, Stat. Th. 4, 842: litora mundo, id. S. 3, 5, 75: unda plaustris, bearing wagons on its frozen surface, Verg. G. 3, 362: vina, Val. Fl. 1, 44.

hospĭta, v. hospes.

hospĭtācŭlum,, i, n. [hospita], a lodging-house, inn, Dig. 9, 3, 5, § 1.

hospĭtālis, e, adj. [hospes], of or relating to a guest or host, hospitable, ξένιος, ξενικός.

  1. I. Lit.
    1. A. Adj. (class.): illam ipsam sedem hospitalem, in quam erit deductus, publicam populi Romani esse dicet, Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 46: deversorium, Liv. 21, 63 fin.: cubiculum, guest-chamber, id. 1, 58: beneficia, id. 2, 14 fin.: aves, set before a guest, Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 3; cf.: cena Augusti, Plin. 33, 4, 24, § 83: umbra, Hor. C. 2, 3, 10: tessera, which guests gave to the host, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 87 sq.; cf. ib. 5, 1, 25: Juppiter, the patron of hospitality, Cic. Deiot. 6, 18; id. Fin. 3, 20, 66; id. Q. Fr. 2, 12, 3 al.; cf. deus, Plaut. Poen. 5, 1, 25: non dubitavit illud insigne Penatium hospitaliumque deorum ex hospitali mensa tollere, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 22, § 48: fulmina, of Jupiter hospitalis, Sen. Q. N. 2, 49: caedes, the murder of a guest, Liv. 25, 18, 7: TABVLA, i. e. a municipal decree for the reception of a guest, Inscr. Grut. 456, 1: Theophrastus scribit, Cimonem Athenis etiam in suos curiales Laciadas hospitalem fuisse, Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64; cf.: homo qui semper hospitalissimus amicissimusque nostrorum hominum existimatus esset (shortly before: cum suae partes essent hospitum recipiendorum), id. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 65: tua illa Venus, id. Cael. 21, 52: tibi hospitale pectus, Hor. Epod. 17, 49: nihil hospitalius mari (Campaniae): hospitalem hostem appellare, Liv. 25, 18, 8: hinc illi nobiles portus Cajeta, Misenus, etc., Flor. 1, 16: appulsus litorum, Plin. 2, 46, 45, § 118.
    2. B. Subst.
      1. 1. hospĭtālis, is, m., a guest: injuriae potestatum in hospitales ad visendum venientium, Hipponenses in necem ejus (delphini) compulerunt, Plin. 9, 8, 8, § 26.
      2. 2. hospĭtālia, ium, n.
        1. a. Apartments for guests, guest-chambers, Vitr. 6, 10.
        2. b. On the stage, the two entrances on the right and left for strangers, Vitr. 5, 7.
        3. c. (Sc. jura.) The dues of hospitality, Liv. 42, 24 fin.
  2. II. Transf., of things: ut in Fucino lacu invectus amnis, in Lario Addua, etc. … in Lemanno Rhodanus: hic trans Alpes superiores in Italia multorum milium transitu hospitales suas tantum nec largiores quam intulere aquas evehentes, foreign, i. e. that flow through without mingling, Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 224; 17, 10, 14, § 69.
    Hence, adv.: hospĭtālĭter, hospitably, as a guest: invitati hospitaliter per domos, Liv. 1, 9, 9: vocare (opp. hostiliter), id. 6, 26, 3: excipere aliquem, Curt. 7, 6 med.: ingredi ad deos Penates, Just. 8, 3.

hospĭtālĭtas, ātis, f. [hospitalis].

  1. I. Hospitality: recte etiam a Theophrasto est laudata hospitalitas, Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64; Mart. 4, 64, 28.
  2. * II. A being a guest, i. e. a living in a foreign country, a sojourning: lege temporalis hospitalitatis, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 21, § 34.

hospĭtālĭter, adv., v. hospitalis fin.

hospĭtātor, ōris, m. [hospitor], a lodger, guest: mei hospitatores, App. M. 4, p. 145, 28.

‡ hospĭtĭcīda ξενοκτόνος, Gloss. Phil.

hospĭtĭŏlum, i, n. dim. [hospitium], a little inn (late Lat.), Hier. Ep. 47, 11; 108, 44.

hospĭtĭum, ĭi, n. [hospes].

  1. I. Hospitality (class.): quos ego universos adhiberi liberaliter, optimum quemque hospitio amicitiaque conjungi dico oportere, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5, § 16; cf.: quocum mihi amicitiam res publica conciliavit, hospitium voluntas utriusque conjunxit, etc., id. Deiot. 14, 39: gratia atque hospitiis florens hominum nobilissimorum … cum Metellis, erat ei hospitium, id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15: pro hospitio quod sibi cum eo esset, id. Verr. 2, 2, 8, § 23: vetus hospitium renovare, id. Deiot. 3, 8: ego hic hospitium habeo, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 82: qui hospitio Ariovisti usus erat, Caes. B. G. 1, 47, 4: jungimus hospitio dextras, Verg. A. 3, 83: indulge hospitio, id. ib. 4, 51: ut artum solveret hospitiis animum, Hor. S. 2, 6, 83: renuntiare, Liv. 25, 18, 9: huic paternum hospitium cum Pompeio intercedebat, Caes. B. C. 2, 25, 4: decernunt, ut cum L. fratre hospitium publice fieret, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 145; cf.: Gaditani hospitium cum L. Cornelio publice fecerunt, id. Balb. 18, 41; Liv. 37, 54, 5: publice privatimque hospitia jungere, id. 1, 45, 2: clientelae hospitiaque provincialia, Cic. Cat. 4, 11, 23; cf. Auct. Her. 1, 5, 8.
  2. II. A hospitable reception, entertainment: te in Arpinati videbimus et hospitio agresti accipiemus, Cic. Att. 2, 16, 4: cum ab eo magnificentissimo hospitio acceptus esset, id. Div. 2, 37, 79: hospitio invitabit, id. Phil. 12, 9, 23: hic apud me hospitium tibi praebebitur, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 93: alibi te meliust quaerere hospitium, id. Curc. 3, 47: me excepit Aricia hospitio modico, Hor. S. 1, 5, 2: gens hospitio deorum inmortalium sancta, Liv. 9, 34, 19; 29, 11, 6.
    1. B. Concr., a place of entertainment for strangers, a lodging, inn, guest-chamber (cf. diversorium): ex vita ita discedo tamquam ex hospitio, non tamquam ex domo, Cic. de Sen. 23, 84; cf. id. de Or. 2, 58, 234: Piliae paratum est hospitium, id. Att. 14, 2, 3: deductus a magistratibus in nemorosum hospitium, Plin. 35, 11, 38, § 121: publicum, Liv. 5, 28, 4: ibi (milites) benigne excepti divisique in hospitia, id. 2, 14, 8: ad hospitium imperatoris venire, id. 33, 1, 6: hospitia singulorum adire, Suet. Ner. 47: praetorianae cohortes per hospitia dispersae, the townquarters, id. Tib. 37: Romae … magno hospitium miserabile, Juv. 3, 166: tolerabile, id. 7, 69: hospitio aliquem juvare, id. 3, 211: hospitio prohibemur harenae, of the shore (i. e. from landing), Verg. A. 1, 540.
      Transf., of animals: itque pecus longa in deserta sine ullis Hospitiis, Verg. G. 3, 343; 4, 24; Plin. 10, 23, 33, § 66.
      Comically: quid faciam nunc, si tresviri me in carcerem compegerint? … ita Peregre adveniens hospitio publicitus accipiar, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 8: certe advenientem hic me hospitio pugneo accepturus est, id. ib. 1, 1, 140: nec confidentiae usquam hospitium est, nec de verticulum dolis, id. Capt. 3, 3, 8.
      Trop.: ut universi intellegant, sacrosanctum cunctis esse debere hospitium virilis animae, i. e. virile corpus, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 5, 3, 2.

* hospĭtīvus, a, um, adj. [hospes], of or belonging to a host: viridaria, his host’s, Spart. Hadr. 12, 5.

hospĭtor, ātus, 1, v. dep. n. [id.], to be a guest, to put up, lodge, sojourn as a guest (post-Aug.).

  1. I. Lit.: mensores postibus hospitaturi nomen ascribunt, Cod. Th. 7, 8, 4; Petr. 77, 4.
    1. B. Transf. (cf. hospitalis, II.): Gangem in quodam lacu hospitari; inde lenem fluere, Plin. 6, 18, 22, § 65: castanea translata nescit hospitari pavetque novitatem, id. 17, 20, 34, § 149.
  2. II. Trop.: quid aliud voces animum quam deum in humano corpore hospitantem, Sen. Ep. 31; id. Vit. Beat. 23.

hospĭtus, a, um, occurring only in the fem. sing. and neutr. plur. hospita; v. hospes.

hostĭa (also fostia), ae, f. [2. hostio, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 102 Müll.], an animal sacrificed, a victim, sacrifice (cf.: victima).

  1. I. Lit.: cum Trebatius doceat, hostiarum genera esse duo, unum in quo voluntas dei per exta disquiritur, alterum, in quo sola anima deo sacratur, unde etiam haruspices animales has hostias vocant, Macr. S. 3, 5, 1: illud ex institutis pontificum et haruspicum non mutandum est, quibus hostiis immolandum cuique deo, Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 29: ea prodigia partim majoribus hostiis partim lactentibus procurarentur, Liv. 22, 1, 15: majoribus hostiis rem divinam facere, id. 31, 5, 3: Veneri immolare hostiam, Plaut. Poen. 2, 2: hostiis propitiare Venerem, id. ib. 4, 2, 25; cf. v. 27: Pseudole, arcesse hostias, Victimas, lanios, ut ego huic sacrificem summo Jovi, id. Ps. 1, 3, 93: hostias immolare, Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93: hostias ad sacrificium praebere … hostias redimere (used interchangeably with victimae), id. Inv. 2, 31, 96 sq.: hostiae omnibus locis immolabantur, Hirt. B. G. 8, 51, 3: C. Mario per hostias dis supplicanti, Sall. J. 63, 1: nondum cum sanguine sacro Hostia caelestes pacificasset heros, Cat. 68, 76: ad scelus perficiendum caesis hostiis (shortly before: nocturna sacrificia), Cic. Clu. 68, 194: mactata hostia, Hor. C. 1, 19, 16: non sumptuosa blandior hostia Mollivit aversos Penates Farre pio et saliente mica, id. ib. 3, 23, 18: quadraginta hostiis sacrificare, Liv. 41, 19, 2: hostiis piare prodigia, Tac. H. 5, 13: si primis hostiis litatum non est, Gell. 4, 6, 6: ruminalis, Plin. 8, 51, 77, § 206: maximam hostiam ovilli pecoris appellabant, non ab amplitudine corporis sed ab animo placidiore, Paul. ex Fest. p. 126 Müll.: (Galli) humanis hostiis aras ac templa funestant, Cic. Font. 10, 21 (for which: Galli pro victimis homines immolant, Caes. B. G. 6, 16, 2); cf.: humanis hostiis litare, Tac. G. 9: humana, Plin. 8, 22, 34, § 82.
    Collect., Verg. A. 1, 334.
  2. II. Transf., Hostia, a group of stars belonging to the constellation Centaurus, Hyg. Astr. 3, 37.

* hostĭātus, a, um, adj. [hostia], provided with victims: candidatas venire hostiatasque, Plaut. Rud. 1, 5, 12.

‡ hosticapas, hostium captor, Paul. ex Fest. p. 102 Müll. [hostis-capio; the final s is archaic, as in PARICIDAS for parricida].

hostĭcus, a, um, adj. [hostis].

  1. I. Of or belonging to an enemy, hostile (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose; not in Cic. or Cæs.): ager, Liv. 44, 13: tellus, Ov. P. 1, 3, 65: moenia, Hor. C. 3, 2, 6: vindemia, Ov. F. 4, 893: manus, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 49; 2, 2, 61: ensis, Hor. S. 1, 9, 31: incursiones, Col. praef. § 19: tumultus, Flor. 3, 10, 17.
    In neutr. as subst.: hostĭcum, i, the enemy’s territory: castra in hostico incuriose posita, Liv. 8, 38, 2: raptae ex hostico messes, Plin. Pan. 29, 3: transire in hosticum, Eum. Pan. ad Constant. 13; also enmity: hosticum spirare, Tert. Mag. 35.
  2. II. Of or belonging to a stranger, strange, foreign: hosticum hoc mihi domiciliumst, Athenis domus est, Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 40.

* hostĭfer, ĕra, ĕrum, adj. [hostis-fero], hostile: quisquam, Manil. 1, 420 dub.

hostĭfĭcē, adv., v. hostificus fin.

hostĭfĭcus, a, um, adj. [hostis-facio], that deals in a hostile manner, hostile (anteclass.): o dirum hostificumque diem! Att. ap. Non. 485, 24 (Fragm. Trag. v. 80 Rib.): bellum, Cic. Dom. 23, 60.
* Adv.: hostĭ-fĭcē, in a hostile manner, Att. ap. Non. 224, 11 (Fragm. Trag. v. 82 Rib.).

Hostĭlīna, ae, f. [hostio = aequo], a goddess that promotes the growth of corn in equal ears, Aug. Civ. Dei, 3, 8.

hostīlis, e, adj. [hostis].

  1. I. Of or belonging to an enemy, hostile.
    1. A. In gen. (class.): amator simili’st oppidi hostilis, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 68: terra, Cic. Inv. 1, 55, 108: manus, id. Tusc. 1, 35, 85: naves, Hor. Epod. 9, 19: domus, id. ib. 5, 53: aratrum, id. C. 1, 16, 21: manus, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 61: cadavera, Sall. C. 61, 8: vis, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 52: condictiones pactionesque (with bellicae), Cic. Off. 3, 29, 108: minae, Tac. A. 13, 57: metus, of the enemy, Sall. J. 41, 2: spolia, Liv. 29, 35, 5; Suet. Ner. 38: terra, Liv. 44, 3, 8: clamor, id. 1, 29, 2: turmae, id. 9, 22, 9: murmur, Tac. H. 2, 42: audacia, id. A. 14, 23: solum, id. ib. 11, 16; 11, 20: nationes, id. ib. 11, 23.
      As subst.: hostīle, is, n., hostile country, the enemy’s land or soil: prior Parthus apud Gaium in nostra ripa, posterior hic apud regem in hostili (sc. solo) epulatus est, Vell. 2, 101 fin.
    2. B. In partic., in divining: hostilis pars (opp. pars familiaris), the part of the entrails that related to the enemy, Luc. 1, 622.
  2. II. That is usual with an enemy, hostile (class.): hominis hostilem in modum seditiosi imago, Cic. Rab. Perd. 9, 24; cf.: hostilem in modum vexare, id. Prov. Cons. 3, 5: in hunc hostili odio est, id. Clu. 5, 12: spiritus, Tac. H. 4, 57: ne quid ab se hostile timeret, Sall. J. 88, 5: caedem, fugam aliaque hostilia portendant, id. ib. 3, 2: legati retulerunt, omnia hostilia esse, Liv. 21, 16, 1: multa hostilia audere, Tac. H. 4, 15: facere, Sall. J. 107, 2: loqui, Tac. H. 2, 66: invicem coeptare, id. ib. 3, 70: induere adversus aliquem, id. A. 12, 40: apibus inimica est nebula: aranei quoque vel maxime hostiles, Plin. 11, 19, 21, § 65.
    Hence, adv.: hostī-lĭter, like an enemy, in a hostile manner, hostilely: quid ille fecit hostiliter, Cic. Phil. 5, 9, 25; Sall. J. 20, 4; Liv. 2, 14, 2; 9, 38, 1; Tac. H. 2, 85; Suet. Caes. 54; Ov. M. 11, 372; 14, 68.

hostīlĭtas, ātis, f. [hostilis], enmity, hostility, Cassiod. Var. 4, 50.

hostīlĭter, adv., v. hostilis fin.

Hostīlĭus, a,

  1. I. name of a Roman gens.
      1. 1. Hostus Hostilius, who fought victoriously against the Sabines, Liv. 1, 12.
      2. 2. His grandson, Tullus Hostilius, the third king of Rome, Liv. 1, 22 sqq.; Cic. N. D. 2, 3, 9.
      3. 3. L. Hostilius Tubulus, prœtor in A. U. C. 611, a rude person, Lucil. ap. Cic. N. D. 1, 23, 63.
  2. II. Deriv. Hostīlĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Hostilius, Hostilian: Curia, built by king Tullus Hostilius, Liv. 1, 22; 30; Varr. L. L. 5, § 155 Müll.: Hostiliis Laribus immolabant, quod ab his hostes arceri putabant (perhaps named after Hostus Hostilius), Paul. ex Fest. p. 102 Müll.: lex, Just. Inst. 4, 10.

hostīmentum, i, n. [1. hostio], a recompense, requital: hostimentum beneficii pensatio, Paul. ex Fest. p. 102 Müll.; cf.: hostimentum est aequamentum, Non. 3, 26 (ante-class.): audi atque auditis hostimentum adjungito, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 270 Müll. (Trag. v. 154 Vahl.): par pari datum hostimentum’st, opera pro pecunia, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 20: beneficiis hostimentum peperisti grave, Att. ap. Non. 315, 19; Serv. Verg. A. 2, 156.

1. hostio, īre, v. a., to make even, return like for like, to recompense, requite: hostire (ab antiquis) ponebatur pro aequare. Fest. s. v. status dies, p. 314 Müll.; ib. s. v. redhostire, p. 270 (ante-class.): nisi coërceo Protervitatem atque hostio ferociam, Pac. ap. Fest. s. v. redhostire, p. 270; and ap. Non. 121, 16 (Trag. Rel. v. 346 Rib.): quin promitto hostire contra, ut merueris, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 110.

2. hostio, īre, v. a., to strike: hostia dicta est ab eo, quod est hostire ferire, Paul. ex Fest. p. 102 Müll. (ante-class.): quae mea comminus machaera atque hasta hostibit e manu, Enn. ap. Fest. s. v. redhostire, p. 270 Müll. (Trag. v. 212 Vahl.).

hostis (also fos-), is, comm. [Sanscr. root ghas-, to eat, consume, destroy; Germ. Gast; cf. also hasta],

  1. I. a stranger, foreigner; afterwards transf., an enemy (cf.: adversarius, inimicus, perduellis): equidem etiam illud animadverto, quod qui proprio nomine perduellis esset, is hostis vocaretur, lenitate verbi rei tristitiam mitigatam. Hostis enim apud majores nostros is dicebatur, quem nunc peregrinum dicimus … quamquam id nomen durius effecit jam vetustas: a peregrino enim recessit et proprie in eo qui arma contra ferret remansit, Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 3 Müll.: hostis apud antiquos peregrinus dicebatur, et qui nunc hostis perduellio, Paul. ex Fest. p. 102 P.
  2. II. An enemy in arms or of one’s country (opp. inimicus, a private enemy, or one who is inimically disposed).
    1. A. Lit.: qui (Pompeius) saepius cum hoste conflixit quam quisquam cum inimico concertavit, Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28; cf.: omnes nos statuit ille quidem non inimicos sed hostes, id. Phil. 11, 1, 3; opp. inimicus, Curt. 7, 10 (v. also the foll.): debent oratori sic esse adversariorum nota consilia, ut hostium imperatori, Quint. 12, 1, 35: legiones hostium, Plaut. Am. prol. 136: hostes nefarios prostravit, Cic. Phil. 14, 10, 27: (bellum) compellere intra hostium moenia, id. Rep. 1, 1: vita ex hostium telis servata, id. ib. 1, 3: adventus hostium, id. ib. 2, 3: ut eam (probitatem) vel in eis quos numquam vidimus, vel, quod majus est, in hoste etiam diligamus, id. Lael. 9, 29: hostem rapinis prohibere, Caes. B. G. 1, 15, 4: quando hostis alienigena terrae Italiae bellum intulisset, Liv. 29, 10, 5: servit Hispanae vetus hostis orae Cantaber sera domitus catena, Hor. C. 3, 8, 21: terra marique victus hostis, id. Epod. 9, 27 et saep.: inimicis quoque et hostibus ea indigna videri, Cic. Inv. 1, 54, 105; cf.: inimicus, hostis esset, tanta contumelia accepta, id. Verr. 2, 2, 24, § 58: sibi inimicus atque hostis, id. Fin. 5, 10, 29: horum omnium communis hostis praedoque, id. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17: tam dis hominibusque hostis, id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; id. Att. 15, 21, 1: Cn. Pompeius auctor et dux mei reditus, illius (Clodii) hostis, id. Mil. 15, 39: acer Bupalo hostis (Hipponax), Hor. Epod. 6, 14: fas est et ab hoste doceri, Ov. M. 4, 428: di meliora piis erroremque hostibus illum! Verg. G. 3, 513; cf. Ov. H. 16, 219; id. Am. 2, 10, 16; id. F. 3, 494; id. P. 4, 6, 35: quam (aquam) hostis hosti commodat, Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 21.
      In fem.: hostis est uxor, invita quae ad virum nuptum datur, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 83: nupta meretrici hostis est, Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 23: ut, quo die captam hostem vidisset, eodem matrimonio junctam acciperet, Liv. 30, 14, 2: cum certa videbitur hostis, Ov. A. A. 2, 461; id. H. 6, 82; Prop. 1, 4, 18: ille uxorem, tu hostem luges, Curt. 4, 11, 4.
    2. B. Transf., of animals or things (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): qualem ministrum fulminis alitem … in ovilia Demisit hostem vividus impetus, Hor. C. 4, 4, 10; Ov. F. 1, 359: rhinoceros genitus hostis elephanto, Plin. 8, 20, 29, § 71.
      Of a chessman: unus cum gemino calculus hoste perit, Ov. A. A. 3, 358: fac, pereat vitreo miles ab hoste tuus, id. ib. 2, 208: rerum ipsa natura non parens sed noverca fuerit, si facultatem dicendi sociam scelerum, adversam innocentiae, hostem veritatis invenit, Quint. 12, 1, 2: illa vero vitiosissima, quae jam humanitas vocatur, studiorum perniciosissima hostis, id. 2, 2, 10
      1. 2. Of an adversary in a suit, in a parody of the law of the Twelve Tables: si status condictus cum hoste intercedit dies, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 5; cf. also Gell. 16, 4, 4.

Hostĭus, a, name of a Roman gens, Sall. H. 4, p. 228 Gerl. Min. (Dietsch, 4, 27; Hostilius); Sen. Q. N. 1, 16 al.

‡ hostōrĭum, ĭi, n. [1. hostio], an instrument used in levelling a measure of corn, etc., a strickle, Prisc. p. 688 P.

1. hostus, i, m. [perh. a rustic term for haustus], the yield of an olive-tree, Cato, R. R. 6, 2; Varr. R. R. 1, 24, 2.

2. Hostus, i, m., a Roman prœnomen, as Hostus Hostilius, Liv. 1, 12; Macr. S. 1, 6: Hostus Lucretius Tricipitinus, Liv. 4, 30 al.