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sŭb (on the form sus from subs v. infra, III.), prep. with acc. and abl. [perh. for es-ub, ens-ub, = ἐνς (εις) and ὑπό; Sanscr. upa; cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 290], under.

  1. I. With abl., to point out the object under which a thing is situated or takes place (Gr. ὑπό, with dat. or gen.), under, below, beneath, underneath.
    1. A. Of space: si essent, qui sub terrā semper habitavissent … nec tamen exissent umquam supra terram, Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95; Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 72: sub aquā, id. Cas. 2, 6, 28: sub vestimentis, id. Ep. 2, 2, 32; Liv. 1, 58; cf.: saepe est sub palliolo sordido sapientia, Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 23, 56: ingenium ingens Inculto latet hoc sub corpore, Hor. S. 1, 3, 34: sub pellibus hiemare, Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 5; cf. Liv. 23, 18, 15: manet sub Jove frigido Venator, Hor. C. 1, 1, 25: sub divo moreris, id. ib. 2, 3, 23: vitam sub divo agat, id. ib. 3, 2, 5 (v. divus, II.): sub terrā vivi demissi sunt, Liv. 22, 57: sub hoc jugo dictator Aequos misit, id. 3, 28, 11: pone (me) sub curru nimium propinqui Solis, Hor. C. 1, 22, 21 et saep.
      Trop.: non parvum sub hoc verbo furtum latet, Cic. Agr. 3, 3, 12.
      1. 2. Transf., of lofty objects, at the foot of which, or in whose immediate neighborhood, any thing is situated, under, below, beneath, at the foot of, at, by, near, before: sub monte consedit, Caes. B. G. 1, 48; so, sub monte considere, id. ib. 1, 21: sub colle constituere, id. ib. 7, 49: sub montis radicibus esse, id. ib. 7, 36 al.: sub ipsis Numantiae moenibus, Cic. Rep. 1, 11, 17: est ager sub urbe, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 107; so, sub urbe, Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 26; Varr. R. R. 1, 50, 2; Hor. C. 3, 19, 4: sub Veteribus, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 19: sub Novis, Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 266 Orell. N. cr.; id. Ac. 2, 22, 70 Goer. N. cr.; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 59 Müll.: sub basilicā, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 11 et saep.
        Trop.: sub oculis domini suam probare operam studebant, Caes. B. C. 1, 57 fin.: omnia sub oculis erant, Liv. 4, 28; cf. Vell. 2, 21, 3: classem sub ipso ore urbis incendit, Flor. 2, 15.
    2. B. Of time, in, within, during, at, by: ne sub ipsā profectione milites oppidum irrumperent, Caes. B. C. 1, 27: sub decessu suo, Hirt. B. G. 8, 49: sub luce, Ov. M. 1, 494; Hor. A. P. 363; Liv. 25, 24: sub eodem tempore, Ov. F. 5, 491: sub somno, Cels. 3, 18 med. al.
    3. C. In other relations, where existence under or in the immediate vicinity of any thing may be conceived.
      1. 1. Under, in rank or order; hence, next to, immediately after: Euryalumque Helymus sequitur; quo deinde sub ipso Ecce volat calcemque terit jam calce Diores, Verg. A. 5, 322.
      2. 2. In gen., of subjection, domination, stipulation, influence, effect, reason, etc., under, beneath, with: omnes ordine sub signis ducam legiones meas, under my standards, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 71: sub armis vitam cernere, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 6, § 81 Müll. (Trag. v. 297 Vahl.); so, sub armis, Caes. B. C. 1, 41; 1, 42: sub sarcinis, id. B. G. 2, 17; 3, 24: sub onere, id. B. C. 1, 66 et saep.
      3. 3. Trop., under, subject to, in the power of; during, in the time of, upon, etc.: sub Veneris regno vapulo, non sub Jovis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 13: sub regno esse, Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60: sub imperio alicujus esse, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 4: sub dicione atque imperio alicujus esse, Caes. B. G. 1, 31; Auct. B. Alex. 66, 6; Sall. J. 13, 1; Nep. Con. 4, 4; id. Eum. 7, 1; cf.: sub Corbulone Armenios pellere, Tac. H. 3, 24: sub manu alicujus esse, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 2; sub rege, Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43; Hor. C. 3, 5, 9: sub Hannibale, Liv. 25, 40: sub dominā meretrice, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 25: sub nutrice, id. ib. 2, 1, 99: sub judice lis est, id. A. P. 78: praecipua sub Domitiano miseriarum pars erat, during the reign of, Tac. Agr. 45: scripsit sub Nerone novissimis annis, Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 5: gnarus sub Nerone temporum, Tac. Agr. 6; Suet. Tit. 8 et saep.: sub vulnere, from the effects of the wound, Ov. M. 5, 62; cf.: sub judice, under, id. ib. 13, 190: nullo sub indice, forced by no betrayer, id. ib. 13, 34.
        So in certain phrases where the simple abl. is more freq.: sub pacto abolitionis dominationem deponere, Quint. 9, 2, 97: sub condicione, Liv. 6, 40, 8 Weissenb. ad loc.: sub condicionibus, id. 21, 12, 4: sub eā condicione, ne cui fidem meam obstringam, Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 11: sub eā condicione, si esset, etc., id. ib. 8, 18, 4; so, sub condicione, ut (ne, si, etc.), Suet. Tib. 44; 13; id. Caes. 68; id. Claud. 24; id. Vit. 6: sub specie (= specie, or per speciem): sub specie infidae pacis quieti, Liv. 9, 45, 5; 36, 7, 12; 44, 24, 4: sub tutelae specie, Curt. 10, 6, 21; Sen. Ben. 1, 4, 2; cf.: sub nomine pacis bellum latet, Cic. Phil. 12, 7, 17: sub alienis auspiciis rem gerere, Val. Max. 3, 2, 6: sub lege, ne, Suet. Aug. 21: sub exceptione, si, id. Caes. 78: sub poenā mortis, id. Calig. 48: servitutis, id. Tib. 36 et saep.: sub frigido sudore mori, Cels. 5, 26, 31 fin.
  2. II. With acc., to point out the object under which a thing comes, goes, extends, etc. (Gr. ὑπό, with acc.), under, below, beneath.
    1. A. Of space, usually with verbs of motion: et datores et factores omnes subdam sub solum, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 18: manum sub vestimenta deferre, id. Bacch. 3, 3, 78: cum tota se luna sub orbem solis subjecisset, Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25: exercitum sub jugum mittere, Caes. B. G. 1, 7; 1, 12; Sall. J. 38, 9 Dietsch ad loc.: sub furcam ire, Hor. S. 2, 7, 66: sub divum rapere, id. C. 1, 18, 13: sub terras ire, Verg. A. 4, 654.
      Trop.: sub judicium sapientis et delectum cadunt, Cic. Fin. 3, 18, 61: quae sub sensus subjecta sunt, id. Ac. 2, 23, 74: quod sub aurium mensuram aliquam cadat, id. Or. 20, 67: columbae Ipsa sub ora viri venere, Verg. A. 6, 191: quod sub oculos venit, Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 6.
      Rarely with verb of rest: quidquid sub Noton et Borean hominum sumus, Luc. 7, 364.
      1. 2. Transf. (cf. supra, I. A. 2.), of lofty objects, to the foot of which, or into whose immediate neighborhood, any thing comes, or near to which it extends, under, below, beneath, to, near to, close to, up to, towards, etc.: sub montem succedunt milites, Caes. B. C. 1, 45: sub ipsum murum fons aquae prorumpebat, Hirt. B. G. 8, 41: missi sunt sub muros, Liv. 44, 45: Judaei sub ipsos muros struxere aciem, Tac. H. 5, 11; 3, 21: aedes suas detulit sub Veliam, Cic. Rep. 2, 31, 54: arat finem sub utrumque colonus, Hor. S. 2, 1, 35: jactatus amnis Ostia sub Tusci, id. ib. 2, 2, 33: (hostem) mediam ferit ense sub alvum, Ov. M. 12, 389: sub orientem secutus Armenios, Flor. 3, 5.
    2. B. Of time, denoting a close approximation.
      1. 1. Before, towards, about, shortly before, up to, until: Pompeius sub noctem naves solvit, Caes. B. C. 1, 28; so, sub noctem, Verg. A. 1, 662; Hor. C. 1, 9, 19; id. S. 2, 1, 9; 2, 7, 109; id. Ep. 2, 2, 169: sub vesperum, Caes. B. G. 2, 33; id. B. C. 1, 42: sub lucem, id. B. G. 7, 83; Verg. G. 1, 445: sub lumina prima, Hor. S. 2, 7, 33: sub tempus edendi, id. Ep. 1, 16, 22: sub dies festos, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 1: sub galli cantum, Hor. S. 1, 1, 10: usque sub extremum brumae intractabilis imbrem, Verg. G. 1, 211: simulacra Visa sub obscurum noctis, id. ib. 1, 478: prima vel autumni sub frigora, id. ib. 2, 321: quod (bellum) fuit sub recentem pacem, Liv. 21, 2, 1.
      2. 2. After, immediately after, just after, immediately upon: sub eas (litteras) statim recitatae sunt tuae, Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 1; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4: sub haec dicta omnes procubuerunt, Liv. 7, 31: sub adventum praetoris, id. 23, 15, 1; 23, 16, 3; 45, 10, 10: sub hanc vocem fremitus variantis multitudinis fuit, id. 35, 31: sub hoc erus inquit, hereupon, Hor. S. 2, 8, 43.
    3. C. In other relations, in which a coming under any thing may be conceived: lepide hoc succedit sub manus negotium, comes to hand, convenient, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 59: sub manus succedere, id. ib. 4, 4, 7; id. Pers. 4, 1, 2: sub manum submittere, at hand, convenient, Auct. B. Afr. 36, 1: sub ictum venire, Liv. 27, 18: sub manum annuntiari, Suet. Aug. 49 (al. sub manu; cf. supra, I. C.): sub legum et judiciorum potestatem cadere, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 144: sub populi Romani imperium dicionemque cadere, id. Font. 5, 12 (1, 2): incolas sub potestatem Atheniensium redigere, Nep. Milt. 1: matrimonium vos sub legis superbissimae vincula conicitis, Liv. 4, 4: sub unum fortunae ictum totas vires regni cadere pati, Curt. 3, 8, 2.
  3. III. In composition, the b remains unchanged before vowels and before b, d, j, l, n, s, t, v. Before m and r it is frequently, and before the remaining consonants, c, f, g, p, it is regularly assimilated. Yet here the MSS. vary, as in ob, ad, in, etc. Before some words commencing with c. p, t, it assumes the form sus, by the rejection of the b from a collateral form subs (analog. to abs); e. g. suscipio, suscito, suspendo, sustineo, sustuli, sustollo. Before s, with a following consonant, there remains merely su in the words suspicio, suspicor, suspiro; cf., however: substerno, substituo, substo, substruo al.; v. esp. Neue, Formenl. 2, 775 sqq.
    1. B. In composition, sub denotes,
      1. 1. Lit., a being situated or contained under, a putting or bringing under, or a going in under any thing: subaeratus, subcavus; subdo, subigo, subicio; subhaereo, subaperio; subedo.
      2. 2. Hence, also, a concealing or being concealed behind something; a secret action: subnoto, surripio, suffuror, subausculto, suborno.
      3. 3. Transf., a being placed or ranked under: subcenturio, subcurator, subcustos, etc.; or a being or doing any thing in a lower or inferior degree, a little, somewhat, rather, slightly: subabsurdus, subagrestis, subalbus, etc.; subaccusare, subirascor, etc.

sŭbabsurdē, adv., v. subabsurdus fin.

sŭb-absurdus, a, um, adj., somewhat or rather absurd (Ciceronian): sunt illa subabsurda, Cic. de Or. 2, 67, 274: subabsurda dicere, id. ib. 2, 71, 289: tempus discessūs, id. Att. 16, 3, 4: incompositus, reconditus et, quo Cicero utitur, subabsurdus, Quint. 1, 5, 65; cf. id. 6, 3, 23; 6, 3, 99.
Adv.: sŭbabsurdē, somewhat absurdly: aliquid subabsurde dicere, Cic. de Or. 2, 68, 275.

sŭb-accūso, āre, v. a., to blame or accuse somewhat (Ciceronian): alicujus discessum, Cic. Planc. 35, 86; id. Att. 16, 7, 1: subaccusa quaeso Vestorium, id. ib. 13, 46, 2.

sub-ăcĕr, acris, acre, adj., somewhat sharp (late Lat.): gustus, Isid. 17, 10, 8.

sŭb-ăcĭdus, a, um, adj., somewhat sour, sourish: vinum, Cato, R. R. 108, 2: sucus, Plin. 12, 25, 54, § 120.

sŭbactĭo, ōnis, f. [subigo].

  1. I. Lit., a working through, working up, preparing (rare): harena fluviatica bacillorum subactionibus in tectorio recipit soliditatem, Vitr. 2, 4 fin.: subactiones ciborum, Arn. 3, 107.
  2. * II. Trop., preparation, discipline: subacto mihi ingenio opus est … subactio autem est usus, auditio, lectio, litterae, Cic. de Or. 2, 30, 131.

sŭbactor, ōris, m. [subigo], a debaucher, polluter (syn. paedico; post-class.), Lampr. Heliog. 31; 5; id. Commod. 3.

1. sŭbactus, a, um, Part. of subigo.

* 2. sŭbactus, ūs, m. [subigo], a working up, kneading, Plin. 18, 7, 12, § 67.

sŭb-adjŭva, ae, m. [adjuvo], an assistant (post-class.), Cod. Th. 6, 27, 3 fin.; Cod. Just. 12, 20, 4.

sŭb-admīrātio, ōnis, f., admiration (late Lat.), Dion. Exeg. Greg. Nyss. Creat. Hom. 10.

sŭb-admŏvĕo, ēre, 2, v. a., to bring close, Col. 6, 36, 4 (dub.).

sŭb-ădūno, are, 1, v. a., to unite (late Lat.), Cassiod. in Psa. 134, 4.

sŭb-aemŭlātio, ōnis, f. [subaemulor], secret rivalry, Ambros. in Psa. 36, § 10.

sŭb-aemŭlor, āri, 1, v. dep., to accumulate secretly, Ambros. in. Psa. 36, § 10.

* sŭb-aerātus, a, um, adj., that has copper underneath, i. e. inside: aurum, Pers. 5, 106.

sŭbăgĭtātĭo, sŭbăgĭtātrix, sŭb-ăgĭto, v. subigitatio, etc.

sŭb-ăgrestis, e, adj., somewhat rustic, rather boorish (Ciceronian): subagreste quiddam planeque subrusticum, Cic. Brut. 74, 259: consilium, id. Rep. 2, 7, 12: ingenium, Amm. 14, 11, 11.

sŭb-ālāris, e, adj., that is under the arms, placed or carried under the arms: telum, Nep. Alcib. 10, 5: culcitae, Lampr. Heliog. 19 fin.
As substt.

    1. 1. sŭbālāres, ĭum, f. plur., the feathers under the wing, Vulg. 4 Esd. 11, 25.
    2. 2. sŭbālāre, is, n., an under-girdle, Edict. Diocl. p. 25; cf. Isid. Orig. 19, 33.

* sŭb-albens, entis, adj., somewhat white, whitish: prasinus, Cassiod. Var. 5, 34.

* sŭb-albĭcans, antis, adj., somewhat white, whitish: palea rubra, Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 5.

sŭb-albĭdus, a, um, adj., rather whitish: pars corrupta, Cels. 5, 28, 8: folia, Plin. 21, 25, 96, § 168; Isid. 12, 1, 50.

* sŭb-albus, a, um, adj., rather white, whitish: sabulo, Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 5.

sŭb-alpīnus, a, um, adj., lying near the Alps, sub-Alpine: montes, Plin. 25, 7, 34, § 71: Italia, Plin. 16, 11, 22, § 55.

* sŭbalternĭcum, i, n., a kind of reddish amber, Plin. 37, 2, 11, § 33.

sŭb-ămārus, a, um, adj., somewhat bitter, bitterish (Ciceronian), Cic. Fat. 4, 8.
Adverb.: subamarum arridens, somewhat bitterly, Amm. 27, 11, 5.

sŭb-ăpĕrĭo, īre, v. a., to open from within (post-class.): nivem, Arn. 2, 84: auriculam sub cutem, Apic. 8, 7, § 372.

* sŭb-ăquānĕus, a, um, adj. [aqua], that is or belongs under water, sub-aqueous: subterraneum et subaquaneum viventia carent haustu aëris, Tert. Anim. 32.

sŭb-ăquĭlus, a, um, adj., somewhat dusky, brownish, tawny (ante- and postclass.): corpus. Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 9: vultus, Trebell. XXX. Tyr. 30.

* sŭb-ărātor, ōris, m., one who ploughs close to any thing, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 227.

* sŭb-ārescens, entis, adj. [aresco], growing somewhat dry: trullissatio, Vitr. 7, 3 med.

* sŭb-argūtŭlus, a, um, adj., somewhat subtle, tolerably keen, Gell. 15, 30, 1.

sŭb-armālis, e, adj. [armus], passing under the arms (post-class.): vestis (perh. thrown back under the arm), Mart. Cap. 5, § 426.
As subst.: sŭbarmāle, is n., = subarmalis vestis, Valer. ap. Treb. Claud. 14; Spart. Sever. 6 fin.; Vop. Aur. 13; cf. subalaris.

sŭb-ăro, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a., to plough close to any thing (Plinian), Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 116: subarata ocius senescunt, id. 16, 29, 51, § 119.

* sŭb-arrŏganter, adv., somewhat proudly or arrogantly: facere, Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 114.

* sŭb-asper, ĕra, ĕrum, adj., rather rough, roughish: ἀλφός, Cels. 5, 28, 19.

* sŭb-assentĭens, a, um, P. a. [assentio], assenting or yielding a little: manus subassentientibus umeris movetur, Quint. 11, 3, 100.

sŭb-asso, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a., to roast a little, Apic. 4, 2; 7, 2; 7, 5; 8, 8: squilla, Cael. Aur. Tard. 4, 3, 6.

sŭbātĭo, ōnis, f. [subo], the heat, brimming of swine, Plin. 8, 51, 77, § 205; Fulg. Prisc. Serm. 46.

sŭb-audĭo, ii, ītum, 4, v. n. (postclass.).

  1. I. To understand, supply a word omitted: subaudito jubeo, Dig. 28, 5, 1; Aug. Civ. Dei, 15, 7; 17, 11; Greg. M. in Job, 33, 17.
  2. II. To hear a little: nocturnis subaudiens vocibus, App. M. 5, p. 167, 4.

sŭbaudītĭo, ōnis, f. [subaudio], an understanding, supplying a word omitted (post-class.), Serv. Verg. A. 10, 80; Hier. Quaest. Hebr. in Reg. 2, 3, 13.

sŭb-aurātus, a, um, adj., slightly gilt: anulus, Petr. 32, 3: tabellae, Schol. Juv. 7, 23: STATVA, Inscr. Orell. 1126.

sŭb-ausculto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to listen secretly, to eavesdrop (rare but class.): subauscultando excipere voces, Cic. de Or. 2, 36, 153: opprime os: is est, etiam subauscultemus, Plaut. As. 3, 2, 40: tace, subauscultemus, ecquid de me fiat mentio, id. Mil. 4, 2, 3: videntur subauscultare quae loquor, Cic. Att. 10, 18, 1: viris subauscultantibus pariete interposito, id. Top. 20, 75.

sŭb-austērus, a, um, adj., rather harsh: vinum austerum vel certe subausterum, Cels. 3, 6, § 61; 6, 6. 8, § 68.

* sub-balbē, adv. [balbus], somewhat stammeringly: canorus, Spart. Get. 5, § 1.

Sub -ballĭo, ōnis, m., Under-Ballio, Sub-Ballio; a comically-formed name: Ha. Tune es Ballio? Ps. Immo vero ego ejus sum Subballio, Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 13.

* sub -băsĭlĭcānus, i, m. [basilica], one who lounges around the basilicas, a lounger: quorum odos subbasilicanos omnes abigit, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 35 Brix ad loc.

sub-bĭbo, bĭbi, 3, v. a., to drink a little, to tipple (very rare), * Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 58 (dub.; Speng. si urnas bibit): si paulum subbibisset, * Suet. Ner. 20.

sub-blandĭor, īri (fut. subblandibitur, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 19; inf. subblandirier, id. Cas. 3, 3, 22), v. dep. n., to caress or fondle a little (ante-class.): subblanditur, palpatur, Lucil. ap. Non. 472, 6; Plaut. As. 1, 3, 33: viris alienis, id. Cas. 3, 3, 22: mihi inani atque inopi, id. Bacch. 3, 4, 19; 4, 8, 35; id. Most. 1, 3, 64.

* sub-brĕvis, e, adj., rather short: folium (saliuncae), Plin. 21, 7, 20, § 43.

sub-bullĭo, īre, 4, v. n., to foam or bubble slightly, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 7, 2; Plin. Val. 1, 11.

subc-, v. succ-.

* sub-dĕalbo, āre, v. a., to whiten a little, make whilish, Varr. ap. Non. 72, 11.

* sub-dēbĭlis, e, adj., somewhat weak or enfeebled: femur, Suet. Vit. 17.

* sub-dēbĭlĭtātus, a, um, adj. [debilito], somewhat enfeebled or debilitated; trop., somewhat discouraged, rather spiritless, Cic. Att. 11, 5, 1 (dub.; better: subitā re quasi debilitatum, B. and K.).

subdēfectĭo, ōnis, f. [sub-deficio], a slight failure: fidei, Aug. Quaest. in Heptat. 6, 30.

sub-dēfĭcĭo, ĕre, v. n., to become more and more feeble, to fail somewhat (postAug.), Curt. 7, 7, 10: in labore, Aug. Serm. 343 fin.

subdēlĭgo, ĕre, 3, v. a. [sub-deligo], to choose (late Lat.), Aug. Categ. 6.

subdescendo, ĕre, 3, v. n. [sub-descendo], to descend lower (late Lat.), Mar. Merc. Commonit. 4, 6.

sub -dĭăcŏnus, i, m., a sub-deacon, Cod. Just. 1, 3, 6; Aug. Ep. 53; 63; Isid. 7, 12, 23.

sub-dĭālis (subdīvālis, Amm. 19, 11, 4), e, adj. [dius], that is in the open air (post-Aug.): inambulationes, Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 11: petrae, id. 34, 12, 29, § 117.
As subst.: subdĭālĭa, ĭum, n., open galleries or terraces; a transl. of the Gr. ὑπαίθρια, ὕπαιθρα, Plin. 36, 25, 62, § 186.
Also in sing.: subdival domus, Tert. adv. Jud. 11.

* sub-diffĭcĭlis, e, adj., somewhat difficult: quaestio, Cic. Lael. 19, 67.

* sub-diffīdo, ĕre, v. n., to be somewhat distrustful, Cic. Att. 15, 20, 2.

* sub -dīmĭdĭus, a, um, adj., of a number, half as much less, less by one half of itself (i. e. that bears to another the ratio of 2 to 3): numerus (opp. superdimidius), Mart. Cap. 7, § 761.

sub -disjunctĭo, ōnis, gram. t. t., a minor stop, colon, Diom. p. 432 P.

sub-disjunctīvus, a, um, adj., subdisjunctive; said of two statements opposed to each other in such a way that neither of them may hold good (postclass.): haec verba: ille aut ille, non solum disjunctiva sed etiam subdisjunctivae orationis sunt, etc., Dig. 50, 16, 124: conjunctiones, Prisc. p. 1029 P.

sub -distinguo, xi, ctum, 3, v. a., to make a smaller interpunction (perh. a colon), Ascon. ad Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 13 fin.

subdĭtīcĭus (later -tĭus), a, um, adj. [subdo], substituted, supposititious, spurious, counterfeit (perh. only ante- and postclass., since the correct read. in Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 27, § 69, is subditivum; and in Quint. 1, 4, 3, subditos): servus, Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 62: Antonius, Lampr. Heliog. 17; Amm. 14, 6, 15.

subdĭtīvus, a, um, adj. [subdo], substituted, supposititious, spurious, counterfeit (rare but class.): de illo subditivo Sosia mirum nimis est, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 198; 1, 2, 35: archipirata, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 27, § 69: fratrem ut subditivum arguere, Suet. Ner. 7.
Subst.: Subdĭtīvus, i, m., the title of a comedy of Cœcilius, Gell. 15, 9, 1 (Com. Rel. p. 39 sq. Rib.).

(subdĭto, āre, a false read., Lucr. 6, 604; v. Lachm. ad h. l.)

subdĭtus, a, um, Part., from subdo.

sub-diū, adv., by day, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 78.

subdīval, ālis, v. subdialis.

subdīvālis, e, v. subdialis.

sub-dīvĭdo, īsi, īsum, 3, v. a., to subdivide (late Lat.): libros, Aug. Civ. Dei, 6, 3 med.: deinde subdivisimus, id. Trin. 3 prooem.: hebdomades, Tert. adv. Jud. 11 fin.

subdīvīsĭo, ōnis, f. [subdivido], a subdivision (post-class.), Cod. Just. 3, 28, 37; 6, 2, 22; Hier. Ep. 58, 5 al.

subdīvīsus, a, um, Part. of subdivido.

sub-do, dĭdi, dĭtum, 3, v. a.

  1. I. To put, place, set, or lay under (syn.: suppono, sterno).
    1. A. Lit. (class.).
      1. 1. In gen.: ego puerum interead ancillae subdam lactantem meae, Liv. Andron. ap. Non. p. 153, 26 (Trag. Rel. v. 26 Rib.): ignem subdito, Cato, R. R. 105, 1; so, ignem, id. ib. 38, 4; Cic. N. D. 2, 10, 27; Liv. 8, 30 al.: faces, Lucr. 6, 1285: lapidem magnetem, id. 6, 1046: manum oculo uni, id. 4, 447; cf.: rem oculorum visu, id. 5, 101: furcas vitibus, Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 32: pugionem pulvino, Suet. Oth. 11; id. Dom. 17: calcaria equo, Liv. 2, 20; 4, 19; 22, 6; cf.: risus stimulos animo subdidit, id. 6, 34, 7: id genus animalium (tauros) aratro, Tac. A. 12, 24: se aquis, to plunge under, Ov. M. 4, 722: colla vinclis, Tib. 1, 2, 90 et saep.: versus, to append, add, Gell. 18, 4, 11; 19, 11, 3; cf.: hic tu paulisper haesisti, deinde ilico subdidisti: quid de duobus consulibus, etc., subjoined, Aus. Grat. Act. 23.
        Esp., of places, in part. perf.: Celaletae (populi) majores Haemo, Minores Rhodopae subditi, that dwell at the foot of Mount Hœmus, etc., Plin. 4, 11, 18, § 41; cf.: Libye subdita Cancro, lying under, Sil. 1, 194.
      2. 2. In partic., to bring under, subject, subdue, = subicere (very rare): Plutonis subdita regno Magna deum proles, Tib. 4, 1, 67: tot subdite rebus! Pers. 5, 124: subdidit Oceanum sceptris, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 42: Hispanum Oceanum legibus, id. III. Cons. Stil. praef. 8: rem tam magnam iisdem tempestatibus, iisdem casibus subdere, to expose, Plin. Ep. 3, 19, 4: imperio feminae, Tac. A. 12, 40.
        Part.: subdĭ-tus, a, um, subject (late Lat.): subditas viris, Vulg. Tit. 2, 5: tibi, id. Jud. 3, 2: justum est, subditum esse Deo, id. 2 Macc. 9, 12: subditi estote in omni timore, id. 1 Pet. 2, 18.
    2. B. Trop., to bring on, furnish, supply; to yield, afford (so not in Cic.): iraï fax subdita, Lucr. 3, 303: id nobis acriores ad studia dicendi faces subdidisse, Quint. 1, 2, 25: irritatis militum animis subdere ignem, Liv. 8, 32: ingenio stimulos, Ov. Tr. 5, 1, 76; Liv. 6, 34: alicui spiritus, id. 7, 40.
  2. II. To put in the place of another person or thing, to substitute (rare but class.).
    1. A. In gen.: te rogo, in Hirtii locum me subdas, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 7: quos in eorum locum subditos domi suae reservavit? Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 5, § 12: judicem in meum locum, id. Dom. 32, 85; Plin. Pan. 25, 3; cf. Quint. 3, 6, 54: immutavit et subdidit verbum ei verbo, quod omiserat, finitimum, Gell. 1, 4, 8.
    2. B. In partic., to put something spurious in the place of another person or thing; to substitute falsely; to forge, counterfeit, make up (not in Cic.; syn. substituo): subditum se suspicatur, that he is a spurious child, a changeling, Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 12: me subditum et pellice genitum appellant, Liv. 40, 9: partum, Dig. 4, 10, 19; cf.: liberos tamquam subditos summovere familia, Quint. 1, 4, 3 Zumpt N. cr. (al. subditicios): abolendo rumori Nero subdidit reos, Tac. A. 15, 44: reum, id. ib. 1, 6; cf.: subditis, qui accusatorum nomina sustinerent, suborned, id. ib. 4, 59: testamentum, id. ib. 14, 40: crimina majestatis, id. ib. 3, 67: rumorem, id. ib. 6, 36 et saep.

sub-dŏcĕo, ēre, v. a. and n., to teach as an assistant, to act as an assistant-teacher for a person (very rare): aliquem, Cic. Att. 8, 4, 1: subdocere grammatico, Aug. Conf. 8, 6.

* sub -doctor, ōris, m., an underteacher, assistant-instructor, Aus. Prof. 22.

subdŏlē, adv., v. subdolus fin.

sub-dŏlens, entis, adj. [sub-doleo], somewhat painful: faucium sensus, Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 2, 7.

subdŏlōsĭtas, ātis, f. [sub-dolosus], craft, cunning, Isid. 10, n. 229.

subdŏlōsus, a, um, adj. [sub-dolosus], crafty (late Lat.), Cassiod. in Psa. 106, 34.

sub -dŏlus, a, um, adj., somewhat crafty, cunning, sly, subtle, deceptive, or deceitful (mostly ante-class. and post-Aug.; syn.: fallax, astutus): homo et sycophanta et subdolus, Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 72; id. Mil. 2, 4, 2; id. Men. 3, 2, 24; id. Aul. 2, 5, 8; id. Poen. 5, 2, 129: ut viro subdola sies, memento, id. Cas. 4, 4, 5: subdola adversus senem, id. Ep. 2, 3, 13: jugurtha, cognitā vanitate legati, subdolus ejus augere amentiam, Sall. J. 38, 1: occultus ac subdolus fingendis virtutibus, Tac. A. 6, 51.
Transf., of things: animus audax, subdolus, varius, Sall. C. 5, 4: subdolus ac versutus animus, Vell. 2, 102, 1: mendacia, Plaut. Capt. 3, 3, 5: perfidia, id. Mil. 3, 3, 68: oratio, * Caes. B. G. 7, 31: lingua, Ov. A. A. 1, 598: modestia, Tac. A. 6, 20 et saep.: pellacia ponti, Lucr. 2, 560; 5, 1003; cf.: ea loci forma incertis vadis subdola et nobis adversa, Tac. H. 5, 14: tendit rete subdolum turdis, Mart. 3, 58, 26.
Adv.: subdŏlē, somewhat craftily, cunningly, or deceitfully: subdole blanditur, Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12: nihil subdole, nihil versute, Cic. Brut. 9, 35.

* sub -dŏmo, āre, v. a., to subject by taming, to tame, subdue, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 112.

sub -dŭbĭto, āre, v. n., to be a little doubtful or undecided, to have some hesitation (Ciceron.): antea subdubitabam, Cic. Att. 14, 15, 2: significabant tuae litterae, te subdubitare, quā essem erga illum voluntate, id. Fam. 2, 13, 2.

sub-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 (perf. sync. subduxti, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 25; inf. subduxe, Poët. ap. Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6), v. a., to draw from under or from below.

  1. I. Without the idea of removal.
    1. A. In gen., to draw or pull up; to lift up, raise (rare): brassicam ad nasum admoveto: ita subducito susum animam, quam plurimum poteris, Cato, R. R. 157, 15: aliquid sursum, Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 4: cataractam funibus, Liv. 27, 28, 10: subductis (tunicis) usque ad inguen, pulled up (opp. demissis), Hor. S. 1, 2, 26: supercilia, Turp. ap. Non. 399, 30; Varr. ib. 399, 33; Sen. Ep. 48, 5; id. Ben. 1, 1, 6 al.; cf.: subducto voltu, Prop. 2, 10 (3, 1), 9.
    2. B. In partic., naut. t. t., to draw or haul up on land (a ship out of the water; class. and freq.): navim in pulvinarium, Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 27: longas naves in aridum, Caes. B. G. 4, 29: navis subducta in terrā, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 50: naves regiae in campo Martio subductae sunt, Liv. 45, 42: ab classe, quae Corcyrae subducta erat, id. 31, 22: classis, quae subducta esset ad Gytheum, Cic. Off. 3, 11, 49; so, naves, Caes. B. G. 5, 11; id. B. C. 2, 23; 3, 23 fin.; Liv. 27, 17, 6; 37, 10; 42, 27: classem, id. 45, 2 al.; Vulg. Luc. 5, 11.
  2. II. With the idea of removal implied, to draw away from among; to take away, lead away, carry off; to withdraw, remove, etc. (class.; syn. subtraho).
    1. A. In gen.: ubi bullabit vinum, ignem subducito, Cato, R. R. 105, 1: lapides ex turri, Caes. B. C. 2, 11: rerum fundamenta, Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 42: conjux fidum capiti subduxerat ensem, Verg. A. 6, 524: subduc cibum unum diem athletae, Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 40: et sucus pecori et lac subducitur agnis, Verg. E. 3, 6: pugnae Turnum, id. A. 10, 615; so, id. ib. 10, 50: aliquem manibus Graium, id. ib. 10, 81: aliquem praesenti periculo, Vell. 2, 72, 5: se pedibus (terra), Lucr. 1, 1106: se ab ipso Vulnere (fera), Ov. M. 7, 781 et saep.
      1. 2. Esp.
          1. (α) To purge, evacuate: quoniam is cibus subduceret sensim alvum, Gell. 4, 11, 4; so, alvum, Cels. 3, 4.
          2. (β) Vela celeriter, to take in, furl, Auct. B. Alex. 45, 3: rem de judicio, Dig. 10, 2, 14.
    2. B. Milit. t. t., to draw off forces from one position to another (class.): cohortes aliquot subductas ex dextro cornu post aciem circumducit, Liv. 27, 48: Numidas ex mediā acie, id. 22, 48: triarios ex postremā acie, id. 44, 37: subductis ordinibus, id. 36, 18; cf. id. 40, 30: ab his centuriones omnes lectos et evocatos … in primam aciem subducit, Sall. C. 59, 3: copias in proximum collem subducit, Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 1, 22: milites pleno gradu in collem, Sall. J. 98, 4: agmen in aequiorem locum, Liv. 7, 34.
    3. C. With the idea of stealth or secrecy.
      1. 1. To take away secretly or by stealth, to steal, hide: Atreus quam (pecudem auream) sibi Thyestem subduxe queritur, Poët. ap. Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 6: alicui anulum, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 81: subducta viatica plorat, Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 54: post ignem aethereā domo Subductum, id. C. 1, 3, 30: nec mihi rivalis subducit certos amores, Prop. 1, 8, 45: saccularii partem subducunt, partem subtrahunt, Dig. 47, 11, 7: obsides furto, Liv. 9, 11: cubiculum subductum omnibus ventis, secured against, Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 10.
      2. 2. Esp., with se, me, etc., to take one’s self away by stealth, withdraw, steal away: tempus est subducere hinc me, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 62: clam te subduxti mihi, Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 25: de circulo se subduxit, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 4, 1: modo se subducere ab ipso Vulnere visa fera est, Ov. M. 7, 781: se clam, Nep. Alcib. 4, 4; Auct. B. Afr. 93, 1: at nos quaerimus illa (verba), tamquam lateant semper seseque subducant, Quint. 8, prooem. § 21.
        Poet.: neve terra se pedibus subducat, Lucr. 1, 1106: quā se subducere colles Incipiunt, i. e. to slope down gradually, Verg. E. 9, 7; cf. mid.: fons subducitur, i. e. loses itself, Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 39.
  3. III. Trop.
      1. 1. Rationem, to draw up, cast up, reckon, compute, calculate, or balance an account (by subtracting one set of items from another; class.; esp. freq. in Cic.): subduxi ratiunculam, Quantum aeris mihi sit, quantumque alieni siet, Plaut. Curc. 3, 1; cf.: intus subducam ratiunculam, quantillum argenti mi siet, id. Capt. 1, 2, 89: subducamus summam, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 11; cf.: assidunt, subducunt: ad numum convenit, id. ib. 5, 21, 12.
      2. 2. In gen.: rationem, to deliberate, calculate: rationibus subductis summam feci cogitationum mearum, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10: Medea et Atreus … initā subductāque ratione nefaria scelera meditantes, id. N. D. 3, 29, 71; cf.: ineundis subducendisque rationibus, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 399, 16; for which also, calculis subductis, id. Fin. 2, 19, 60: bene subductā ratione, Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 1: hoc quid intersit, si tuos digitos novi, certe habes subductum, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 31.
        Hence, subductus, a, um, P. a.
    1. A. (Acc. to I. A.) Raised, elevated, upturned: quod vituperones suos subducti supercilii carptores appellavit (Laevius), Gell. 19, 7, 16.
    2. B. (Acc. to II. A. 1.) Withdrawn, removed, remote, = remotus (post-Aug. and very rare): terra subductior, Mart. Cap. 6, § 591.

subductārĭus, a, um, adj. [subduco, I.], that serves for drawing up: funes, hoisting-ropes, lifts, Cato, R. R. 12; 68; 135, 3.

subductĭo, ōnis, f. [subduco, I.].

  1. I. (Acc. to subduco, I. B. 1.) Naut. t. t., a hauling ashore of a ship: ad celeritatem onerandi subductionesque paulo facit humiliores (naves), * Caes. B. G. 5, 1: navium, Vitr. 10, 2, 10.
  2. * II. (Acc. to subduco, II. B.) A reckoning, Cic. Or. 2, 30, 132.

sub-ductus, a, um, Part. and P. a., v. subduco.

sub-dulcis, e, adj., somewhat sweet, sweetish (Plinian): radix, Plin. 26, 8, 37, § 58; 26, 10, 63, § 98.

sub-dūrus, a, um, adj., somewhat hard, hardish.

  1. * I. Lit.: (genus verrucae) subdurum, Cels. 5, 28, 14.
  2. * II. Trop., Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 12, 46.

sŭb-ĕdo, ēdi, 3, v. a., to eat, waste, or wear away below: e scopulo, quem rauca subederat unda, Ov. M. 11, 783; Hier. in Jer. 1, 2, 37.

sŭbēlectĭo, ōnis, f. [sub-eligo], a further selection (late Lat.): subelectio est quando de bonis electis eliguntur meliores, Ps.Aug. ad Frater. Erem. Serm. 39.

sŭbēlĭgo, ĕre, 3, v. a., to choose further (late Lat.), Ps.-Aug. ad Fratr. Serm. 39.

sŭb-ēnarro, āre, 1, v. a., to relate (late Lat.), Anon. [Hilar.] in Job, 2, p. 174.

sŭb-ĕo, ĭi, ĭtum, īre (perf. subīvit, Ov. F. 1, 314; Stat. S. 2, 1, 155: subivimus, Claud. ap. Tac. A. 11, 24 dub.), v. n. and a., to come or go under any thing; to come or go up to, to approach, draw near, advance or proceed to a place; to come or go on; to follow, succeed; to go down, sink; to come up, spring up (cf. succedo).

  1. I. Neutr.
    1. A. Lit.
      1. 1. In gen.: subire sub falas, Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 10: in nemoris latebras, Ov. M. 4, 601; cf.: in aliquem locum, to enter, Auct. B. Alex. 74, 4: in adversum Romani subiere, Liv. 1, 12, 1: in adversos montes, id. 41, 18, 11: testudine factā subeunt, advance, Caes. B. G. 7, 85, 7: Albani subiere ad montes, Liv. 1, 28, 5: subire ad portam castrorum, id. 34, 16, 2; cf.: ad urbem subeunt, id. 31, 45, 4; 39, 27, 10; 36, 19, 1; and: subeundum erat ad hostes, id. 2, 31, 4: ad tecta subibant, Verg. A. 8, 359.
        With dat.: muro subibant, Verg. A. 7, 161; so, muro, id. ib. 9, 371: portu Chaonio (with accedere urbem), id. ib. 3, 292: luco, id. ib. 8, 125: dumis, Sil. 5, 283: ingenti feretro, Verg. A. 6, 222: age cervici inponere nostrae: Ipse subibo umeris, id. ib. 2, 708: per vices subeunt elephanti, Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23: pone subit conjux, follows, Verg. A. 2, 725; so Val. Fl. 4, 197; cf.: dexterae alae sinistra subiit, Liv. 27, 2, 7: subeuntis alii aliis in custodiam, id. 25, 37, 6; and: subiit argentea proles, Ov. M. 1, 114: subit ipse meumque Explet opus, succeeds me, takes my place, id. ib. 3, 648: Volscus saxa objacentia pedibus ingerit in subeuntes, climbing, Liv. 2, 65, 4: vel eodem amne vel Euphrate subire eos posse, i. e. sail up stream, Curt. 9, 10, 3; cf.: adverso amne Babylona subituros, id. 10, 1, 16.
        1. b. Of things: stamen a stando: subtemen, quod subit stamini, Varr. L. L. 5, § 113 Müll.: cum luna sub orbem solis subisset, Liv. 37, 4, 4: tertio die mixtum flumini subibat mare, Curt. 9, 9, 7: venae nonnumquam incipiente febre subeunt, the pulse sinks, Cels. 3, 6 med.: subeunt herbae, come up, spring up, Verg. G. 1, 180; so, barba, i. e. sprouts, grows, Mart. 7, 83, 2: subisse aquam in caelum, Plin. 31, 3, 21, § 32.
      2. 2. In partic., to come on secretly, to advance or approach stealthily, to steal upon, steal into (poet.), Prop. 1, 9, 26; Ov. Am. 1, 2, 6; id. A. A. 1, 742.
    2. B. Trop.
      1. 1. In gen., to come in, succeed, take place; to enter stealthily, come secretly or by degrees: in quarum locum subierunt inquilinae impietas, perfidia, impudentia, Varr. ap. Non. 403, 27: fugere pudor verumque fidesque: In quorum subiere locum fraudesque dolique, Ov. M. 1, 130: pulchra subit facies, id. ib. 14, 827: subit ecce priori Causa recens, id. ib. 3, 259: an subit (amor) et tacitā callidus arte nocet? id. Am. 1, 2, 6: subeunt morbi tristisque senectus, Verg. G. 3, 67: namque graves morbi subeunt segnisque senectus, Nemes. Cyn. 117; cf.: duo pariter subierunt incommoda, arise, come up, Quint. 5, 10, 100: ne subeant animo taedia justa tuo, Ov. P. 4, 15, 30: regio, quā vero ipsa subit ad Medos, approaches, Plin. 6, 26, 29, § 115.
      2. 2. In partic., to come into the mind, to occur, suggest itself: omnes sententiae verbaque omnia sub acumen stili subeant et succedant necesse est, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 151: cum in loca aliqua post tempus reversi sumus, quae in his fecerimus, reminiscimur personaeque subeunt, Quint. 11, 2, 17: cum subeant audita aut cognita nobis, Ov. M. 15, 307: subit umbra, id. ib. 12, 591: subeunt illi fratresque parensque, id. ib. 11. 542: subiit cari genitoris imago … subiit deserta Creusa Et direpta domus et parvi casus Iuli, Verg. A. 2, 560 sq.; Tac. A. 1, 13: subeant animo Latmia saxa tuo, Ov. H. 18, 62: ne subeant animo taedia, id. P. 4, 15, 30: quantum subire animo sustinueris, tantum tecum auferas, to grasp with the mind, Val. Max. 3, 3, ext. 7.
          1. (β) Subit, with subj.- or rel.-clause (poet. and in postAug. prose), Ov. M. 2, 755: quo magis ac magis admirari subit, Plin. 12, prooem. § 2; 35, 7, 31, § 49: misereri sortis humanae subit, id. 25, 3, 7, § 23: quid sim, quid fuerimque subit, Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 38.
  2. II. Act.
    1. A. Lit.
      1. 1. In gen., to come or go under, to enter; to submit to; to approach, etc.: exercitatissimi in armis, qui inter annos XIV. tectum non subissent, had not come under a roof, Caes. B. G. 1, 36: tecta, Quint. 2, 16, 6; Ov. M. 6, 669: jam subeunt Triviae lucos atque aurea tecta, Verg. A. 6, 13: limina victor Alcides subiit, id. ib. 8, 363: domos, Ov. M. 1, 121: penates, id. ib. 5, 650: macra cavum repetes artum, quem macra subisti, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 33: cum novies subiere paludem, had plunged under, Ov. M. 15, 358; id. F. 1, 314: et juncti currum dominae subiere leones, Verg. A. 3, 313: leones jugum subeant, Plin. 10, 45, 62, § 128: asellus gravius dorso subiit onus, i. e. submits to, receives, Hor. S. 1, 9, 21: subire iniquissimum locum, Caes. B. G. 2, 27: iniquum locum, Auct. B. Alex. 76, 2; id. B. Hisp. 24, 3: collem, to go up, mount, climb, scale, Hirt. B. G. 8, 15: consules utrimque aciem subeuntium jam muros adgrediuntur, Liv. 7, 12, 3: muros, id. 27, 18: impositum saxis Anxur, Hor. S. 1, 5, 25: si subeuntur prospera castra, Juv. 16, 2 et saep.: perfurit, Fadumque Herbesumque subit, comes up to, attacks, assails, Verg. A. 9, 344; cf.: interim fallendus est judex et variis artibus subeundus, Quint. 4, 5, 5: precibus commota Tonantem Juno subit, approaches, Stat. Th. 9, 510: subit ille minantem, id. ib. 8, 84: Aeneae mucronem, Verg. A. 10, 798: qui procul hostium conspectu subibant aquam, Curt. 4, 13, 10: Hispo subit juvenes, i. e. paedicat, Juv. 2, 50.
        1. b. Of things: umbra subit terras, Ov. M. 11, 61: quos (lucos) aquae subeunt et aurae, enter, Hor. C. 3, 4, 8: montes Trasimenus, Liv. 22, 4, 2: litora pelagus, Mel. praef. 2: mare quod Ciliciam subit, Curt. 7, 3, 19: radices (petrae) Indus amnis subit, id. 8, 11, 7: clarus subit Alba Latinum, succeeds, Ov. M. 14, 612 (al. clarus subit ecce Latinum Epytus); cf. id. ib. 1, 114: furcas subiere columnae, come into the place of, succeed, id. ib. 8, 700: aqua subit altitudinem exortus sui, rises to, reaches, Plin. 31, 6, 31, § 57: lunamque deficere cum aut terram subiret aut sole premeretur, Curt. 4, 10, 5.
      2. 2. In partic., to approach secretly, to steal upon or into (cf. supra, I. A. 2.): multi Nomine divorum thalamos subiere pudicos, Ov. M. 3, 282: subit furtim lumina fessa sopor, id. H. 19, 56.
    2. B. Trop.
      1. 1. In gen. (very rare): sera deinde poenitentia subiit regem, came upon, overtook, Curt. 3, 2, 19.
      2. 2. In partic.
        1. a. To come into, enter, occur to one’s mind (cf. supra, I. B. 2.): deinde cogitatio animum subiit, indignum esse, etc., Liv. 36, 20: ut beneficiorum memoria subiret animos patrum, id. 37, 49, 3: spes animum subibat deflagrare iras vestras posse, id. 40, 8, 9: otiosum animum aliae cogitationes, Quint. 11, 2, 33: majora intellectu animos non subibunt, id. 1, 2, 28: mentem subit, quo praemia facto, etc., Ov. M. 12, 472; 7, 170: subit ergo regem verecundia, Curt. 5, 2, 15: me recordantem miseratio, Plin. Ep. 3, 7, 10: feminas voluptas, id. Pan. 22, 3: horum cogitatio subibat exercitum, Curt. 7, 1, 4.
        2. b. To follow in speech, interrupt, answer (post-class. and rare): dicturum plura parentem Voce subis, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 352: subit ille loquentem talibus, id. Cons. Mall. Theod. 173; id. Rapt. Pros. 3, 133.
        3. c. (The figure taken from stooping under a load, under blows, etc.) To subject one’s self to, take upon one’s self an evil; to undergo, submit to, sustain, endure, suffer it (class.; a favorite expression of Cic.): omnes terrores periculaque omnia succurram atque subibo, Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31: omnia tela intenta in patriam subire atque excipere, id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23; cf.: quis est non ultro appetendus, subeundus, excipiendus dolor? id. Tusc. 2, 5, 14: subire vim atque injuriam, id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41: inimicitiae sunt: subeantur, id. Verr. 2, 5, 71, § 182: maximas rei publicae tempestates, id. Mur. 2, 4: invidiam, pericula, tempestates, id. Fam. 15, 4, 12: nefarias libidinum contumelias turpitudinesque, id. Pis. 35, 86: potentiam, victoriam, id. Fam. 6, 1, 6: contumeliarum verbera, id. Rep. 1, 5, 9: majora Verbera, Hor. S. 1, 3, 120: non praecipuam, sed parem cum ceteris fortunae condicionem, Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7: fortunam, id. Fam. 14, 5, 1: judicium multitudinis imperitae, id. Fl. 1, 2: odium eorum, id. Att. 11, 17, 2: usum omnium, id. de Or. 1, 34, 157: aliquid invidiae aut criminis, id. N. D. 3, 1, 3: quemque casum, id. Att. 8, 1, 3: quamvis carnificinam, id. Tusc. 5, 27, 78: dupli poenam, id. Off. 3, 16, 65: legis vim, id. Caecin. 34, 100: summae crudelitatis famam, id. Cat. 4, 6, 12; cf.: minus sermonis, id. Att. 11, 6, 2: poenam exsilii, Val. Max. 6, 5, 3: simultates, Plin. Ep. 2, 18, 5: offensas, id. ib. 13, 9, 26: periculum, Vulg. 2 Macc. 11, 7: jam tum peregrinos ritus novā subeunte fortunā, Curt. 4, 6, 29.
          With inf., to attempt, try, undertake: adversa tela pellere, Stat. S. 5, 2, 105: clavum torquere, Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 46.
          Hence, sŭbĭtus, a, um, P. a., that has come on suddenly or unexpectedly, i. e. sudden, unexpected (freq. and class.; cf.: repens, improvisus): res subita, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 23: in rebus tam subitis, Cic. Fam. 10, 16, 2: maris subita tempestas, id. Tusc. 3, 22, 52: subita et improvisa formido, id. Prov. Cons. 18, 43: laetitia, etc., Auct. Her. 1, 8, 13: subita pugna, non praeparata, Quint. 7, 1, 35: ut sunt Gallorum subita et repentina consilia, Caes. B. G. 3, 8: novae rei ac subitae admiratio, Liv. 2, 2: bellum, Caes. B. G. 3, 7: incursiones hostium, Hirt. B. G. 8, 11: ministeria belli, Liv. 4, 27: imbres, Lucr. 5, 216: vis, id. 1, 286; 4, 1210: res, id. 6, 1282: mors, Quint. 7, 2, 14: casus, id. 10, 3, 3; Suet. Aug. 73: tristia, Val. Max. 1, 6, 12: silentium, Quint. 12, 5, 3: miles, hastily collected (opp. vetus expertusque; syn. subitarius), Tac. H. 4, 76; cf.: aqua mulsa subita ac recens (opp. inveterata), Plin. 22, 24, 51, § 110: imagines non subitae, not newly sprung up, i. e. old, ancient, Plin. Ep. 8, 10, 3: homo, rash, Cic. Pis. Fragm. 5: clivi, sudden, i. e. steep, Stat. Th. 6, 258.
          Esp., = subito (post-Aug.): non percussor ille subitus erumpet? Quint. 6, 2, 31; so, manūs dux Trapezuntem subitus irrupit, Tac. H. 3, 47: subitum inopinatumque venisse, Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 3: evadere, Flor. 4, 2, 59.
      3. 2. As subst.: sŭbĭtum, i. n., a sudden or unexpected thing, a sudden occurrence, etc.: Lesbonicum foras evocate: ita subitum’st, propere eum conventum volo, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 51; cf.: subitum est ei remigrare, Cic. Fam. 13, 2: si tibi subiti nihil est, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 36: in subito, Plin. 7, 44, 45, § 143.
        In plur.: ut subitis ex tempore occurrant, Quint. 10, 7, 30; cf.: etiam fortes viros subitis terreri, Tac. A. 15, 59: quamvis non deficeretur ad subita extemporali facultate, Suet. Aug. 84: si repentina ac subita dominantur, Sen. Ep. 16, 6: sive meditata sive subita proferret, whether he spoke after deliberation or off-hand, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 2.
        With gen.: ad subita rerum, Liv. 9, 43: ad subita belli, id. 6, 32; 25, 15, 20; Flor. 1, 1, 11.
        1. b. Adverb., suddenly, unexpectedly: per subitum erumpit clamor, Sil. 10, 505; so, per subitum, id. 7, 594; 8, 628; 12, 654; 14, 330; 15, 145; 15, 404: in subitum, id. 7, 527: ad subitum, Cassiod. Var. praef. med.
          Hence, adv.: sŭbĭtō, suddenly, unexpectedly (freq. and class.; cf.: repente, extemplo, ilico): ut subito, ut propere, ut valide tonuit! Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 10; cf. id. Curc. 2, 3, 4: nova res subito mihi haec objecta est, id. Ps. 2, 2, 7: ita abripuit repente sese subito, id. Mil. 2, 2, 21: subito tanta te impendent mala, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 2: cum tot bella subito atque improviso nascantur, Cic. Font. 19, 42: ex oculis subito fugit, Verg. G. 4, 499: cum subito ecce, Cic. Caecin. 10, 30: ut subito nostras Hymen cantatus ad aures Venit, Ov. H. 12, 137; Curt. 9, 9, 19: subito deficere, Quint. 7, 2, 14: quod serenā nocte subito candens et plena luna defecisset, Cic. Rep. 1, 15, 23: tantus subito timor omnem exercitum occupavit, Caes. B. G. 1, 39: subito opprimi, Liv. 41, 3: si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes, Hor. S. 2, 4, 17 et. saep.: subito dicere, without preparation, extempore, Cic. de Or. 1, 33, 150: quod vox et gestus subito sumi non potest, id. ib. 1, 59, 252: neque potest quisquam nostrum subito fingi, id. Sull. 25, 69: aliquid subito ex tempore conjectura explicare, id. Div. 1, 33, 72; so, dicere, Quint. 10, 3, 30; 11, 3, 12: inventa (opp. domo allata), id. 4, 5, 4: cum subito evaserunt, Col. 9, 9, 3: tam subito copias contrahere non potuit, so quickly, Nep. Dat. 7, 3.

sūber, ĕris, n.,

  1. I. the cork-oak, cork-tree: Quercus suber, Linn.; Plin. 16, 8, 13, § 34; 16, 25, 41, § 98; Col. 4, 26, 1; 9, 6, 1; Verg. A. 7, 742.
  2. II. Transf., cork: silvestre, Verg. A. 11, 554; cf.: ut ramale vetus vegrandi subere coctum, i. e. a thick bark, like that of the cork-tree, Pers. 1, 97.
    The tree is called sūbĕrĭes, ēi, f., Lucil. ap. Fest. p. 294 Müll.; cf. Isid. Orig. 17, 7, 27.

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