Lewis & Short

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subter (also supter), adv. and prep. [sub].

  1. I. Adv., below, beneath, underneath: navem in fugam transdunt subter saxa, Att. ap. Non. 155, 8 (Trag. Rel. v. 630 Rib.): terram fac ut esse rearis Subter item, ut supera, Lucr. 6, 537: partim quod supter per terras diditur omnis, id. 5, 268: aliam naturam supter habere, id. 5, 536: omnia haec, quae supra et subter, unum esse, Cic. de Or. 3, 5, 20; id. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 106: anulus subter adhaerens, Lucr. 6, 914: oculum subter premere, id. 4, 447: subter mediam fere regionem sol obtinet, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17.
    Comp.: subterius (opp. superius), Isid. 16, 8, 4.
  2. II. Prep. with acc. and abl., below, beneath, underneath, under (rare but class.).
          1. (α) With acc.: cupiditatem subter praecordia locavit, Cic. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; cf. id. ib. 5, 1, 4: subter pineta, Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 67: subter fastigia tecti, Verg. A. 8, 366: agere vias subter mare, id. ib. 3, 695: subter imas cavernas, Ov. M. 5, 502: manu subter togam exserta, Liv. 8, 9: super subterque terram pugnare, id. 39, 4: subter murum hostium ad cohortes advehitur, underneath, i. e. close to the walls, id. 34, 20: latitudo Italiae subter radices (Alpium), Plin. 3, 19, 23, § 132; Stat. Th. 12, 711; Petr. 98.
          2. (β) With abl.: Rhoeteo subter litore, Cat. 65, 7: subter densā testudine, Verg. A. 9, 514.
  3. III. In composition, subter, like sub, denotes underneath, beneath: subteractus, subterfluo, etc.; and also, transf., secretly, privately, clandestinely: subterduco, subterfugio. It is sometimes doubtful whether subter forms a compound with a verb, or is an adverb qualifying it.

subtīlĭtas (supt-), ātis, f. [subtilis], fineness, thinness, slenderness, minuteness (syn. tenuitas).

  1. I. Lit. (mostly post-Aug.; not in Cic.): linearum, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 82: ferramentorum, the keen edge, sharpness, id. 28, 9, 41, § 148: inenarrabilis florum, id. 21, 1, 1, § 1: muliebris, Vitr. 4, 1 med.: immensa animalium, Plin. 11, prooem. 1, § 1: caelandi fingendique ac tingendi, id. 35, prooem. § 1: umoris, id. 2, 65, 65, § 163.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. In gen., keenness, acuteness, penetration, definiteness, exactness, subtlety, etc. (class.; syn.: acumen, sollertia): sententiarum, Cic. N. D. 2, 1, 1: disputandi, id. Tusc. 3, 23, 56: ea subtilitas, quam Atticam appellant, id. Brut. 17, 67: subtilitas sermonis, id. Rep. 1, 10, 16: credunt plerique militaribus ingeniis subtilitatem deesse, Tac. Agr. 9: ingens, Petr. 31: tanta, id. 38; Sen. Ep. 113, 1: Aristoteles, vir immensae subtilitatis, Plin. 18, 34, 77, § 335; cf.: litterarum, id. 2, 108, 112, § 247: geometrica, id. 2, 65, 65, § 164: perversa grammaticorum, id. 35, 3, 4, § 13: subtilitas parcimoniae compendia invenit, id. 17, 22, 35, § 171: picturae summa suptilitas, id. 35, 9, 36, § 67: inutilis, Sen. Ep. 65, 16: quaedam inutilia et inefficacia ipsa subtilitas reddit, id. ib. 82, 24: nimia, id. ib 88, 43.
    2. B. In partic., in rhet., plainness, simplicity, absence of ornament: orationis subtilitas imitabilis quidem illa videtur esse existimanti, sed nihil est experienti minus, Cic. Or. 23, 76; id. Brut. 84, 291: suavitatem Isocrates, subtilitatem Lysias, vim Demosthenes habuit, id. de Or. 3, 7, 28: subtilitas et elegantia scriptorum, id. Fam. 4, 4, 1.

* sŭpellectĭcārĭus, a, um, adj. [supellex], of or relating to household stuff or furniture: servi, that have the care of it, Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 31.

sŭpellex (nom. supellectilis, Eutr. 3, 23; Salv. Gub. Dei, 3, 2), lectĭlis (abl. -li or -le; v. Neue, Formenl. 1, 240), f. [superlego],

  1. I. household utensils, stuff, furniture, or goods (class.; only in sing.; cf.: vasa, utensilia, instrumenta), Dig. 33, 10 (De supellectile legata), 1; 33, 10, 3; 33, 10, 7; Cato ap. Prisc. p. 782 P.; Varr. R. R. 1, 22, 6; Plaut. Aul. 2, 5, 17; id. Pers. 4, 8, 2; Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 61; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83; 2, 4, 17, § 37; id. Agr. 2, 13, 32; 2, 15, 38; id. Par. 1, 2, 10; Prop. 4 (5), 8, 37; Hor. S. 1, 6, 118; Curt. 5, 2, 10; Juv. 3, 14: ad ornanda colla, ornaments, Vulg. Jud. 5, 30.
    Plur. supellectiles (late Lat.), Amm. 22, 8, 42; for which, class.: plurima Deliaca supellex, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176.
  2. II. Trop., apparatus, furniture, outfit, qualification: amicos parare, optimam et pulcherrimam vitae, ut ita dicam, supellectilem, Cic. Lael. 15, 55: usus oratoriae quasi supellectilis, id. Or. 24, 80; cf.: in oratoris instrumento tam lauta supellex, id. de Or. 1, 36, 165: qui occupatus est in supervacuā litterarum supellectile, Sen. Ep. 88, 36: medicorum, id. ib. 95, 18: copiosa verborum supellex, stock, store, Quint. 8, prooem. § 28: tecum habita, et noris, quam sit tibi curta supellex, i. e. what an ill-furnished mind you have, Pers. 4, 52: scientiae, Macr. S. 1, 1 init.

1. sŭper, adj., v. superus.

2. sŭper, adv. and prep. [Sanscr. upari; Gr. ὑπέρ; Goth. ufar], above, over (often confounded in MSS. and edd. with supra, q. v.).

  1. I. Adv., above, on top, thereupon, upon, etc. (rare but class.).
    1. A. Lit., of place: Anien infraque superque Saxeus, Stat. S. 1, 3, 20: eo super tigna bipedalia, iniciunt, Caes. B. C. 2, 10: haec super e vallo prospectant Troes, Verg. A. 9, 168: implenturque super puppes, from above, i. e. by rain, id. ib. 5, 697: purpureas super vestes … Coniciunt, id. ib. 6, 221; cf. id. ib. 6, 217: renes tunicis super conteguntur, Cels. 3, 1 med.: imponendum super medicamentum, id. 6, 19 med.
    2. B. Transf.
      1. 1. Of that which is over and above in number or quantity, over, moreover, besides: satis superque esse sibi suarum cuique rerum, enough and to spare, more than enough, Cic. Lael. 13, 45: satis superque prudentes, id. Har. Resp. 9, 18: contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est, id. N. D. 2, 1, 2: ut satis superque vixisse videamur, id. Tusc. 1, 45, 110; Hor. Epod. 1, 31; Liv. 3, 53: quidque furor valeat, satisque Ac super ostendit, Ov. M. 4, 430: poenas dedit usque superque Quam satis est, Hor. S. 1, 2, 65: cui neque apud Danaos usquam locus; et super ipsi Dardanidae infensi, etc., and moreover, and besides, Verg. A. 2, 71: saevit amor ferri … Ira super, id. ib. 7, 462: super talis effundit pectore voces, id. ib. 5, 482; 11, 670: voto deus aequoris alti Annuerat; dederatque super, ne saucius ullis Vulneribus fieri posset, Ov. M. 12, 206; 4, 751; 15, 308; Hor. S. 2, 7, 78; id. Ep. 2, 2, 33; Phaedr. 4, 24, 18: annum agens aetatis sexagensimum ac nonum, superque mensem ac diem septimum, Suet. Vesp. 24.
        With gen. part.: non operae est satis superque oneris sustinenti res a populo Romano gestas scribere, Liv. 41, 25, 8: primoribus, super quam quod dissenserant a consilio, territis etiam duplici prodigio, besides that, Liv. 22, 3, 14; so, super quam quod, id. 27, 20, 10.
      2. 2. Less freq. of that which is left over, over, left, remaining: Atheniensibus exhaustis praeter arma et naves nihil erat super, Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; cf.: nec spes ulla super, Val. Fl. 8, 435: quid super sanguinis, qui dari pro republicā possit? rogitantes, Liv. 4, 58, 13: super tibi erunt, qui dicere laudes tuas cupiant, Verg. E. 6, 6: o mihi sola mei super Astyanactis imago, id. A. 3, 489.
  2. II. Prep. with acc. and abl., over, above, on the top of, upon, on.
    1. A. With acc.
      1. 1. Lit., of place or situation: super terrae tumulum noluit quid statui, nisi columellam, Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 66: super lateres coria inducuntur, Caes. B. C. 2, 10; cf. id. ib. 2, 10, § 4: super quas (naves) turrim ad introitum opposuit, id. ib. 3, 39 Dinter (al. quā): super vallum praecipitari, Sall. J. 58, 6; cf.: cum alii super aliorum capita ruerent, Liv. 24, 39, 5: super caput hostium pervenire, id. 32, 11, 8: aqua super montium juga concreta, id. 21, 58, 8: domos super se ipsos concremaverunt, id. 21, 14, 4: cenaculum super aedes datum est, id. 39, 14, 2: ad senaculum ac super id curiam, id. 41, 27, 7: equi super eum ruentis, id. 39, 49, 3: super eam (aspidem) assidere, Cic. Fin. 2, 18, 59: super theatrum consistere, Liv. 24, 39, 1: aquila super carpentum volitans, id. 1, 34, 8: illa super terram defecto poplite labens, Ov. M. 13, 477: collis erat, collemque super planissima Area, id. ib. 10, 86: ut scopulum super duram illidat corticem, Phaedr. 2, 6, 11: clatri super aquam emineant, Col. 8, 17, 10: super arcem pensiles horti sunt, Curt. 5, 1, 32: vestis super genua est, id. 5, 6, 18: super pulpitum consulares conlocare, Suet. Calig. 54.
        1. b. Of position or distance, above, beyond: Nomentanus erat super ipsum, Porcius infra, was above him (at table), Hor. S. 2, 8, 23: Polypercon, qui cubabat super regem, Curt. 8, 5, 22: super se collocavit, Suet. Aug. 43.
          Of geographical situation: super Numidiam Gaetulos accepimus, beyond Numidia, Sall. J. 19, 5: super et Garamantas et Indos Proferet imperium, Verg. A. 6, 795: super Sunium navigans, Liv. 28, 8, 11: sita est super Ambracium sinum, id. 43, 21, 6: super Demetriadem promunturium, id. 31, 46, 7; 43, 21, 6: qui super Bosporum colunt, Curt. 6, 2, 13; 7, 6, 12; 8, 1, 7: Lydia super Ioniam procedit, extends beyond, Plin. 5, 29, 30, § 110.
          Of official position ( = supra): super armamentarium positus, Curt. 6, 7, 22; Scrib. Comp. 162.
      2. 2. Transf.
        1. a. Of time, during, at (postAug.): de hujus nequitiā omnes super cenam loquebantur, Plin. Ep. 4, 22, 6; 3, 5, 11; 9, 33, 1; cf.: super vinum et epulas, Curt. 8, 4, 30; 8, 12, 17; Suet. Aug. 77; id. Caes. 87: super mensam, Curt. 7, 4, 7: super hos divum honores, i. e. during the sacrifice, Stat. Th. 1, 676; Flor. 4, 2, 69.
        2. b. Of that which is over and above a certain number or quantity, over, above, beyond, upon, besides, in addition to (not freq. till after the Aug. period): quod alii super alios legati venirent speculaturi, i. e. in rapid succession, constantly, Liv. 42, 25, 8: vox non paene tragoedorum sed super omnes tragoedos, Quint. 12, 5, 5: super modum ac paene naturam, id. 11, 3, 169: super necessitatem, id. 9, 3, 46: famosissima super ceteras fuit cena ei data adventicia, Suet. Vit. 13: super veteres amicos, id. Tib. 55.
          With numerals: super tris modios, Liv. 23, 12, 1: super LX. milia, Tac. G. 33: super octingentos annos, id. A. 13, 58: super quadraginta reos, Suet. Calig. 38: super HS. millies, id. Caes. 26; id. Ner. 30: senioribus super sexaginta annos in Epirum missis, Liv. 26, 25, 11; cf.: super triginta ducibus triumphos decernendos curavit, Suet. Aug. 38: Punicum exercitum super morbum etiam fames affecit, Liv. 28, 46, 15: super tam evidentem tristis ominis eventum, etiam, etc., id. 41, 18, 14: super dotem haec tibi dona accedent, id. 26, 50, 12; 2, 51, 2: super solitos honores, id. 2, 31, 3: super vota fluere, beyond all wishes, Tac. H. 3, 48: super obscena dicta et petulans jurgium, Phaedr. 3, 11, 2: dare savia super savia, kisses upon kisses, Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 38: alii super alios trucidentur, Liv. 1, 50, 6: vulnus super vulnus, id. 22, 54, 9: ut habitationes super pretium libertatis praestarentur, Dig. 18, 6, 19.
          Esp. freq.: super omnia, above all, before all (in Plin. the elder, super omnia and super omnes always at the beginning of the phrase; v. Sillig ad Plin. 33, 3, 19, § 62): talia carminibus celebrant: super omnia Caci Speluncam adiciunt, Verg. A. 8, 303: aetas et forma et super omnia Romanum nomen, Liv. 31, 18, 3; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 118; Quint. 12, 9, 12; Ov. M. 6, 526; 8, 677; so, tu super omnes beatus, Plin. Ep. 7, 13, 2; Suet. Vit. 13; Quint. 12, 5, 5.
        3. c. Hence, transf., in gen., for plus quam, amplius quam, more than (late Lat.): qui amat filium aut filiam super me, Vulg. Matt. 10, 37; cf.: dulciora sunt super mel et favum, id. Psa. 18, 11.
    2. B. With abl.
      1. 1. Lit., of place or situation (rare and mostly poet.): regulae, quae lateres, qui super musculo struantur, contineant, Caes. B. C. 2, 10: ensis cui super Cervice pendet, Hor. C. 3, 1, 17: ligna super foco Large reponens, id. ib. 1, 9, 5: parumne campis atque Neptuno super Fusum est Latini sanguinis, id. Epod. 7, 3: super Pindo, id. C. 1, 12, 6: requiescere Fronde super viridi, Verg. E. 1, 81.
      2. 2. Transf.
        1. a. Of time (cf. supra, A. 2. a.), during, in: nocte super mediā, Verg. A. 9, 61; cf.: Centaurea cum Lapithis rixa super mero Debellata, Hor. C. 1, 18, 8.
        2. b. For the usual de, to indicate respect, reference, upon, about, concerning, respecting (freq. in the ante-class. and after the Aug. period; in Cic. only a few times in his letters; not in Cæs.): nemo antea fecit super tali re cum hoc magistratu utique rem, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. superescit, p. 305 Müll.; so Pac. ib.; Plaut. Am. prol. 58; id. Most. 3, 2, 39: hac super re scribam ad te Rhegio, Cic. Att. 16, 6, 1: sed hac super re nimis (sc. dixi), id. ib. 10, 8, 10: litteras super tantā re exspectare, Liv. 26, 15, 5: cura super tali re principum laudata est, id. 40, 46, 15: multus eā super re rumor, Tac. A. 11, 23: quid nuntias super anu? Plaut. Cist. 4, 1, 8: super Euclionis filia, id. Aul. 4, 7, 2: super ancillā, id. Cas. 2, 3, 36: super amicā, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 133; 3, 6, 33; 4, 2, 25: quid agendum nobis sit super legatione votivā, Cic. Att. 14, 22, 2: super tali causā missi, Nep. Paus. 4: legare super familia pecuniave sua, Auct. Her. 1, 13, 23: super tali causā, Nep. Paus. 4, 1: multa super Priamo rogitans, super Hectore multa, Verg. A. 1, 750; 4, 233: super arvorum cultu, id. G. 4, 559: mitte civiles super Urbe curas, Hor. C. 3, 8, 17: publicus ludus super impetrato Augusti reditu, id. ib. 4, 2, 42: decreta super jugandis Feminis, id. C. S. 18: consultant bello super, Sil. 2, 271; 5, 615: ne super tali scelere suspectum sese haberet, Sall. J. 71, 5: super adimendā vitā, Amm. 14, 7, 12.
        3. c. Over and above, besides, beyond (very rare): modus agri … hortus … fons … Et paulum silvae super his, Hor. S. 2, 6, 3: excogitatum est super his, ut, etc., Amm. 14, 1, 6; Sil. 1, 60.
          Note: In composition, super denotes,
      1. 1. Above, over, of place: supercerno, supercresco, superdo, superemineo, superemorior, superferc, superfluo, superfugio, superfundo, supergredior, superjacio, superimpono, superincumbo, superinduco, supernato, superpono, supersedeo, supersterno, supersto, supervehor, supervenio, etc.
      2. 2. Less freq., over and above, besides, in addition: superaddo, superbibo, supersum, superstes, superfio.

sŭpĕrā, v. supra init.

sŭpĕrābĭlis, e, adj. [supero], that may be got over or surmounted.

  1. * I. Lit.: murus, Liv. 25, 23, 12.
  2. II. Trop., that may be overcome or subdued, conquerable, superable (very rare): non est per vim superabilis ulli, Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 27: invictos et nullis casibus superabiles Romanos praedicabant, Tac. A. 2, 25: an talis caecitas ac debilitas ope humanā superabiles forent, i. e. curable, id. H. 4, 81.

sŭpĕr-ablŭo, ĕre, 3, v. a., to wash off above, Avien. Perieg. 881.

sŭpĕrăbundanter, adv., v. superabundo fin.

sŭpĕrăbundantĭa, ae, f. [superabundo], superabunaance (late Lat.), Hier. in Ezech. 6, 18, 6; Vulg. Lev. 25, 37.

sŭpĕr-ăbundo, āvi, 1, v. n., to be very abundant, to superabound (post-class.): ubi delictum abundaverit, illic gratiam superabundasse, Tert. Res. Carn. 34; 47; Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 14; Lact. Ep. 6, 13; Dig. 27, 1, 6.
Hence, sŭpĕrăbundanter, adv., very abundantly: facere omnia, Vulg. Eph. 3, 20.

* sŭpĕr-accommŏdo, āre, v. a., to fit on above, put on: ferulas, Cels. 8, 10, 1 fin.

sŭpĕr-ăcervo, āre, v. a., to heap on, pile up, Tert. ad Nat. 1, 15.

sŭpĕr-addo, no perf., dĭtum, 3, v. a., to add over and above, to superadd (poet.; now usu. written separately): tumulo superaddite carmen, Verg. E. 5, 42: laurus superaddita busto, Prop. 2, 13, 33 (3, 5, 17): vitis, Verg. E. 3, 38.

sŭpĕr-ādĭcĭo, jēci, 3, v. a., to put in or add besides, to superadd (post-class.): quartam partem vini, Pall. Oct. 14, 15: piper his, Apic. 7, 4: decem dies observationi veteri, Macr. S. 1, 14.

sŭpĕradmīro, āre, 1, v. a., to admire or wonder at exceedingly (late Lat.), Facund. Defens. 2, 2.

* sŭpĕr-ădornātus, a, um, Part. [adorno], further adorned, additionally ornamented: materia, Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 18.

sŭpĕr-ădultus, a, um, Part. [adulesco], fully mature, past the first period of maturity: virgo, Vulg. 1 Cor. 7, 36.

sŭpĕraedĭfĭcātĭo, ōnis, f. [superaedifico], a building upon, Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 6 fin.

sŭpĕr-aedĭfĭcĭum, ii, n., the upper building, Ambros. in Ep. ad Cor. 1, 3.

sŭpĕr-aedĭfĭco, āre, v. a., to build upon or over, Vulg. 1 Cor. 3, 12: operationem, Paul. Nol. Ep. 28; Ennod. Dict. 2; Aug. Civ. Dei, 21, 21; 21, 26.
Absol.: alius superaedificat, Vulg. 1 Cor. 3, 10.

sŭpĕr-aggĕro, āre, v. a., to heap over with any thing: scrobem, Col. 12, 46, 4.

sŭpĕr-allŭo (-adl-), ĕre, 3, v. a., to wash over, flow over, Prisc. Perieg. 881.

sŭpĕr-ambŭlo, āre, v. a., to walk upon or over: calcatas undas (Dominus), Sedul. Carm. 3, 226.

sŭpĕrāmentum, i, n. [supero], a remainder, remnant: superamenta materiarum, Dig. 32, 1, 55, § 4.

sŭpĕrans, antis, Part. and P. a., v. supero.

sŭpĕrantĭa, ae, f. [supero], excess, predominance (late Lat.), Cael. Aur. Signif. Diaet. Pass. 9.

sŭpĕr-appārĕo, ēre, 2, v. n., to appear above, Fulg. Myth. 2, 16.

sŭpĕrappārĭtĭo, ōnis, f. [superappareo], an appearance above, Fulg. Myth. 2, 16.

sŭpĕr-argūmentans, antis, Part. [argumentor], arguing over and above, proving besides, Tert. adv. Herm. 37.

sŭpĕr-aspergo, ĕre, v. a., to scatter upon or over (late Lat.): farinam, Veg. Vet. 3, 3 med.: piperis pulverem, Apic. 4, 2; Cael. Aur. Tard. 5, 1, 14: pardus albis maculis superadspersus, Isid. 12, 2, 19.

sŭpĕr-asto (-adsto), āre, 1, v. n., to stand over: superadstantium manibus adtollitur, Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 74 Dietsch.

sŭpĕrātĭo, ōnis, f. [supero],

  1. I. an overcoming, conquering, Vitr. 3 praef. med.
  2. II. An excess: fervoris, Theod. Prisc. 4, 2.

sŭpĕrātor, ōris, m. [supero], an overcomer, conqueror (Ovidian): populi Etrusci, Ov. F. 1, 641: Gorgonis (Perseus), id. M. 4, 699.

‡ sŭpĕrātrix, īcis, f. [superator], she that conquers: CASTARVM, Inscr. Fabr. p. 383.

sŭpĕr-augmentum, i, n., an additional or further increase, Isid. Orig. 6, 17, 23.

sŭperbē, adv., v. superbus fin.

sŭperbĭa, ae, f. [superbus].

  1. I. In a bad sense, loftiness, haughtiness, pride, arrogance (syn.: arrogantia, insolentia, fastidium, fastus): num sibi aut stultitia accessit aut superat superbia? Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 77: magnitudinem animi superbia (imitatur) in animis extollendis, Cic. Part. Or. 23, 81: divitiae dedecoris plenae sunt et insolentis superbiae, id. Rep. 1, 34, 51: abicio superbiam, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 10: in rebus prosperis superbiam magno opere, fastidium arrogantiamque fugiamus, id. Off. 1, 26, 90; so (with fastidium) id. Rep. 1, 32, 48; (with arrogantia) id. Inv. 1, 54, 105; Caes. Fragm. ap. Gell. 4, 16, 8; (with avaritia) Liv. 43, 2, 2; (with insolentia, contumacia) Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 41, § 89; (with importunitas), id. Rep. 1, 40, 62; id. Lael. 15, 54; (with inhumanitas) id. de Or. 1, 22, 99; (with crudelitas) Liv. 8, 33, 11; (opp. moderatio) id. 8, 33, 13: domicilium superbiae, id. Agr. 2, 35, 97: pone superbiam, Hor. C. 3, 10, 9: superbiam alicujus retundere, Phaedr. 4, 23, 21: in vultu damnosa superbia vestro, Ov A. A. 3, 509: silentium ipsius in superbiam accipiebatur, was interpreted as pride, Tac. A. 6, 19 (13) fin.: absit superbia, asperitas, Plin. Ep. 8, 24, 5: nec tanta superbia victis, Verg. A. 1, 529.
    Plur.: secundas fortunas decent superbiae, Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 28.
      1. 2. Conceit, vanity: legatos, velut ad ludibrium stolidae superbiae in senatum vocatos esse, Liv. 45, 3, 3.
      2. 3. Rudeness, discourtesy: superbiam tuam accusant, quod negent te percontantibus respondere, Cic. Fam. 7, 16, 3.
    1. * B. Transf., of things: album opus propter superbiam candoris concipit fumum, the delicacy of white (as a color), Vitr. 7, 3, 4.
  2. II. In a good sense, lofty spirit, honorable pride (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): sume superbiam Quaesitam meritis, Hor. C. 3, 30, 14: nec tantam Vespesiano superbiam, Tac. H. 3, 66.
    1. B. Transf., of things: eadem causa in piris taxatur superbiae cognomine, Plin. 15, 15, 16, § 53; cf. superbus, II. B. 1.

sŭper-bĭbo, ĕre, v. n., to drink upon or after, Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 42; Cael. Aur. Acut. 1, 14, 110.

* sŭperbĭfĭcus, a, um, adj. [superbusfacio], proud-making, that renders proud: manus, Sen. Herc. Fur. 58.

* sŭperbĭlŏquentĭa, ae, f. [superbusloquor], haughty or proud speaking, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 35.

sŭperbĭo, īre, 4, v. n. [superbus], to be haughty or proud, to take pride in a thing (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

  1. I. Lit.: si habes quod liqueat, neque respondes, superbis, * Cic. Ac. 2, 29, 94 Orell. (dub.; B. and K. and Halm, superbe): ut nostris tumefacta superbiat Umbria libris, Prop. 4 (5), 1, 63: avi nomine, Ov. M. 11, 218: patriis actis, id. H. 8, 43: formā multa superbit avis, id. Med. Fac. 34: formā, id. A. A. 3, 103: nimis triumviratu suo, Plin. 9, 35, 59, § 122: honore, Phaedr. 5, 7, 38: superbire miles, quod, etc., Tac. A. 1, 19 fin.
    Poet. with inf.: spoliare superbit Oenides, disdains, Stat. Th. 8, 588.
    Absol., Vulg. Deut. 17, 12 al.
  2. II. Transf., of things and in a good sense, to be superb, splendid, magnificent: et quae sub Tyriā concha superbit aquā, Prop. 4 (5), 5, 22: torus radiis auri, Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 79: silva Phlegraeis exuviis, id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 337: hac (gemma) apud Menandrum et Philemonem fabulae superbiunt, Plin. 37, 7, 33, § 106.

sŭperbĭter, adv., v. superbus fin.

sŭperbus, a, um, adj. [super; cf. Gr. ὑπέρβιος].

  1. I. In a bad sense, that thinks himself above others, haughty, proud, arrogant, insolent, discourteous, uncivil, rude, supercilious, domineering (cf.: arrogans, insolens, fastidiosus, vanus, elatus): reges odisse superbos, Poët. ap. Cic. Att. 6, 3, 7: reges, Lucr. 5, 1222: domini, id. 2, 1091; Verg. A. 12, 236: juvenis, id. ib. 3, 326; 10, 514: victor, id. G. 3, 226: non decet superbum esse hominem servom, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 64: freti virtute et viribus superbi, id. Am. 1, 1, 58: superbum se praebuit in fortunā, Cic. Att. 8, 4, 1: vide ne superbi (animi) sit aspernari ejusdem liberalitatem, id. Fam. 4, 9, 4: atque meo nunc Superbus incedis malo, Hor. Epod. 15, 18: licet superbus ambules pecuniā, id. ib. 4, 5: opibus superbi, Verg. A. 5, 268: utrum superbiorem te pecunia facit, an quod te imperator consulit, Cic. Fam. 7, 13, 1: laudato pavone superbior, Ov. M. 13, 802: homines superbissimi, Sall. J. 31, 12; Auct. B. Afr. 57, 6: eum, qui de suā unius sententiā omnia gerat, superbum judico magis quam sapientem, Liv. 44, 22, 11: non respondere vereor, ne superbum sit, id. 42, 40, 2.
    In a pun on the literal meaning of super: Merc. Faciam ego te superbum, nisi hinc abis. So. Quonam modo? Merc. Auferere, non abibis, si ego fustem sumpsero, I will make you, i. e. one who rides or is carried, rather than walks, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 201.
        1. b. Transf., of things concr. or abstr.: aures, Liv. 34, 5, 13: oculi, Ov. M. 6, 169: arces, Hor. Epod. 7, 5: postisque superbos Unguit amaracino, Lucr. 4, 1179: sceptra, id. 5, 1137: voces, id. 5, 1173: dens, delicate, fastidious, squeamish, Hor. S. 2, 6, 87: corpus, id. ib. 2, 2, 109: inguen, id. Epod. 8, 19: manus, Sen. Med. 205: vultus, id. Herc. Fur. 721: non est inhumana virtus neque immanis neque superba, Cic. Lael. 14, 50: victoria, quae naturā insolens et superba est, id. Marcell. 3, 9: pax, Liv. 9, 12, 1: jura, id. 31, 29, 9; cf.: superbissima lex, id. 4, 4, 10: mutatio vestis, id. 9, 18, 4: vita, Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 48: aures quarum est judicium superbissimum, i. e. very severe, utterly impartial, Cic. Or. 44, 150: scilicet aspera mea natura, difficilis aditus, superba responsa, uncivil, arrogant, id. Vatin. 3, 8: cujus tu superbissima decreta et preces repudiasti, id. Pis. 27, 64: ipsum dicendi genus nihil superbum, nihil elatum saltem ac sublime desideret, Quint. 6, 2, 19; cf. id. 11, 1, 37.
          With foll. inf., Sil. 3, 374; 12, 433; 14, 646.
          Neutr. absol.: reliqua multo major multitudo neque excluderetur suffragiis, ne superbum esset, nec valeret nimis, ne esset periculosum, Cic. Rep. 2, 22, 39: superba loqui, Prop. 1, 10, 22.
          Superbum est, with a subject-clause, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 20, § 45; Ov. M. 13, 17.
    1. B. Sŭperbus, i, m., surname of the younger Tarquin, the last king of Rome, Cic. Rep. 2, 15, 28; id. Tusc. 1, 16, 38; Liv. 1, 49, 1; Ov. F. 2, 718 al.; cf. Cic. Rep. 1, 37, 58.
  2. II. In a good sense, proud, superior, excellent, distinguished; splendid, magnificent, superb (poet. and in post-Aug. prose): quae (virtus) inter hanc fortunam et illam superba incedit cum magno utriusque contemptu, Sen. Ep. 76, 21: populum late regem belloque superbum, Verg. A. 1, 21: animae virtute et factis, Sil. 10, 573: triumphus, Hor. C. 1, 35, 3; 1, 37, 31: merum, id. ib. 2, 14, 27; cf.: limina civium potentiorum, id. Epod. 2, 7: postes, id. C. 4, 15, 7: Tibur, Verg. A. 7, 630: Phoebe superbe lyrā, Tib. 4, 2, 22: sedes Dolopum, Verg. A. 2, 785; Cat. 64, 85: domus, Sen. Herc. Oet. 509: dapes, Mart. 3, 45, 3.
    1. B. In partic.
      1. 1. Superba pira, an excellent kind of pear, perh. the muscatel, Col. 5, 10, 18; Plin. 15, 15, 16, § 54; cf. superbia, II. B.
      2. 2. Olivae, of a very large and plump kind, Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 17.
      3. 3. Herba = chamaemeli, App. Herb. 23.
        Hence, adv. (acc. to I.), haughtily, proudly, superciliously.
          1. (α) Form sŭ-perbē, Plaut. Merc. 5, 4, 38; Ter. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 22; Lucr. 5, 1224: imperare, Caes. B. G. 1, 31 (with crudeliter); Liv. 2, 45, 6 (with insolenter); 37, 10, 2 (with contemptim); 24, 25, 8 (opp. humiliter); 9, 14; 10, 10: Rhodii, superbe commemoratis meritis suis, etc., id. 44, 14, 8.
          2. (β) Form sŭperbĭter (anteclass.), Naev. and Afran. ap. Non. 515, 10 sq.; 516, 1; Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P. (Enn. p. 180, 40 Vahl.).
        1. b. Comp.: superbius, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11: preces alicujus superbius accipere, Tac. A. 2, 37.
        2. c. Sup.: superbissime, Cic. Pis. 27, 64.

sŭper-cădo, cĕcĭdi, 3, v. n., to fall upon or over, Vulg. Psa. 57, 9; Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 3, 70.

sŭper-caelestis, e, adj., that is above the heavens, super-celestial (eccl. Lat.), Tert. Anim. 23; id. Res. Carn. 49.

* sŭper-calco, āre, v. a., to tread or stand upon: tabulatum, Col. 12, 39, 3.

* sŭper-cerno, ĕre, v. n., to sift upon or over: terram cribris, Plin. 17, 10, 14, § 74 (better superincerno).

sŭper-certo, āre, 1, v. n., to fight over, to fight therefor, Vulg. Ep. Jud. 1, 3.

sŭpercĭlĭōsus, a, um, adj. [supercilium], haughty, disdainful, supercilious; censorious, severe (post-Aug. and very rare), Sen. Ep. 123, 11; Arn. 1, 8; Mart. Cap. 8, § 809.

sŭper-cĭlĭum, ii, n. [super and root kal-; Gr. καλύπτω; Lat. celāre, to hide, cover; cf. Gr. κύλον, ἐπικύλιον, eyelid; cf. also, Ang.-Sax. hlid; Engl. lid; Germ. Augenlid]: cilium est folliculus, quo oculus tegitur, unde fit supercilium, Fest. p. 43 Müll.; Plin. 11, 37, 57, § 157.

  1. I. Lit., the eye-brow (good prose; more freq. in the plur.).
          1. (α) Plur.: ex superciliorum aut remissione aut contractione facile judicabimus, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 41, 146: supercilia abrasa, id. Rosc. Com. 7, 20: superiora superciliis obducta sudorem a capite defluentem depellunt, id. N. D. 2, 57, 143: nec sedeo duris torva superciliis, Ov. H. 16 (17), 16: constricta, Quint. 1, 11, 10: torta, Plaut. Rud. 2, 2, 12: conjuncta, Suet. Aug. 79: usque ad malarum scripturam currentia, Petr. 126; Plin. 11, 37, 51, § 138: balenae, id. 9, 62, 88, § 186; Quint. 11, 3, 78; 11, 3, 79; 11, 3, 160: mulieres potissimum supercilia sua attribuerunt ei deae (Junoni Lucinae), Varr. L. L. 5, § 69 Müll.; cf. Fest. p. 305 ib.
          2. (β) Sing.: altero ad frontem sublato, altero ad mentum depresso supercilio, Cic. Pis. 6, 14: triste, Lucr. 6, 1184: altero erecto, altero composito supercilio, Quint. 11, 3, 74: quo supercilio spicit, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 100: hirsutum, Verg. E. 8, 34; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 94; Ov. A. A. 3, 201; Juv. 2, 93 al.: supercilium salit (as a favorable omen), Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 105.
    1. B. Transf., the prominent part of a thing, the brow, ridge, summit (not ante-Aug.): clivosi tramitis, Verg. G. 1, 108: tumuli, Liv. 34, 29, 11: infimo stare supercilio, at the bottom of the projection, id. 27, 18, 10; cf. Stat. Th. 6, 63: supercilium quoddam excelsum nacti, Auct. B. Afr. 58, 1; Plin. 6, 5, 5, § 17.
      In archit., a projecting moulding over the scotia of a column or cornice, Vitr. 3, 3 med.; a threshold, id. 4, 6, 5.
      Of the coast of the sea: supercilia ejus sinistra, Amm. 22, 8, 8; the shore of a river: Nili, id. 14, 8, 5: Rheni, id. 14, 10, 6: fluminis, id. 17, 9, 1: amnis, App. M. 5, p. 169, 34.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. The nod, the will: cuncta supercilio movens, Hor. C. 3, 1, 8; Claud. Ep. ad Ser. 2, 58.
    2. B. Pride, haughtiness, arrogance, sternness, superciliousness (class.; mostly sing.): supercilium ac regius spiritus, Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 93; id. Sest. 8, 19; id. Red. in Sen. 7, 14; Sen. Ben. 2, 4, 1; Juv. 6, 169; 5, 62: triste Catonis, Mart. 11, 2, 1: pone supercilium, id. 1, 5, 2: supercilii matrona severi, Ov. Tr. 2, 309; cf.: contegere libidines fronte et supercilio, non pudore et temperantiā, Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 8.

* sŭper-cingo, ĕre, 3, v. a., to cover over or in addition (late Lat.), Aug. Quaest. in Heptat. 2, 177, 3.

sŭper-claudo, ĕre, 3, v. a., to cover or close up (late Lat.), Adaman. Locc. Sanct. 1, 15.

* sŭper-compōno, ĕre, v. a., to place together upon or on the top: pisces, Apic. 4, 2 med.

* sŭper-concīdo, ĕre, v. a., to cut in pieces over: coliculorum minutias, Apic. 5, 5 fin.

sŭper-contĕgo, xi, 3, v. a., to cover over: lapsos (herbida pondera), Sil. 16, 42: renes tunicis, Cels. 4, 1, 19.

* sŭper-corrŭo, ĕre, v. n., to fall down thereon, Val. Max. 5, 6, 5.

sŭper-crĕātus, a, um, Part. [creo], grown on, adventitious: infusio umoris, Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 8, 125; Hilar. Trin. 6, 5.

sŭper-cresco, crēvi, 3, v. n. and a.

  1. I. Neutr.
    1. A. Lit., To grow up, over, or upon: carcinoma, Cels. 5, 28, 2 fin.: caro, id. 5, 28, 22 init.
      With dat., Serv. Verg. A. 3, 15.
    2. B. Trop.: fortuna quod supercresceret caritati, i. e., might join, be added to, Quint. Decl. 5 14 fin.
  2. II. Act., to excel, outdo: municipalem habitum, August. c. Acad. 1, 2.

sŭper-cŭbo, āvi, 1, v. n., to lie or sleep upon, Col. 7, 4, 5; App. M. 6, p. 185, 34.

sŭper-curro, ēre, v. n.

  1. I. Lit., to run over or beyond: baltei, Sid. Ep. 4, 20.
  2. II. Trop., to surpass, exceed: large vectigali (ager), Plin. Ep. 7, 18, 3; Alcim. Ep. 18.

sŭperdătus, a, um, Part., v. superdo.

* sŭper-dēlĭgo (also separate, sŭper dēl-), āre, v. a., to bind upon or over: spongiam, Cels. 7, 7, 8 fin.

sŭper-destillo, āre, 1, v. n., to drop or trickle upon, Cael. Aur. Tard. 5, 1, 18.

sŭper-dīco, ĕre, 3, v. n., to say in addition, Dig. 12, 2, 13 fin.

sŭper-dīmĭdĭus, a, um, adj.; of a number, half as much more (i. e. that bears to another the ratio of 3 to 2), Mart. Cap. 7, § 761 sqq.

sŭper-do, dĕdi, dătum, 1, v. a., to put or lay over (post-Aug.), Cels. 5, 28, 3 fin.; 5, 8, 7; Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 7 med.

sŭper -dūco, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. (postclass.),

  1. I. to lead or draw over: pampinum, Sid. Ep. 5, 17 med.: novercam tot liberis, to bring or put over, Capitol. M. Aur. fin.: novercam filio, Quint. Decl. 38.
  2. II. To add, subjoin, Tert. Anim. 36; id. Cor. Mil. 11.

sŭper-ductĭo, ōnis, f. [super-duco], a drawing over, erasure, Dig. 28, 4, 1, § 1.

* sŭpĕr-ĕdo, ĕre, v. a., to eat besides or after a thing: betae radicem, Plin. 19, 6, 34, § 113.

sŭpĕr-effĕro, ef-ferre, v. irreg. a., to exalt, extol (late Lat.), Aug. in Psa. 49, 30.

sŭpĕr -efflŭo, ĕre, v. n.,

  1. I. to superabound, be superfluous (late Lat.), Ambros. in Psa. 118, Serm. 14, § 9: mensura, Vulg. Luc. 6, 38: quicquid, Paul. Nol. Carm. 35, 511: PECVNIA, Inscr. Murat. 1772, 8.
  2. II. To be abundantly exalted above: legi supereffluit doctrina Christi, Ambros. in Luc. 5, 34.

sŭpĕr -effulgĕo, ēre, 2, v. n., to be more than effulgent (late Lat.), Rustic. c. Aceph. p. 1250.

sŭpĕr-ēgrĕdĭor, ĕdi, 3, v. a., to surmount (late Lat.): plebeias opiniones, Ambros. Ep. 6.

sŭpĕr-ēlĕvo, āre, v. a., to raise above (late Lat.): se (iniquitates), Vulg. Esd. 4, 16, 77.

sŭpĕr-ēmĭco, āre, v. a., to spring or burst forth over a thing: terram (unda), Sid. Carm. 15, 75.

sŭpĕrēmĭnentĭa, ae, f. [super-emineo], supereminence (late Lat.): dei, Aug. Serm. 40; id. Gest. Pelag. 30, 55; Ambros. Parad. 2, 8: laudis, Hilar. Trin. 11, 4.

sŭpĕr -ēmĭnĕo, ēre, v. a. and n., to overtop, to appear or be above, to rise above (poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

        1. (α) Act.: victor viros supereminet omnes, Verg. A. 6, 857: umero undas, id. ib. 10, 765: fluctus omnes, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 49: quas omnes aspis supereminens, Amm. 22, 15, 27.
        2. (β) Neutr.: ut olivae premantur et jus superemineat, Col. 12, 49, 1; Sen. Q. N. 5, 15, 1: herba paulum supereminens extra aquam, Plin. 26, 8, 33, § 50 (al. semper eminens).
          Hence, sŭpĕrēmĭnens, entis, P. a., rising above, prominent; comp., Fulg. Cont. Virg. p. 146.
          Sup., Aug. Spir. et Lit. 65.

* sŭpĕr-ēmŏrĭor, mŏri, v. dep. n., to die upon, Plin. 10, 2, 2, § 4.

sŭpĕr-ēnăto, āre, v. a., to swim over: amnem, Luc. 4, 133 Cort.: fluctus omnes, Alcim. Diluv. 4, 240.

* sŭpĕr-ērectus, a, um, Part. [erigo], standing overhead: sol, vertical, Amm. 20, 3, 10 dub.

sŭpĕr-ērŏgātĭo, ōnis, f., a payment in addition (late Lat.), Ps. Quint. Decl. 3; 6.

* sŭpĕr-ērŏgo, āvi, 1, v. a., to spend or pay out over and above: si quid forte supererogasti, Cod. Just. 2, 19, 14; Vulg. Luc. 10, 35.

sŭpĕrescit, v. supersum.

sŭpĕr-ēvŏlo, āre, 1, v. a., to fly away over: Alpem, Luc. 3, 299.

sŭpĕrexactĭo, ōnis, f. [superexigo], a demanding over and above, an excessive demand, Cod. Just. 10, 20, De superexactionibus.

sŭpĕr-exalto, āre, 1, v. n., to exalt above others, Vulg. Jacob. 2, 13.
Part.: superexaltatus deus, Aug. Conf. 3, 2.

sŭpĕr-excēdo, ĕre, 3, v. a., to surpass (late Lat.), Aug. Specul. 6.

* sŭpĕr -excellens, entis, adj., very excellent, superexcellent, Salv. adv. Avar. 3, 18.

* sŭpĕr-excurro, ĕre, v. n., to run or stretch over, to spread over, Dig. 43, 27, 1, § 2.

* sŭpĕr-exĕo, īre, v. n., to extend over, Aus. Idyll. 18, 1.

* sŭpĕr-exĭgo, ĕre, v. a., to demand or exact over and above, i. e. to excess: damna, Cod. Just. 1, 55, 4.

sŭpĕr -exsulto, āre, 1, v. n., to leap up, exult greatly, Symm. Ep. 5, 92; Cassiod. Complex. ad Ep. Jacob. 5.

sŭpĕr-extendo, ĕre, 3, v. a.,

  1. I. to stretch over, cause to cover: in aliquo cutem, Vulg. Ezek. 37, 6.
  2. II. To stretch excessively: nos, Vulg. 2 Cor. 10, 14.

sŭpĕr-extollo, ĕre, v. a., to raise or exalt above others, Tert. Res. Carn. 24; Vulg. Psa. 71, 16.

sŭper-fĕro, ferre, v. a.

  1. I. To carry over or beyond, to place or put over (postAug.): pedem parturienti, Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 103.
    Pass., to go, ride, fly, swim, etc., over: pisces, Plin. 9, 16, 25, § 58; App. de Mundo fin.; Tert. Bapt. 4; Mart. Cap. 8, § 882.
  2. II. To carry over or beyond the time: periclitari partus, si superferatur, Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133.
    1. B. To raise high, carry over the head: aurum, Plin. 33, 4, 25, § 84.
      Hence, sŭperlātus, a, um, P. a., extravagant, excessive, exaggerated: verba (with translata), Cic. Part. Or. 15, 53; Quint. 8, 3, 43.

* sŭper -fēto, āre, v. n., to conceive anew while still with young, to superfetate, Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 179; 7, 11, 9, § 48; 8, 55, 81, § 219.

sŭperfĭcĭālis, e, adj. [superficies], of or belonging to the surface, superficial (late Lat.).

  1. I. Lit.: numerus, denoting the superficial contents, Cassiod. Arithm. p. 555; Isid. 3, 7, 4.
  2. II. Trop., superficial: officia, Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 28.

sŭperfĭcĭārĭus, a, um, adj. [superficies], situated on another man’s land, superficiary (jurid. Lat.).

  1. I. Adj.: praedia, Dig. 10, 2, 10: aedes, ib. 43, 18, 2: mathematice, ut ita dicam, superficiaria est: in alieno aedificat, Sen. Ep. 88, 28.
  2. II. Subst.: sŭper-fĭcĭārĭus, ii, m., one who has a house on another man’s land, a superficiary, Dig. 6, 1, 74; 39, 2, 18; 43, 17, 3 med. al.

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