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aspectābĭlis (adsp-), e, adj. [aspecto] (perh. only in the foll. exs.).

  1. I. That may be seen, visible, Cic. Tim. 4: animal, id. ib. 4.
  2. II. Worthy of being seen: nihil esse aspectabilius, App. Mag. p. 282, 14.

* aspectāmen (adsp-), ĭnis, n. [aspecto], a look, a sight, Claud. Mam. Stat. An. 2, 12.

* aspectĭo (adsp-), ōnis, f. [aspicio], a look, a view, Fest. s. v. spectio, p. 333 Müll.

aspecto (adsp-, Ritschl; asp-, Lachmann, Fleck., Rib., B. and K., Halm), āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [aspicio], to look at attentively, with respect, desire, etc.

  1. I. Lit. (rare but class.): hicine est Telamon, quem aspectabant, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 39: Quid me adspectas, stolide? Plaut. Am. 4, 2, 8: Estne ita ut tibi dixi? Adspecta et contempla, Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 16; id. As. 5, 1, 13; id. Am. 1, 1, 114: Quid me aspectas? Quid taces? Ter Eun. 3, 5, 12: Quid me aspectas? * Cic. Planc. 42 Illum aspectari, claro qui incedit honore, is gazed upon, * Lucr. 3, 76: Et stabula aspectans regnis excessit avitis, and looking back upon (with regret), etc., Verg. G. 3, 228; id. A. 6, 186; 10, 251.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. To observe, regard, pay attention to a thing jussa principis aspectare, Tac. A. 1, 4.
    2. B. Of places as objects, to look towards, overlook, lie towards (cf. specto) collis, qui adversas aspectat desuper arces, Verg. A. 1, 420: mare, quod Hiberniam insulam aspectat, Tac. A. 12, 32.

1. aspectus (adsp-), a, um, Part. of aspicio

2. aspectus (adsp-), ūs, m. (gen. aspecti, Att. ap Non. p. 485, 21; cf. Prisc. p. 712 P.; Rudd. I. p. 103, n. 46; dat. sing. aspectu, like jussu, manu, etc., Verg. A. 6, 465; cf. Schneid Gr II. 332) [aspicio].

  1. I.
    1. A. Act., a seeing, looking at, a look, sight.
        1. a. Absol.: intellegens dicendi existimator uno aspectu et praeteriens de oratore saepe judicat, Cic Brut. 54, 200: e quibus (litteris tuis) primo aspectu voluptatem cepi, quod erant a te ipso scriptae, id. Att. 7, 3, 1 hic primo aspectu inanimum quiddam se putat cernere, id. N. D 2, 35, 90: urbs situ est praeclaro ad aspectum, id. Verr 2, 4, 52 fin.: voci tamen et aspectui pepercit, Tac. A. 15, 61 et saep.
        2. b. With gen. of obj. or adj. for gen.: carere aspectu civium, Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17: hominum aspectum lucemque vitare, id. Sull. 26, 74: aspectum civium gravari, Tac. A. 3, 59: se aspectu alicujus subtrahere, Verg. A. 6, 465: ab aspectu alicujus auferri, Vulg. Tob. 12, 21: aspectum alicujus fugere, Sen Hippol. 734: aspectum alicujus rei exuere, Tac. A. 16, 28: si te aspectus detinet urbis, Verg. A. 4, 347: in aspectu earum, Vulg. Gen. 30, 38: violare sacra aspectu virili, i. e. virorum, Cic. Har Resp. 5, 8. in aspectu tuo gaudebit, Vulg. Tob. 11, 8.
          In plur.: sic orsus Apollo Mortales medio aspectus sermone reliquit, i. e. mortalium, Verg. A. 9, 657.
    2. B. Physically, the sight, glance: lubricos oculos fecit (natura) et mobiles, ut aspectum, quo vellent, facile converterent, Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 142: si contendemus per continuationem, acri aspectu utemur, Auct. ad Her. 3, 15, 27.
    3. C. The sense of sight: Sed mihi ne utiquam cor consentit cum oculorum aspectu, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 17, 52’ quicquid sub aspectum oculorum cadit, Vulg. Lev. 13, 12: caelum ita aptum est. ut sub aspectum et tactum cadat, Cic. Tim. 5: aspectum omnino amittere, id. Tusc. 1, 30, 73: res caecae et ab aspectūs judicio remotae, id. de Or. 2, 87, 357.
  2. II. Pass. (i. e. transferred to the object seen).
    1. A. The visibility, appearance: adspectu siderum, Plin. 2, 68, 68, § 172: In sedecim partes caelum in eo adspectu divisere Tusci, id. 2, 54, 55, § 143, where Jan reads spectu.
    2. B. The manner of appearance, appearance, look, aspect, presence, mien, countenance.
      1. 1. In gen.: quadrupes aspectu truci, Pac. ap. Cic. Div 2, 64, 133: Horribili super aspectu mortalibus instans, Lucr. 1, 65: erat rotis horribilis aspectus, Vulg. Ezech. 2, 18: pomorum jucundus aspectus, Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158; id. Phil. 2, 29: erat aspectus ejus sicut fulgur, Vulg. Matt. 28, 3: aspectus faciei illius immutatus est super Sidrach etc., ib. Dan. 3, 19: fuit (Iphicrates) et animo magno et corpore imperatoriāque formā, ut ipso aspectu cuivis iniceret admirationem sui, Nep. Iphicr. 3, 1: Canidia et Sagana horrendae aspectu, Hor. S. 1, 8, 26: apes horridae adspectu, Plin. 11, 18, 19, § 59: (rex) erat terribilis aspectu, Vulg. Esth. 15, 9: lignum (erat) aspectu delectabile, ib. Gen. 3, 6: Bucephalus adspectu torvo, Plin. 8, 42, 64, § 154: Oceanus cruento aspectu, Tac. A. 14, 32 al.
        Hence,
      2. 2. Of shape, the form, appearance: herba adspectu roris marini, Plin. 24, 19, 113, § 173; 10, 39, 56, § 115: super similitudinem throni similitudo quasi aspectus hominis, Vulg. Ezech. 1, 26: quasi aspectus equorum, ib. Joel, 2, 4.
      3. 3. Of color, the color, appearance, look: carbunculi adspectūs nigrioris, Plin. 37, 7, 25, § 95: discolor, id. 31, 2, 20, § 30: Cum color albus in cute fuerit et capillorum mutaverit aspectum, Vulg. Lev. 13, 10; ib. Ezech. 1, 7; 1, 16.

as-pello, ĕre (abspulsus, Fronto, Differ. Vocab. p. 473), v. a. [ab-pello; cf. ab init.], to drive away, remove (only ante-class.): eos, qui advorsum eunt, aspellito, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 5; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 46; id. Am. 3, 4, 17; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 20 Bentl., Fleck.
Trop.: longe a leto aspellor, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 25: metum alicui, Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 4.

† aspendĭos, ii, m., = ἀσπένδιος, a kind of vine, Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117.

Aspendos, i, f., = Ἄσπενδος, a town built by the Argives, in Pamphylia, on the Eurymedon, now Minugat, Cic. Verr. 1, 20, 53; Mel. 1, 14, 1.
Also, Aspendum, i, n., Plin. 5, 27, 26, § 96; cf. id. 31, 7, 39, § 73.
Hence, Aspendĭus, a, um, adj., of Aspendos: Aspendii, ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Aspendos, Liv. 37, 23; Nep. Dat. 8, 2. A harper of Aspendos was distinguished in antiquity for playing with the fingers of the left hand (instead of the plectrum), and on the side of the instrument turned inwards, and accordingly concealed from the view of the spectators. Hence, Aspendius was used proverbially of a man that took more thought for his own than for others’ advantage: Aspendius citharista, quem omnia intus canere dicebant, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 20 Ascon.; cf.: atque hoc carmen hic tribunus plebis non vobis, sed sibi intus canit, id. Agr. 2, 26.

1. asper, ĕra, ĕrum, adj. (aspra = aspera, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299, but Vahl. ad Enn. p. 166 reads spissa instead of aspra: aspris = asperis, Verg. A. 2, 379; aspro = aspero, Pall. Insit. 67) [etym. dub.; Doed. foll. by Hinter connects it with ἀσπαίρω, to struggle, to resist; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 593, regards asper (i. e. ab spe) as the proper opposite of prosper (i. e. pro spe); thus asper originally meant hopeless, desperate; v. also id. ib. II. p. 870; cf. the use of res asperae as the opposite of res prosperae]; as affecting the sense of touch, rough, uneven (opp. lēvis or lenis; syn.: scaber, acutus, insuavis, acerbus, amarus, mordax, durus).

  1. I.
    1. 1. Lit.: lingua aspera tactu, Lucr. 6, 1150; cf. Verg. G. 3, 508; Ov. M. 7, 556; Luc. 4, 325: mixta aspera levibus, Lucr. 2, 471: in locis (spectatur) plani an montuosi, leves an asperi, Cic. Part. Or. 10, 36: Quid judicant sensus? dulce, amarum; lene, asperum, id. Fin. 2, 12, 36: tumulus asperi (sc. saxibus) soli, Liv. 25, 36: saxa, Enn. ap. Cic. Pis. 19; Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; Pac. ap. Mar. Vict. p. 2522 P.; Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Lucr. 4, 147; Ov. M. 6, 76; cf. Leucas, Luc. 1, 42: loca, Caes. B. C. 3, 42, and Vulg. Act. 27, 29: viae asperae, ib. Bar. 4, 26: vallis aspera, ib. Deut. 21, 4 et saep.: unda, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2: glacies, Verg. E. 10, 49: hiems, Ov. M. 11, 490; Claud. ap. Prob. Cons. 270: Phasis, i. e. frozen, ice-bound, Prob. ap. Rufin. I. 375; and of climate: aspera caelo Germania, harsh, severe, Tac. G. 2: arteria. the windpipe (v. arteria), Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136; Cels. 4, 1.
      Of raised work (i. e. bas-relief, etc., as being rough), as in Gr. τραχύς (cf. exaspero): aspera signis Pocula, Verg. A. 9, 263: Cymbiaque argento perfecta atque aspera signis, id. ib. 5, 267: signis exstantibus asper Antiquus crater, Ov. M. 12, 235 (cf.: stantem extra pocula caprum, Juv. 1, 76): Summus inaurato crater erat asper acantho, Ov. M. 13, 701: aspera pocula, Prop. 2, 6, 17: ebur, Sen. Hippol. 899: balteus, Val. Fl. 5, 578: cingula bacis, Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 89; cf. Drak. ad Sil. 11, 279: nummus, not worn smooth, new, Suet. Ner. 44; cf. Sen. Ep. 19: mare, agitated by a storm, rough, tempestuous, Liv. 37, 16.
      Of things that have a rough, thorny, prickly exterior: barba, Tib. 1, 8, 32: sentes, Verg. A. 2, 379: rubus, id. E. 3, 89: mucro, Luc. 7, 139 (cf. Tac. A. 15, 54: pugionem vetustate obtusum asperari saxo jussit; v. aspero).
      1. 2. Meton., of food: He. Asper meus victus sanest. Er. Sentisne essitas? He. My fare is very rough. Er. Do you feed on brambles? Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 85; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 37; also of a cough producing hoarseness: quas (fauces) aspera vexat Assidue tussis, Mart. 11, 86, 1.
      2. 3. Subst.: aspĕrum, i, n., an uneven, rough place: latens in asperis radix, Hor. Epod. 5, 67: aspera maris, Tac. A. 4, 6: propter aspera et confragosa, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53: per aspera et devia, Suet. Tib. 60: erunt aspera in vias planas, Vulg. Isa. 40, 4; ib. Luc. 3, 5.
        Also in the sup. absol.: asperrimo hiemis Ticinum usque progressus, Tac. A. 3, 5.
  2. II. Transf.
      1. 1. Of taste, rough, harsh, sour, bitter, brackish, acrid, pungent: asperum, Pater, hoc (vinum) est: aliud lenius, sodes, vide, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49: asper sapor maris, Plin. 2, 100, 104, § 222: allium asperi saporis; quo plures nuclei fuere, hoc est asperius, id. 19, 6, 34, § 111: asperrimum piper, id. 12, 7, 14, § 27: acetum quam asperrimum, id. 20, 9, 39, § 97.
      2. 2. Of sound, rough, harsh, grating, etc.: (pronuntiationis genus) lene, asperum, Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216.
        Hence a poet. epithet of the letter R (also called littera canina), Ov. F. 5, 481.
        In rhetoric, rough, rugged, irregular: quidam praefractam et asperam compositionem probant; virilem putant et fortem, quae aurem inaequalitate percutiat, Sen. Ep. 114; cf. Cic. Or. 16, 53: duram potius atque asperam compositionem malim esse quam effeminatam et enervem, Quint. 9, 4, 142. And in gram., spiritus asper, the h sound, the aspirate, Prisc. p. 572 P.
      3. 3. Of smell, sharp, pungent: herba odoris asperi, Plin. 27, 8, 41, § 64.
  3. III. Trop.
  1. A.
    1. a. Of moral qualities, rough, harsh, hard, violent, unkind, rude (cf.: acerbus, acer, and Wagner ad Verg. A. 1, 14): quos naturā putes asperos atque omnibus iniquos, Cic. Planc. 16, 40: orator truculentus, asper, maledicus, id. Brut. 34, 129: aspera Juno, Verg. A. 1, 279: juvenis monitoribus asper, Hor. A. P. 163: patres vestros, asperrimos illos ad condicionem pacis, Liv. 22, 59; cf. id. 2, 27: rebus non asper egenis, Verg. A. 8, 365: cladibus asper, exasperated, Ov. M. 14, 485: asperaque est illi difficilisque Venus, unfriendly, Tib. 1, 9, 20; cf. id. 1, 6, 2: (Galatea) acrior igni, Asperior tribulis, fetā truculentior ursā, Ov. M. 13, 803: Quam aspera est nimium sapientia indoctis hominibus, Vulg. Eccli. 6, 21: asper contemptor divom Mezentius, Verg. A. 7, 647: aspera Pholoe, coy, Hor. C. 1, 33, 6.
      Of a harsh, austere, rigid view of life, or manner of living: accessit istuc doctrina (sc. Stoicorum) non moderata nec mitis, sed paulo asperior et durior quam aut veritas aut natura patiatur, Cic. Mur. 29: (Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores et oratione et verbis, id. Fin. 4, 28, 78 (v. asperitas, II. A.): (Cato) asperi animi et linguae acerbae et immodice liberae fuit, sed rigidae innocentiae, Liv. 39, 40: (Karthago) studiis asperrima belli, Verg. A. 1, 14, ubi v. Wagner: Camilla aspera, id. ib. 11, 664; cf.: gens laboribus et bellis asperrima, Just. 2, 3: virgo aspera, i. e. Diana, Sen. Med. 87.
        1. b. Of animals, wild, savage, fierce: (anguis) asper siti atque exterritus aestu, Verg. G. 3, 434: bos aspera cornu, i. e. minax, id. ib. 3, 57; cf. Hor. Epod. 6, 11: ille (lupus) asper Saevit, Verg. A. 9, 62: lupus dulcedine sanguinis asper, Ov. M. 11, 402: ille (leo) asper retro redit, Verg. A. 9, 794: tigris aspera, Hor. C. 1, 23, 9; 3, 2, 10: (equus) asper frena pati, Sil. 3, 387.
    2. B. Of things, rough, harsh, troublesome, adverse, calamitous, cruel, etc. (most freq. in the poets): in periculis et asperis temporibus, Cic. Balb. 9: qui labores, pericula, dubias atque asperas res facile toleraverant, Sall. C. 10, 2: mala res, spes multo asperior, (our) circumstances are bad, (our) prospects still worse, id. ib. 20, 13: venatus, Verg. A. 8, 318: bellum, Sall. J. 48, 1; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7: pugna, Verg. A. 11, 635; 12, 124: fata, id. ib. 6, 882: odia, id. ib. 2, 96.
      Absol.: multa aspera, Prop. 1, 18, 13; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 21 al.
      Of discourse, severe, abusive: asperioribus facetiis perstringere aliquem, Cic. Planc. 14; Tac. A. 15, 68: verba, Tib. 4, 4, 14; Ov. P. 2, 6, 8; Vulg. Psa. 90, 3: vox, Curt. 7, 1.
      Adv.
        1. a. Old form asperĭter, roughly, harshly: cubare, Naev. ap. Non. p. 513, 21; Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P.
        2. b. Class. form aspĕrē (in fig. signif.), roughly, harshly, severely, vehemently, etc.
      1. 1. Transf.: loqui, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; Quint. 6, 5, 5: dicere, id. 2, 8, 15: syllabae aspere coëuntes, id. 1, 1, 37.
      2. 2. Trop.: aspere accipere aliquid, Tac. A. 4, 31: aspere et acerbe accusare aliquem, Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 6: aspere agere aliquid, Liv. 3, 50: aspere et ferociter et libere dicta, Cic. Planc. 13, 33; Quint. 6, 3, 28: aspere et vehementer loqui, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: ne quid aspere loquaris, * Vulg. Gen. 31, 24.
        Comp.: asperius loqui aliquid, Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: asperius scribere de aliquo, id. Att. 9, 15.
        Sup.: asperrime loqui in aliquem, Cic. Att. 2, 22, 5: asperrime pati aliquid, Sen. Ira, 3, 37, 1: asperrime saevire in aliquem, Vell. 2, 7.

2. Asper, eri, m.

  1. I. A cognomen of L. Trebonius: L. Trebonius … insectandis patribus, unde Aspero etiam inditum est cognomen, tribunatum gessit, Liv. 3, 65, 4.
  2. II. Asper, Aspri (Prob. p. 201 Keil), m., a Latin grammarian, two of whose treatises have come down to us; v. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 474, 4.

aspĕrātus, a, um, Part., v. aspero.

aspĕrē, adv., v. asper fin.

1. a-spergo (adsp-, Ritschl, Jan; asp-, others; in MSS. sometimes aspar-go, v. Cort. ad Luc. 1, 384, and Wagner ad Verg. G. 3, 419, and infra examples from Lucr. and Hor.; cf. 2. aspergo), ersi, ersum, 3, v. a. [spargo].

  1. I. Aliquid (alicui rei), to scatter, strew something on something; or of liquids, to sprinkle, spatter over (syn.: adfundo, inicio; never in Ovid, but he often uses the simple spargo).
    1. A. Lit.: aequor Ionium glaucis aspargit virus ab undis, Lucr. 1, 719 Lachm.: Ah! adspersisti aquam, Jam rediit animus, you have dashed water on me, have revived me, Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 15: Euax, adspersisti aquam, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 13: guttam bulbo (with a play upon the names Gutta and Bulbus), Cic. Clu. 26, 71: pigmenta in tabulā, id. Div. 1, 13, 23: corpus ejus adustum adspergunt aliis carnibus, Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136: liquor adspersus oculis, id. 12, 8, 18, § 34: Bubus glandem tum adspergi convenit, id. 18, 26, 63, § 232: corpus floribus aspersis veneratus est, Suet. Aug. 18: pecori virus aspergere, to infect, poison, Verg. G. 3, 419: aspergens cinerem capiti, Vulg. 2 Reg. 13, 15: huc tu jussos asperge sapores, Verg. G. 4, 62: Non nihil aspersis gaudet Amor lacrimis, Prop. 1, 12, 16: sanguinem aspergere, Vulg. 2 Par. 29, 24: nivem, ib. Eccli. 43, 19.
    2. B. Trop.: cum clarissimo viro non nullam laudatione tuā labeculam aspergas, fasten upon, Cic. Vatin. 17, 41: ne qua ex tuā summā indignitate labes illius dignitati aspersa videatur, id. ib. 6, 15: notam alicui, Dig. 37, 14, 17 fin. (cf.: allinere notam, Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17).
      So of an inheritance, to bestow, bequeath something to, to set apart for: Aebutio sextulam aspergit, Cic. Caecin. 6, 17.
      Poet.: alas: lacteus extentas aspergit circulus alas, Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 175.
      In gen., to add to, to join, = adjungere: si illius (sc. Catonis majoris) comitatem et facilitatem tuae gravitati severitatique asperseris, Cic. Mur. 31 fin.: huic generi orationis aspergentur etiam sales, id. Or. 26, 87; id. ad Q. Fr. 2, 10: hos aspersi, ut scires etc., id. Fam. 2, 16 fin.
  2. II. Aliquem or aliquid aliquā re (cf. Ramsh. Gr. p. 362; Zumpt, Gr. § 418), to strew some person or thing with something, to splash over, besprinkle, bespatter, bedew, lit. and trop.
    1. A. Lit.: ah, guttulā Pectus ardens mihi adspersisti (cf. supra, aquam), Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 28: quas (sedes) nec nubila nimbis Aspergunt, Lucr. 3, 20: ne aram sanguine aspergeret, Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88; so Vulg. 4 Reg. 9, 33; ib. Apoc. 19, 13: sanguine mensas, Ov. M. 5, 40; and with de: asperget de sanguine ejus (turturis) parietem altaris, Vulg. Lev. 5, 9: vaccam semine, Liv. 41, 13: Vinxit et aspersas altera vitta comas, the sprinkled hair, Prop. 5, 11, 34 (Müller, † acceptas): imbre lutoque Aspersus, Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 12 K. and H.; Claud. B. Gild. 494: aquā, Vulg. Num. 8, 7; ib. 2 Macc. 1, 21: hyssopo, ib. Psa. 50, 9: cinere, ib. Jer. 25, 34: terrā, ib. 2 Macc. 10, 25 al.
    2. B. Trop.: (Mons Idae) primo parvis urbibus aspersus erat, dotted over with, Mel. 1, 18, 2: aures gemitu, to fill, Val. Max. 3, 3, ext. 1: auditiunculā quādam aspersus, i. e. imbutus, instructed, Gell. 13, 19, 5: aspersi corda a conscientiā malā, Vulg. Heb. 10, 22.
      Esp., to spot, stain, sully, defile, asperse: hunc tu vitae splendorem maculis aspergis istis? Cic. Planc. 12, 30; so also absol.: leviter aspersus, id. Fam. 6, 6, 9: istius facti non modo suspitione, sed ne infamiā quidem est aspersus, id. Cael. 10; so Liv. 23, 30: aspergebatur etiam infamiā, quod, etc., Nep. Alcib. 3 fin.; so Suet. Ner. 3: aliquem linguā, Auct. ad Her. 4, 49, 62: e quibus unus amet quāvis aspargere cunctos, i. e. quibusvis dicteriis perstringere, laedere, Hor. S. 1, 4, 87 K. and H.

2. aspergo (Merk., Müller, Strüb.; in MSS. sometimes aspargo, Lachm., Rib., e. g. Verg. A. 3, 534, acc. to Non. p. 405, 5, and Vel. Long. p. 2234 P.; v. 1. aspergo), ĭnis, f. (in the ante-class. per. com. acc. to Prisc. p. 658 P.) [1. aspergo].

  1. I. A sprinkling, besprinkling (most freq. in the poets, never in Cic., who uses aspersio, q. v.): aspergo aquarum, Ov. M. 7, 108: aquae, Petr. 102, 15: (Peneus) Nubila conducit, summasque aspergine silvas Impluit, Ov. M. 1, 572: sanguis virides aspergine tinxerat herbas, id. ib. 3, 86; 3, 683 al.: Aspergine et gelu pruinisque (lapides) rumpuntur, Plin. 36, 22, 48, § 167: parietum, the moisture, sweat, upon walls, Cato, R. R. 128; so Vitr. 5, 11, 1, and Plin. 22, 21, 30, § 63.
    Trop.: omni culparum aspergine liber, Prud. Apoth. 1005.
  2. II. Meton. (abstr. for concr.), that which is sprinkled, drops: hic ubi sol radiis . … Adversa fulsit nimborum aspargine contra, opposite to the falling rain, Lucr. 6, 525 Lachm.: Objectae salsā spumant aspargine cautes, the spray, Verg. A. 3, 534: Flammiferā gemini fumant aspergine postes, Ov. M. 14, 796: maduere graves aspergine pennae, id. ib. 4, 729: arborei fetus aspergine caedis in atram Vertuntur faciem, by means of the sprinkled blood, id. ib. 4, 125 al.

aspĕrĭtas, ātis, f. [asper], the quality of asper, unevenness, roughness (opp. 2. levitas).

  1. I. Lit.: saxorum asperitates, Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 98: asperitas viarum, id. Phil. 9, 1, 2: locorum, Sall. J. 75, 2: angustiae locorumque asperitas, Liv. 32, 12 fin.; 43, 21; 44, 5 al.: linguae, Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 172: ventris, id. 11, 37, 79, § 201: squamarum, Gell. 2, 6: faucium, Plin. 30, 4, 11, § 32: animi asperitas seu potius animae, hoarseness, id. 22, 24, 51, § 111: ob asperitatem hiemis, roughness, severity, Tac. A. 4, 56: asperitas frigorum abest, id. Agr. 12: densaque cedit Frigoris asperitas, Ov. F. 4, 88 al.: asperitas luti, dryness, barrenness of the clay, Vitr. 2, 3.
    Of raised work (cf. 1. asper, I., and exaspero): vasa anaglypta in asperitatemque excisa, with figures in basrelief, Plin. 33, 11, 49, § 139.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. Of taste, harshness, sharpness, acidity, tartness: vini, Plin. 14, 19, 24, § 120: pomi, id. 12, 10, 21, § 38: aceti, id. 9, 35, 58, § 120: aquarum, the brackish taste of water, id. 12, 9, 20, § 37 al.
      2. 2. Of hearing, roughness, harshness of tone: vocis, Lucr. 4, 542: soni, Tac. G. 3.
      3. 3. Of sight, inequality, contrast: cum aspectus ejus scaenae propter asperitatem eblandiretur omnium visus, on account of the contrast of light and shade, Vitr. 7, 5: intercolumniorum, id. 3, 3.
  2. II. Trop.
    1. A. Of moral qualities, roughness, harshness, severity, fierceness, asperity: si quis eā asperitate est et immanitate naturae, congressus ut hominum fugiat atque oderit, etc., Cic. Lael. 23, 87: avunculi, Nep. Att. 5, 1: patris, Ov. M. 9, 752: artibus ingenuis Pectora mollescunt, asperitasque fugit, id. P. 1, 6, 8: asperitatis et invidiae corrector, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 129.
      Of a rigid, austere manner of life: quam illorum (Stoicorum) tristitiam atque asperitatem fugiens Panaetius nec acerbitatem sententiarum nec disserendi spinas probavit, Cic. Fin. 4, 28, 79; cf. 1. asper, II. A.
      And of rudeness in external appearance, opp. to a polished, cultivated bearing: asperitas agrestis, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 6.
    2. B. Of things, adversity, reverse of fortune, trouble, severity, difficulty (cf. 1. asper, II. B., and acerbitas): in his vel asperitatibus rerum vel angustiis temporis obsequar studiis nostris, Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 3: asperitas belli, Sall. J. 29, 1: remedii, Tac. A. 1, 44.
      Of style, roughness, harshness, τραχύτης (cf. 1. asper, II. B.): oratio in quā asperitas contentionis oratoris ipsius humanitate conditur, Cic. de Or. 2, 53, 212. judicialis asperitas, id. ib. 2, 15, 64; so Quint. 1, 8, 11; 10, 5, 14 (cf. id. 11, 3, 23): verborum, Ov. M. 14, 526.

aspĕrĭter, adv., v. asper fin.

asperĭtūdo, v. aspritudo.

aspernābĭlis, e, adj. [aspernor], worthy of contempt, despicable (ante- and postclass.), Att. ap. Non. p. 179, 33; Gell. 16, 8, 16; 16, 11, 3; 20, 1, 10; Arn. 6, p. 203.
Comp.: aspernabilius, Aug. Mor. Manich. 8.

aspernāmentum, i, n. [aspernor], a despising; only Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 14; id. Pud. 8.

aspernanter, adv., v. aspernor fin.

aspernātĭo, ōnis, f. [aspernor], a despising, contemning, disdain (very rare): rationis, * Cic. Tusc. 4, 14, 31: naturalis, Sen. Ep. 121 fin.: illius, * Vulg. Eccli. 22, 1.

* aspernātor, ōris, m. [aspernor], a despiser, contemner: divitum, Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 15.

aspernor (wrongly ads-), ātus, 1, v. dep. a. [for ab-spernor, as as-pello for abpello, as-porto for ab-porto; cf. ab init.; Doed. Syn. II. p. 179, and Vanicek, p. 1182], lit., to cast off a person or thing (ab se spernari; cf. sperno and spernor); hence, to disdain, spurn, reject, despise (simply with the accessory idea of aversion = recuso, respuo, reicio, and opp. to appeto, concupisco; on the other hand, contemnere, not to fear, is opp. to metuere, timere; and despicere, not to value a thing, is opp. to revereri; cf. Doed. Syn. cited supra; class.; very freq. in Cic.; more rare in the poets): alicujus familiam, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 24 (aspernari = recusare, avertere, non agnoscere, Don.).

  1. I. Lit.: gustatus id, quod valde dulce est, aspernatur, Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 99: nemo bonus … qui vos non oculis fugiat, auribus respuat, animo aspernetur, id. Pis. 20; so id. Fat. 20, 47: regem ut externum aspernari, Tac. A. 2, 1: matrem, id. ib. 4, 57: de pace legatos haud aspernatus, id. ib. 15, 27: hanc (proscriptionem) nisi hoc judicio a vobis reicitis et aspernamini, Cic. Rosc. Am. 53: voluptatem appetit, ut bonum: aspernatur dolorem, ut malum, id. Fin. 2, 10, 31; so, ut quodam ab hospite conditum oleum pro viridi adpositum, aspernantibus ceteris, solum etiam largius appetisse scribat, Suet. Caes. 53: si voluptatem aspernari ratione et sapientiā non possemus, Cic. Sen. 12, 42: querimonias alicujus aspernari, contemnere ac neglegere, id. Verr. 2, 4, 51: regis liberalitatem, id. Tusc. 5, 32, 91 al.; Sall. C. 3, 4: diis aspernantibus placamina irae, Liv. 7, 3: deditionem alicujus, id. 8, 2; 9, 41 et saep.: consilia, Tac. G. 8: sententiam, id. ib. 11: honorem, id. ib. 27: militiam, id. H. 2, 36: disciplinam, id. A. 1, 16: virtutem, id. ib. 13, 2: panem, Suet. Ner. 48 fin.: imperium, Curt. 10, 5, 13 et saep.: Interea cave sis nos aspernata sepultos, Prop. 3, 5, 25: aspernabantur ceteros, * Vulg. Luc. 18, 9: haud aspernanda precare, Verg. A. 11, 106; Phaedr. 5, 4, 4.
    With inf. as object: illa refert vultu non aspernata rogari, Stat. S. 1, 2, 105: dare aspernabantur, Tac. A. 4, 46.
    In Cic. once, to turn away, avert (not from one’s self, but from something pertaining to one’s self): furorem alicujus atque crudelitatem a suis aris atque templis, Clu. 68 fin.
  2. II. Trop.: qui colore ipso patriam aspernaris, deny, Cic. Pis. 1.—
    Note: Pass.: qui habet, ultro appetitur; qui est pauper, aspernatur, is held in contempt, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 792 P.: regem ab omnibus aspernari, Auct. B. Afr. 93: aspernata potio, Arn. 5, p. 175.
    Hence, aspernanter, adv. (qs. from the part. aspernans, which does not occur), with contempt, contemptuously: aliquid accipere, Amm. 31, 4; so Sid. Ep. 7, 2.
    Comp., Aug. Mus. 4, 9.
    Sup. prob. not used.

aspĕro (aspro, Sid. Ep. 4, 8; id. Carm. 2, 418), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [asper], to make rough, uneven.

  1. I.
    1. A. Lit. (very freq. in the poets and Tac., but not found in Cic.): asserculi asperantur, ne sint advolantibus lubrici, Col. 8, 3, 6: tum enim (apes) propter laborem asperantur ac macescunt, become rough, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 20: cum torpent apes, nec caloribus asperantur, Pall. 7, 7, 2: (vinum myrtites) limum dysentericae passionis medicabiliter asperare, i. e. excrementa solidiora reddere, id. 3, 31, 2: Et glacialis hiemps aquilonibus asperat undas, throws into commotion, Verg. A. 3, 285; so Luc. 8, 195; Val. Fl. 2, 435: Minervae pectus asperare hydris, Prud. περὶ στεφ. 14, 275.
    2. B. Transf., to furnish with a rough, wounding exterior (cf. 1. asper, I.): sagittas inopiā ferri ossibus asperant, to point, Tac. G. 46.
      Hence, also, to whet, to sharpen: pugionem vetustate obtusum asperari saxo jussit, Tac. A. 15, 54: abruptaque saxa asperat, Luc. 6, 801 (cf. id. 7, 139: nisi cautibus asper Exarsit mucro, and exaspero).
  2. II. Trop., to make fierce, to rouse up, excite, exasperate: indomitos praeceps discordia fratres asperat, Stat. Th. 1, 137: hunc quoque asperavere carmina in saevitiam, Tac. A. 1, 72 fin.; 3, 12: ubi asperatum Vitellium satis patuit iis, qui etc., id. H. 3, 38: ne lenire neve asperare crimina videretur, to make more severe, to aggravate, heighten, id. A. 2, 29: iram victoris, id. H. 2, 48.

aspersĭo, ōnis, f. [aspergo], a sprinkling upon, a sprinkling.

  1. I. Lit.: aspersione aquae, Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 24; Macr. S. 3, 1: sanguinis aspersio, Vulg. Heb. 12, 24; ib. 1 Pet. 1, 2: pulveris, ib. 3 Reg. 20, 28.
    Of the laying on of colors: aspersio fortuita, Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23.
  2. II. Trop.: ut sint in aquam aspersionis, for a water of scattering, separation, Vulg. Num. 19, 9.

1. aspersus (adsp-), a, um, Part. of aspergo.

2. aspersus (adsp-, Jan), ūs, m. [aspergo], a sprinkling upon (used only in the abl., and perh. only in Plin.): calidae aquae adspersu, Plin. 8, 37, 56, § 134: insecta olei adspersu necantur, id. 11, 53, 115, § 279: aceti adspersu, id. 13, 12, 26, § 82 al.

aspĕrūgo, ĭnis, f. [asper], a plant with prickly leaves: Asperugo procumbens, Linn.: similis (lappaginis), sed asperioribus foliis asperugo, Plin. 26, 10, 65, § 102.

asprĭtūdo (asperĭtūdo, App. M. 1, p. 103, 20), ĭnis, f. [asper], roughness: modo circa totum corpus partemve aspritudo quaedam fit, Cels. 5, 28, 15: aspritudo oculorum, id. 6, 6, 26; 7, 7, 15 Daremb. al.