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vēr, vēris (abl. veri, Col. 10, 129), n. [Gr. ἔαρ, ἦρ, i. e. ϝηρ], the spring.

  1. I. Lit., Varr. L. L. 6, § 9 Müll.; id. R. R. 1, 28, 1; Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 2; Lucr. 5, 737; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 10, § 27; id. Lael. 19, 70: vere novo, Verg. G. 1, 43; Hor. C. 1, 4, 1; 4, 7, 9; 4, 12, 1: primo vere, at the beginning of spring, Cato, R. R. 50; Hor. C. 3, 7, 2.
    Prov.: vere prius flores, aestu numerabis aristas, Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 57.
  2. II. Transf., the productions of spring: cum breve Cecropiae ver populantur apes, Mart. 9, 14, 2.
    So esp. freq., ver sacrum, a special offering presented from the firstlings of spring, which it was customary to vow in critical circumstances: ver sacrum vovendi mos fuit Italis. Magnis enim periculis adducti vovebant, quaecumque proximo vere nata essent apud se animalia immolaturos, etc., Fest. p. 379 Müll.; cf. id. s. v. Mamertini, p. 158; id. s. v Sacrani, p. 321; Sisenn. ap. Non. 522, 17: ver sacrum vovendum, si bellatum prospere esset, etc., Liv. 22, 9, 10; cf. the votive formula, id. 22, 10, 2; so id. 33, 44, 1; 34, 44, 1 sqq. Weissenb. ad loc.; Just. 24, 4, 1.
  3. II. Trop., the spring-time of life, youth (poet.): jucundum cum aetas florida ver ageret, Cat. 68, 16; Ov. M. 10, 85.

vērācĭter, adv., v. verax fin.

vērax, ācis, adj. [verus], speaking truly, true, veracious (very rare): si eris verax, tuā ex re facies, Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 6; 5, 2, 15: oraculum, Cic. Div. 1, 19, 38: saga, Tib. 1, 2, 41: signa, id. 4, 1, 119: sensus, Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 79: visa quietis tranquilla atque veracia, id. Div. 1, 29, 61: Liber, Hor. S. 1, 4, 89.
With inf.: vosque veraces cecinisse Parcae, Hor. C. S. 25.
Comp.: Herodotum cur veraciorem ducam Ennio? Cic. Div. 2, 56, 116.
Sup.: veracissima promissio, Aug. Ep. 6.
Adv.: vērācĭter, truly, veraciously (opp. simulatorie), Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P.; Aug. Civ. Dei, 4, 4; 6, 10; id. ap. Hier. Ep. 56, 3; Ambros. Ep. 17, 1: Platonem acutius atque veracius intellexisse, Aug. Civ. Dei, 8, 4; 5, 8.

Verā̆gri, ōrum, m., a people in Gallia Narbonensis, on the Pennine Alps, Caes. B. G. 3, 1; Liv. 21, 38; Plin. 3, 20, 24, § 137.

(vērātrix, īcis, a false read. for veteratrix, App. M. 9, p. 230.)

vērātrum, i, n., a plant, hellebore, Plin. 25, 5, 21, § 52; Gell. 17, 5, 6; Cels. 2, 12 sq.; 3, 23; Lucr. 4, 640; Pers. 1, 51.

verbālis, e, adj. [verbum], consisting of words, wordy, verbal.

  1. I. In gen. (postclass.): horrea, Fulg. Myth. 1 praef.: undae mulierum, id. ib.
  2. II. In partic., in gram., of or belonging to verbs, verbal, Charis. p. 128 P.; Diom. p. 310 ib.

Verbannus, i, m., the name of a lake in Upper Italy, now Lago Maggiore: lacus, Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 224; 3, 19, 23, § 131.

verbascum, i, n., a plant, mullein, Plin. 25, 10, 73, § 120; 26, 4, 11, § 23.

‡ Verbeia, ae, f., a goddess worshipped by the Gauls and Britons, perh. = VICTORIA, Inscr. Grut. 89, 7; 1017, 2.

verbēna, ae, f. (v. Don. ad Ter. And. 4, 3, 11); usually in plur.: verbēnae, ārum, f.,

  1. I. foliage, herbage, the leaves, twigs, and branches of laurel, olive, or myrtle, cypress, tamarisk, sacred boughs, etc.: verbenas vocamus omnes frondes sacratas, ut est laurus, oliva vel myrtus, Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 120; cf. id. ad Verg. E. 8, 65, where is given the derivation, a viriditate; such boughs were borne by the fetiales, Liv. 1, 24, 6; 30, 43, 3; Plin. 22, 2, 3, § 5: verbenā tempora vincti, Serv. ad Verg. A. 12, 120; by priests suing for protection, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 110; and were used in sacrifices and other religious acts, Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 33; Ter. And. 4, 3, 11; Hor. C. 1, 19, 14; 4, 11, 7; Ov. M. 7, 242; Verg. E. 8, 65; Plin. 15, 29, 36, § 119; Suet. Vesp. 7.
  2. II. A class of plants used in medicine as cooling remedies, including the olive, myrtle, ivy, etc., Cels. 2, 22 fin.; 8, 10, 7.

verbēnāca, ae, f., a plant, called also hierabotane, vervain: Verbena officinalis, Linn.; Plin. 25, 9, 59, § 105; App. Herb. 3.

* verbēnārĭus, ii, m. [verbenae], one who bears the sacred boughs; of the fetiales, Plin. 22, 2, 3, § 5.

* verbēnātus, a, um, adj. [verbenae], crowned with a wreath of sacred boughs: verbenatum infulatumque, Suet. Calig. 27.

verber, ĕris (nom., dat., and acc. sing. do not occur, and the sing. in gen. very rarely; Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 476), n., a lash, whip, scourge, rod (syn.: scutica, flagrum),

  1. I. Lit. (rare; perh. not in Cic., but cf. in II. B.).
          1. (α) Plur.: Tr. Quid me fiet nunc jam? Th. Verberibus caedere, lutum, pendens, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 45: verberibus caedere, id. Pers. 2, 3, 17; Ter. And. 1, 2, 28: adulescentem nudari jubet verberaque adferri, Liv. 8, 28, 4: verbera saetosa movebat arator, Prop. 4 (5), 1, 25; Verg. A. 5, 147; Quint. Decl. 19, 3.
          2. (β) Sing.: illi instant verbere torto, Verg. G. 3, 106: Phoebus equos stimuloque domans et verbere Saevit, Ov. M. 2, 399: conscendit equos Gradivus et ictu Verberis increpuit, id. ib. 14, 821: pecora verbere domantur, Sen. Const. 12, 3; of a top: volitans sub verbere turbo, Verg. A. 7, 378.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Concr., a thong of a sling and other similar missile weapons (poet.; syn. lorum), Verg. G. 1, 309; Sil. 1, 314; Luc. 3, 469.
    2. B. Abstr., a lashing, scourging, flogging, etc. (class.; syn. plaga).
      1. 1. Lit.
          1. (α) Plur.: dignus es verberibus multis, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 71: tibi erunt parata verba, huic homini verbera, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 115: mitto vincla, mitto carcerem, mitto verbera, mitto secures, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 24, § 59: aliquem vinculis ac verberibus atque omni supplicio excruciare, id. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11; id. Phil. 11, 2, 5; id. Rep. 1, 38, 59; 2, 37, 62; id. Fin. 5, 20, 55; id. Tusc. 3, 27, 64; XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 6; Quint. 1, 3, 15; 4, 2, 113; 11, 1, 40; 11, 3, 90; 11, 3, 117; Hor. S. 1, 3, 121: cum positā stares ad verbera veste, Ov. Am. 1, 6, 19: saeva, id. ib. 1, 13, 18: tergum foedum vestigiis verberum, Liv. 2, 23, 7: post verbere, Stat. Th. 2, 143; 2, 172.
          2. (β) Sing.: percutimur caput conversae verbere virgae, Ov. M. 14, 300; Sen. Herc. Fur. 801.
        1. b. Of inanim. things, a stripe, stroke, blow (mostly poet.).
          1. (α) Plur.: turgentis caudae, Hor. S. 2, 7, 49: ventorum, Lucr. 5, 957; 6, 115: radiorum (solis), id. 5, 485; 5, 1104: aquarum, Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 288.
            Of the strokes of oars: puppis Verberibus senis agitur, Luc. 3, 536; Sil. 11, 493; cf. Ov. H. 18, 23.
          2. (β) Sing.: remorum in verbere perstant, Ov. M. 3, 662: trementes Verbere ripae, Hor. C. 3, 27, 24: adverso siderum, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 33.
      2. 2. Trop., plur., lashes, strokes: contumeliarum verbera subire, Cic. Rep. 1, 5, 9: verbera linguae, i. e. chidings, Hor. C. 3, 12, 3 (cf.: verberari verbis, convicio, etc., under verbero): fortunae verbera, the strokes of fate, Gell. 13, 27, 4.

* verbĕrābĭlis, e, adj. [verbero], worthy of a beating: verberabilissime, Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 6.

verbĕrābundus, a, um, adj. [verbero], whipping, flogging, Plaut. Fragm. p. 30 Mai (id. Stich. v. 444 Ritschl).

verbĕrātĭo, ōnis, f. [verbero], a striking, beating.

  1. I. Lit.: flagellorum castigatio, vinculorum verberatio, Dig. 48, 19, 7; 47, 10, 5, § 1.
  2. II. Trop., chastisement, punishment: mirificam mi verberationem cessationis epistulā dedisti, i. e. satisfaction, amends (with reference to an expression previously used: verberavi te cogitationis tacito convicio), Q. Cic. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 27, 1 Orell. N. cr.; cf. id. ib. 16, 26, 1.

* verbĕrātor, ōris, m. [verbero], a beater, flogger, Prud. στεφ. 9, 38.

* verbĕrātus, ūs, m. [verbero], a beating: si (aqua) e sublimi dejecta verberatu corripiat aëra, Plin. 31, 3, 23, § 39.

verbĕrĕus, a, um, adj. [verber], worthy of stripes (Plautinian): caput = 2. verbero, scoundrel, Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 2; also called statua, id. Capt. 5, 1, 31; id. Ps. 4, 1, 7.

verbĕrĭto, āre, v. freq. [1. verbero], to beat often, Cato, acc. to Fest. p. 379 Müll.

1. verbĕro, āvi, ātum, 1 (old form verberit for verberarit, Fest. p. 230, 15 e leg. Serv. ad Tull.; inf. verberarier, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 7; id. Most. 3, 1, 92), v. a. [verber], to lash, scourge, whip, flog, beat, drub (class.; syn.: ferio, pulso).

  1. I. Lit.: So. Sum obtusus pugnis pessume. Am. Quis te verberavit? Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 60: pulsare verberareque homines, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142; so (with pulsare) id. ib. 2, 3, 26, § 66: civem Romanum, id. Rep. 2, 31, 54: matrem, id. Vatin. 5, 11; cf.: parentem, servum injuriā, id. Fin. 4, 27, 76: oculos virgis, id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112: laterum costas ense, Ov. M. 4, 727; Mart. 7, 94, 6; Dig. 47, 10, 5 proöem.
    Absol.: quo firme verberaturi insisterent, Suet. Calig. 26: caudā verberando excutere cibum, Plin. 32, 2, 5, § 12.
    Prov.: noli verberare lapidem, ne perdas manum, Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 41.
        1. b. Transf., of inanimate things, to beat, strike, lash, knock, etc.: locum coaequato et paviculis verberato, Cato, R. R. 91: tormentis Mutinam verberavit, Cic. Phil. 8, 7, 20: aquila aethera verberat alis, Verg. A. 11, 756: verberat ictibus auras, id. ib. 5, 377: fundā amnem, id. G. 1, 141; cf.: sidera (unda), id. A. 3, 423: agros nive (Juppiter), Stat. Th. 5, 390: undas (Aufidus), to lash, Luc. 2, 407; cf.: navem (Auster), Hor. Epod. 10, 3: puppim (Eurus), Val. Fl. 1, 639.
          In a comic pun, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 177.
  2. II. Trop., to lash, chastise, plague, torment, harass with words: aliquem verbis, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 17: ne me ut surdo verbera aures, id. Mil. 4, 1, 204: senatus convicio verberari, Cic. Pis. 26, 63; cf.: verberavi te cogitationis tacito duntaxat convicio, id. Fam. 16, 26, 1: orator in dicendo exercitatus hac ipsā exercitatione istos verberabit, id. de Or. 3, 21, 79: aures sermonibus, Tac. Agr. 41; Petr. 132.

2. verbĕro, ōnis, m. [1. verbero], one worthy of stripes, a scoundrel, rascal: ain’ tu vero verbero? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 128; Cic. Att. 14, 6, 1; Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 187; id. Ps. 4, 7, 63; id. As. 2, 4, 10; 2, 4, 78; 3, 3, 79; id. Capt. 3, 4, 19 al.; Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 3; 5, 6, 10.

vervex (berbex and verbex), ēcis, m., a wether.

  1. I. Lit., Varr. L. L. 5, § 98 Müll.; id. ap. Non. 189, 30; Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 40; Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 55.
  2. II. Transf., a name for a stupid fellow, qs. mutton-head, Plaut. Merc. 3, 3, 6; Auct. ap. Sen. Const. 17, 1; Juv. 10, 50.

verbĭālis, e, adj., verbal, derived from a verb, Pompei Comment. (Keil, Lat. Gram. 5).

* verbĭfĭcātĭo, ōnis, f. [verbum-facio], a talking, Caecil. ap. Don. Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 4 (Com. Rel. p. 37 Rib.).

verbĭgĕna, ae, m. [verbum-gigno], he who was born of the Word, i. e. Christ, Prud. Cath. 3, 1; 11, 17.

verbĭgĕro, no perf., ātum, 1, v. n. [verbum-gero], to talk, chat, dispute: quoties inter nos verbigeratum sit, App. Mag. p. 321, 3.

verbĭvēlĭtātĭo, v. velitatio.

verbōsē, adv., v. verbosus fin.

verbōsus, a, um, adj. [verbum], full of words, wordy, prolix, verbose (rare but class.): verbosa simulatio prudentiae, Cic. Mur. 14, 30: T. Livium ut verbosum in historiā carpebat, Suet. Calig. 34; Cat. 98, 1.
Comp.: verbosior epistula, Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 6: expositio, Quint. 4, 2, 79.
Sup.: verbosissimos locos arcessere, Quint. 2, 4, 31.
Adv.: verbōsē, with many words, verbosely, Cic. Mur. 12, 26; Quint. 12, 8, 7.
Comp., Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 11; Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 5; Quint. 3, 11, 28; 4, 1, 43; 5, 12, 15.

verbōsĭtas, ātis, f. [verbosus], multiplicity of words, wordiness, verbosity (postclass.), Prud. στεφ. 10, 551; Symm. Ep. 8, 47.

verbum, i (gen. plur. verbūm, Plaut. As. 1, 3, 1; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 37; id. Truc. 2, 8, 14), n. [from the root er; Gr. ΕΡω, whence εἴρω and ῤῆμα, what is spoken or said; cf. Goth. vaurd; Germ. Wort; Engl. word], a word; plur., words, expressions, language, discourse, conversation, etc. (cf.: vox, vocabulum).

  1. I. In gen.: verbum nullum fecit, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 58: si ullum verbum faxo, id. Men. 1, 2, 47: qui verbum numquam in publico fecerunt, Cic. Brut. 78, 270; so, facere, to talk, chat, discourse, converse, id. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147; id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 27; id. Planc. 8, 20 al.: spissum istud amanti est verbum veniet, nisi venit, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 77; cf. id. Most. 5, 1, 2: videtis hoc uno verbo unde significari res duas et ex quo et a quo loco, Cic. Caecin. 30, 88: verbum voluptatis, id. Fin. 2, 23, 75 (for which: vox voluptatis, id. ib. 2, 2, 6); cf.: libenter verbo utor Catonis (i. e. origines), id. Rep. 2, 1, 3: verbum usitatius et tritius, id. Ac. 1, 7, 27: verbum scribere … verbi litterae, id. de Or. 2, 30, 130: nec vero ullum (verbum) aut durum aut insolens, aut humile aut longius ductum, etc., id. Brut. 79, 274: si pudor, si modestia, si pudicitia, si uno verbo temperantia (literally, in one word; cf. B. 2. infra), id. Fin. 2, 22, 73.
    Plur.: verba rebus impressit, Cic. Rep. 3, 2, 3: in quo etiam verbis ac nominibus ipsis fuit diligens (Servius Tullius), id. ib. 2, 22, 40: quid verbis opu’st? Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 289: haec plurimis a me verbis dicta sunt, Cic. Rep. 1, 7, 12: verba facere, to speak, Caes. B. G. 2, 14: contumelia verborum, insulting or abusive language, id. ib. 5, 58: ut verbis, quid sit, definiam, Cic. Rep. 1, 24, 38: verba ponenda sunt, quae vim habeant illustrandi, nec ab usu sint abhorrentia, grandia, plena, sonantia, etc., id. Part. Or. 15, 53: dialecticorum verba nulla sunt publica: suis utuntur, id. Ac. 1, 7, 25: verborum delectum originem esse eloquentiae, id. Brut. 72, 253 et saep.: multis verbis ultro citroque habitis ille nobis est consumptus dies, much talk on both sides, id. Rep. 6, 9, 9; cf. id. ib. 3, 4, 7: accusabat Canutius Scamandrum verbis tribus, venenum esse deprehensum (literally, in three words; cf. B. 2. b. infra), Cic. Clu. 18, 50.
    Prov.: verba facit emortuo, he talks to the dead, i. e. in vain, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 18; for which: verba fiunt mortuo, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8 (9), 26.
    1. B. Adverbial phrases.
      1. 1. Ad verbum, verbum e (de, pro), verbo, or simply verbum verbo, to a word, word for word, exactly, literally (Cic. uses verbum e or ex verbo where the exact equivalent of a single word is given; verbum pro verbo of the literal translation of a passage; v. infra): fabellae Latinae ad verbum de Graecis expressae, Cic. Fin. 1, 2, 4; cf. Suet. Caes. 30 fin.: ediscere ad verbum, Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 157: ea quae modo expressa ad verbum dixi, id. Tusc. 3, 19, 44: somnium mirifice ad verbum cum re convenit, id. Div. 1, 44, 99: quae Graeci πάθη appellant: ego poteram morbos, et id verbum esset e verbo, id. Tusc. 3, 4, 7: istam κατάληψιν, quam, ut dixi, verbum e verbo exprimentes, comprehensionem dicemus, id. Ac. 2, 10, 31; id. Fin. 3, 4, 15; id. Top. 8, 35; id. Ac. 2, 6, 17: verbum de verbo expressum extulit, Ter. Ad. prol. 11: verbum pro verbo reddere, Cic. Opt. Gen. 5, 14: nec verbum verbo curabis reddere fidus Interpres, Hor. A. P. 133; cf.: ea sine scripto eisdem verbis reddebat, quibus cogitaverat, Cic. Brut. 88, 301.
      2. 2. Verbi causā or gratiā, for the sake of example, for example, for instance: si quis, verbi causā, oriente Caniculā natus est, Cic. Fat. 6, 12: M. Quid dicis igitur! A. Miserum esse verbi causā M. Crassum, id. Tusc. 1, 4, 12; id. Mil. 22, 60: qui verbi causā post mortem amici liberos ejus custodiant, Auct. Her. 4, 47, 60: ut propter aliam quampiam rem, verbi gratiā propter voluptatem, nos amemus, Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 30.
      3. 3. Uno verbo, or tribus verbis, or paucis verbis, in one word, in a word, briefly.
        1. a. Quin tu uno verbo dic, quid est quod me velis, Ter. And. 1, 1, 18; Cato, R. R. 157, 7: praetores, praetorios, tribunos plebis, magnam partem senatūs, omnem subolem juventutis unoque verbo rem publicam expulsam atque extirminatam suis sedibus, Cic. Phil. 2, 22, 54.
        2. b. Pa. Brevin’ an longinquo sermoni? Mi. Tribus verbis, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 30: pax, te tribus verbis volo, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 121.
        3. c. Sed paucis verbis te volo, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 22; cf.: verbis paucis quam cito Alium fecisti me, id. Trin. 1, 2, 123; cf. also paucus, II. B.
      4. 4. Verbo.
        1. a. Orally, by word of mouth (opp. scripturā): C. Furnio plura verbo quam scripturā mandata dedimus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 5: cui verbo mandabo, quid, etc., Vulc. Gall. Avid. Cass. 10, § 10.
        2. b. Briefly, in a word: postquam Caesar dicendi finem fecit, ceteri verbo alius alii varie adsentiebantur, Sall. C. 52, 1: aut verbo adsentiebatur, aut pedibus in sententiam ibat, Liv. 27, 34, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.; 3, 40, 6; cf. also: rogatus a me etiamne majus quam dedecus, verbo de sententiā destitisti, at a word from me, Cic. Tusc. 2, 12, 28 Ernest. ad loc.
      5. 5. Meis, tuis, suis verbis, in my, thy, or his name; for me, thee, or him: gratum mihi feceris, si uxori tuae meis verbis eris gratulatus, Cic. Fam. 15, 8; 5, 11, 2; id. Att. 16, 11, 8: anulum quem ego militi darem tuis verbis, Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 38; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 79: denuntiatum Fabio senatus verbis, ne, etc., Liv. 9, 36, 14.
  2. II. In partic.
    1. A. Verbum, in the sing.
      1. 1. Of an entire clause, a saying, expression, phrase, sentence (mostly anteclass.; cf.: sententia, dictum): Me. Plus plusque istuc sospitent quod nunc habes. Eu. Illud mihi verbum non placet: quod nunc habes! Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 11; id. Cas. 2, 5, 39; id. Most. 1, 3, 18; 1, 3, 95; 1, 3, 139; Ter. And. 1, 5, 5; id. Eun. 1, 2, 95; id. Ad. 5, 8, 29.
      2. 2. Of a proverb: verum est verbum, quod memoratur: ubi amici, ibidem opus, Plaut. Truc. 4, 4, 32; so id. ib. 4, 5, 39; Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 17: quod verbum in pectus Jugurthae altius quam quisquam ratus erat descendit, Sall. J. 11, 7.
    2. B. Pregn., mere talk, mere words (opp. to deed, fact, reality, etc.; cf. nomen): qui omnia verborum momentis, non rerum ponderibus examinet, Cic. Rep. 3, 8, 12; cf.: verbo et simulatione (opp. re verā), id. Verr. 2, 3, 58, § 133; v. res: dolor est malum, ut disputas; existimatio, dedecus, infamia verba sunt atque ineptiae, empty words, id. Pis. 27, 65: verborum sonitus inanis, id. de Or. 1, 12, 51: in quibus (civitatibus) verbo sunt liberi omnes? in word, in name, id. Rep. 1, 31, 47.
      Hence, verba dare (alicui), to give empty words, i. e. to deceive, cheat: cui verba dare difficile est, Ter. And. 1, 3, 6: vel verba mihi dari facile patior in hoc, meque libenter praebeo credulum, Cic. Att. 15, 16, A: descendit atque Gallis verba dedit, i. e. eluded, escaped from them, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 24: curis dare verba, i. e. to beguile, drive away, Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 40.
    3. C. In gram., a verb: Aristoteles orationis duas partes esse dicit, vocabula et verba, ut homo et equus, et legit et currit, etc., Varr. L. L. 8, § 11 sq. Müll.; 9, § 95; 10, § 77 al.; Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191.
    4. D. In eccl. Lat. as a translation of λόγος, the second person of the Trinity, Vulg. Joan. 1, 1; id. 1 Joan. 5, 7; id. Apoc. 19, 13.

Vercellae, ārum, f., a town in Gallia Cisalpina, now Borgo Vercelli, Plin. 3, 17, 21, § 124; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 19, 2; Tac. H. 1, 70.
Hence,

  1. A. Vercellensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Vercellœ: ager, Plin. 33, 4, 21, § 78.
  2. B. ‡ Vercellīnus, a, um, adj., of Vercellœ, Vercelline: PORTA, Inscr. Marin. Fratr. Arv. p. 772.

Vercingetŏrix, ĭgis, m., a commander of the Gauls in the Gallic War, Caes. B. G. 7, 4 sq.; Flor. 3, 10, 20.

* vercŭlum, i, n. dim. [ver], little spring, as a term of endearment: meum corculum, melliculum, verculum, Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 15.

vērē, adv., v. verus, C. fin.

vērus, a, um, adj. [etym. dub.; cf. Zend var, believe; Sanscr. var, choose, wish], true, real, actual, genuine, etc. (opp. falsus, fictus).

  1. I. Lit.: secerni blandus amicus a vero et internosci tam potest adhibitā diligentiā, quam omnia fucata et simulata a sinceris atque veris, Cic. Lael. 25, 95: perspicere, quid in quāque re verum sincerumque sit, id. Off. 2, 5, 18: vera an falsa, Ter. And. 5, 4, 19: res vera (opp. ficta), Cic. Lael. 7, 24: verus ac germanus Metellus, id. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 147; cf.: ipsus verus Harpax, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 111: vera mea uxor, id. As. 1, 1, 46 (dub.; al. verum): color, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 27: vultus, id. And. 5, 1, 20: via, Plaut. Cas. 2, 6, 17: vera et perfecta amicitia, Cic. Lael. 6, 22: vera, gravis, solida gloria, id. Phil. 5, 18, 50: decus, id. Rep. 6, 23, 25: causa verissima, id. Ac. 2, 4, 10: virtus, Hor. C. 3, 5, 29: dolores, id. Ep. 1, 17, 57: amicus, id. A. P. 425: nati, legitimate, Prop. 2, 9, 17: verius ergo quid sit, Mart. 8, 76, 7: ut verum esset, suā voluntate sapientem descendere, etc., Cic. Rep. 1, 6, 11: id si ita est, ut, etc. … sin autem illa veriora, ut, etc., id. Lael. 4, 14.
    1. B. Subst.: vērum, i, n., what is true or real, the truth, the reality, the fact: interesse oportet, ut inter rectum et pravum, sic inter verum et falsum, Cic. Ac. 2, 11, 33: notionem veri et falsi nullam habere, id. ib.: verum dicere, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 89; Ter. And. 2, 6, 6: si simile veri quid invenerim, Cic. Ac. 2, 20, 66; id. Rep. 3, 5, 8: si verum scire vis, id. Att. 12, 41, 3: si verum quaerimus, id. Tusc. 2, 23, 55: verum quidem si audire volumus, id. Brut. 73, 256: verum non libenter audire, Mart. 8, 76, 8: minor est tua gloria vero, Ov. H. 15 (16), 143: ut quid hujus veri sit, sciam, Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 72; cf.: non pervident quid sit in vero, actually, really, Lact. 1, 17, 1.
      So the freq. construction of the gen. veri with similis, similiter, and similitudo (by many also joined together in one word, verisimilis, etc.): narrationem jubent veri similem esse, Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 80: id quod veri simile occurrit, id. Tusc. 2, 2, 5: veri simillimum mihi videtur, quodam tempore, etc., id. Inv. 1, 3, 4: veri similiora, id. N. D. 1, 24, 66: res similis veri, Liv. 26, 38, 9: simillimum veri, Cic. Tusc. 5, 4, 11: quod est magis verisimile, Caes. B. G. 3, 13: veri similiter fingere, App. Mag. p. 293: veri similius, id. ib. and p. 312; Tert. Apol. 16: veri similitudinem sequi, Cic. Ac. 2, 33, 107; Sen. Ben. 4, 33, 2; genuine, Plin. 34, 7, 17, § 66; cf., in a reversed order: similitudo veri, Cic. Part. Or. 11, 40; id. Univ. 3: res facit controversiam aut de vero aut de recto aut de nomine, respecting fact, id. Or. 34, 121: nec procul a vero est, quod, from the truth, Ov. Tr. 5, 6, 27: ex vero positum permansit Equiria nomen, id. F. 2, 859: in vero esse, to be true, Lact. 1, 11, 31; 1, 17, 1: teneras aures mordaci radere vero, Pers. 1, 107.
      Plur.: recta et vera loquere, Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 7: vera dico, id. Am. 1, 1, 239; 2, 1, 12; 2, 2, 55 al.: artem se tradere vera ac falsa dijudicandi, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 157: qui species alias veris … caput (= alias ab iis quae verae sunt, Orell.), Hor. S. 2, 3, 208: adjecta veris credibilis rerum imago, Quint. 4, 2, 123: vis dicam tibi veriora veris? Mart. 6, 30, 6.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. Like rectus, consonant with reason or good morals, i. e. right, proper, fitting, suitable, reasonable, just (class.): ah, Idnest verum? Ter. And. 4, 1, 5: cum aliquid verum ac rectum esse dicitur, Cic. Leg. 3, 15, 34: quod est rectum, verum quoque est, id. ib. 2, 5, 11: omnia recta, vera, id. Tusc. 3, 27, 64: lex vera atque princeps, id. Leg. 2, 4, 10: quibus peritia et verum ingenium est, Sall. H. 1, 111 Dietsch: ea, si vera existimare voles, maxume hortabuntur, id. ib. 4, 61, 3 ib.: nil Grosphus nisi verum orabit et aequum, Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 23.
      1. 2. Esp., verum est, with subject-clause (so most freq. = aequum est, etc.): neque verum esso, qui suos fines tueri non potuerint, alienos occupare, Caes. B. G. 4, 8: (Cato) negat verum esse, allici benevolentiam cibo, Cic. Mur. 35, 74: verum est, (agrum) habere eos, quorum sanguine ac sudore partus sit, Liv. 2, 48, 2; 3, 40, 11; 24, 48, 11; 28, 13, 7: metiri se quemque suo modulo ac pede, verum est, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 98; id. S. 2, 3, 212: verius esse, Ti. Sempronio imperium habenti tradi exercitum quam legato, Liv. 35, 8, 6: me verius unum Pro vobis foedus luere, Verg. A. 12, 694: si verum est, with acc. and inf., if the view is correct, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 77; Liv. 30, 26, 7.
        Rarely with ut: praeclarum illud est, et, si quaeris, rectum quoque et verum, ut, etc., right and just, Cic. Tusc. 3, 29, 73: si verum est, quod nemo dubitat, ut populus Romanus superarit, etc., Nep. Hann. 1, 1.
      2. 3. Subst.: vērum, i, n., honor, duty: in senatu parsilla, quae vero pretium aut gratiam anteferebat, Sall. J. 16, 1.
    2. B. Speaking or containing the truth, true, veracious, = veridicus (rare): sum verus? Ter. And. 2, 5, 12: vates, Ov. H. 16, 123: Apollinis os, id. M. 10, 209: judicium viri eruditissimi ac super ista verissimi, Plin. Ep. 9, 25, 2; 2, 9, 4; cf.: quo viro nihil firmius, nihil verius, id. ib. 4, 22, 3: verissimus et sapientissimus judex, most conscientious, Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 84.
      Advv.
    1. A. vērum.
      1. 1. Lit., truly, just so, certainly, doubtless, even so, yes, as a confirmatory reply (ante-class. and rare, while vero is classical; v. vero init.): So. Facies? Ch. Verum, Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 11; Plaut. As. 4, 2, 45. Ct. Men’ quaerit? Sy. Verum, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 4; id. Eun. 2, 3, 56; 5, 6, 18.
      2. 2. Transf.
        1. a. In gen., as a strongly corroborative adversative particle, but in truth, but not with standing, but yet; and after negative clauses, but even, but: merito maledicas mihi, si id ita factum est: Verum haud mentior, resque uti facta, dico, Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 23; 1, 2, 22; Ter. And. prol. 4; id. Eun. 1, 2, 103; id. Heaut. 3, 3, 37: in optimorum consiliis posita est civitatium salus: praesertim cum, etc. … Verum hunc optimum statum pravis hominum opinionibus eversum esse dicunt, Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 51: quod ejus (Hermagorae) peccatum reprehendendum videtur, verum brevi, id. Inv. 1, 9, 12: quae non dicunt, verum intellegi volunt, Quint. 8, 5, 12: sed nos non, quid nobis utile, verum quid oratori necessarium sit, quaerimus, Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 254: ea sunt omnia non a naturā, verum a magistro, id. Mur. 29, 61; Verg. E. 3, 35.
          1. (β) In the construction non modo (solum, tantum) … verum etiam (quoque), not only … but also: non modo agendo, verum etiam cogitando, Cic. Cael. 19, 45; id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 161: non solum naturā et moribus, verum etiam studio et doctrinā, id. Lael. 2, 6: non ingrato tantum, verum etiam invido et crudeli animo, Just. 21, 6, 7: servavit ab omni Non solum facto, verum opprobrio quoque turpi, Hor. S. 1, 6, 84: non modo … verum ne … quidem, not only not … but not even, Cic. Rep. 3, 30, 42.
        2. b. In partic.
          1. (α) In a transition, but, yet, still (freq. and class.): non edepol nunc, ubi terrarum sim scio, si quis roget … Ilicet, mandata eri perierunt una et Sosia, Verum certum’st confidenter hominem contra adloqui, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 183: deinde hoc vobis confirmo, etc. … verum quod ego laboribus, etc. … me persecuturum esse polliceor, etc., Cic. Verr. 1, 17, 51: verum schemata λέξεως duorum sunt generum, Quint. 9, 3, 2: verum etiamsi quis summa desperet, id. 12, 11, 26: verum veniat sane, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 76 et saep.
            Strengthened by enim, vero, and (in class. prose) enimvero, but truly, but indeed: verum enim, quando bene promeruit, fiat, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 47: verum vero inter offam atque herbam, ibi vero longum intervallum est, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 17, 1: verum hercle vero, Plaut. Curc. 3, 5: si ullo in loco ejus provinciae frumentum tanti fuit, quanti, etc. Verum enim vero cum, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194; so, verum enim vero, id. de Or. 3, 14, 54 N. cr.; Sall. C. 20, 10; Liv. 4, 4, 8.
          2. (β) In breaking off the current of discourse (cf. sed), but however, but: exspectabantur Calendae Januariae, fortasse non recte. Verum praeterita omittamus, Cic. Phil. 5, 12, 31: verum quidem haec hactenus; cetera quotiescumque voletis, id. Tusc. 3, 34, 84: sed hoc nihil ad me … Verum hoc (ut dixi) nihil ad me. Illud ad me, etc., id. de Or. 2, 32, 139.
    2. B. vērō, in truth, in fact, certainly, truly, to be sure, surely, assuredly: eho, mavis vituperari falso, quam vero extolli? Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 21: iste eum sese ait, qui non est, esse: et qui vero est negat, id. Capt. 3, 4, 35: Tox. Amplectere sis. Lemn. Ego vero, id. Pers. 5, 1, 12; cf. Curt. 6, 3, 5: As. Ego non novi adulescentem vostrum. St. Veron’? As. Serio, Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 47: veron’ serio? id. Merc. 4, 1, 19: itane vero obturbat? Ter. And. 5, 4, 23: Ch. Vah, gloriare evenisse ex sententiā? Sy. Non hercle vero, verum dico, id. Heaut. 4, 5, 18: quod de domo scribis … ego vero tum denique mihi videbor restitutus, si, etc., Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 3; cf. even at the beginning of a letter: ego vero cupio te ad me venire, I do really wish, id. ib. 14, 16, 10; so, ego vero vellem, id. ib. 4, 6, 1: cum effusis gaudio lacrimis cupere vero diceret, etc., Liv. 27, 19, 12; Plin. Ep. 9, 20, 1.
      Esp., in apodosis, tum vero: postea quam ad causam dicendam ventum est, tum vero sine metu omnes erant, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 70; Sall. J. 94, 3; Stat. Th. 1, 412; cf. tum, III. B. 1.
      Ironically: sane quia vero hae mihi patent semper fores, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 9: multum vero haec eis jura profuerunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 47, § 124: turpem vero actionem, etc., id. Phil. 13, 11, 25: egregiam vero laudem refertis, Verg. A. 4, 93.
      With immo: immo vero indignum facinus faxo ex me audies, Ter. And. 5, 2, 13.
        1. b. In corroborative replies, yes, certainly, by all means, assuredly, etc. (class.; while verum in this sense is only ante-class.): De. An quid est etiam amplius? He. Vero amplius, Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 23; id. Eun. 3, 1, 12: M. Fuisti saepe, credo, in scholis philosophorum. A. Vero, ac libenter quidem, Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 26: sed tu orationes nobis veteres explicabis? Vero, inquam, Brute, id. Brut. 87, 300: tu vero, inquam, Tite, id. ib. 85, 292: nos vero, inquit ille, id. Fin. 4, 28, 80: M. Cadere, opinor, in sapientem aegritudinem tibi dixisti videri. A. Et vero ita existimo, id. Tusc. 3, 6, 12.
          With immo, nay rather: De. Quin tu mi argentum cedo. Ph. Immo vero uxorem tu cedo, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 43: sed da mihi nunc, satisne probas? Immo vero et haec, etc., Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 10: immo vero, inquit, ii vivunt, qui, etc., id. Rep. 6, 14, 14: S. Quid domi? pluresne praesunt negotiis tuis? L. Immo vero unus, inquit, id. ib. 1, 39, 61.
          And, to strengthen negative answers, joined with minime: S. Quid? totam domum num quis alter, praeter te, regit? L. Minime vero, Cic. Rep. 1, 39, 61; 3, 32, 44; id. Ac. 1, 1, 2; id. Off. 3, 6, 29 al.
        2. c. In urgent or encouraging expostulation, but, though, however, etc.: Ni. Cape hoc tibi aurum, Chrysale, i, fer filio. Ch. Non equidem accipiam. Ni. Cape vero: odiose facis, take it though, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 139: respice vero, id. Ep. 1, 1, 3: ostende vero, id. ib. 5, 2, 58: minue vero iram, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 88.
        3. d. To indicate a climax, even, indeed: neque solum in tantis rebus, sed etiam in mediocribus vel studiis vel officiis, vel vero etiam negotiis contemnendum, Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 4: quod cum tam multi homines audissent, statim ad me defertur: immo vero, ut quisque me viderat, narrabat, id. Verr. 1, 7, 19: nec vero jam meo nomine abstinent, id. Rep. 1, 3, 6: neque vero id satis habuit, Nep. Epam. 4, 5.
      1. 2. Transf., as a strongly corroborative adversative particle, but in fact, but indeed, however (always placed after a word): ne T. quidem Postumius contemnendus in dicendo: de re publicā vero non minus vehemens orator, quam bellator fuit, Cic. Brut. 77, 269: non vero tam isti (sc. mortui sunt) quam tu ipse, nugator, id. Sen. 9, 27: dixisti non auxilium mihi, sed me auxilio defuisse. Ego vero fateor hercule, quod viderim mihi auxilium non deesse, idcirco me illi auxilio pepercisse, id. Planc. 35, 86; id. Rep. 1, 7, 12: ubi per exploratores Caesar certior factus est, tres jam copiarum partes Helvetios id flumen transduxisse, quartam vero partem citra flumen Ararim reliquam esse, Caes. B. G. 1, 12.
        In transitions: age vero ceteris in rebus quali sit temperantiā, considerate, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 14, 40: nec vero tibi de versibus respondebo, id. Phil. 2, 8, 20.
    3. C. vērē, according to truth, truly, really, in fact; properly, rightly, aright: hoc quom fit, ibi non vere vivitur, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 102 Fleck.: honestum, quod proprie vereque dicitur, id in sapientibus est solis, Cic. Off. 3, 3, 13: quis putare vere potest, etc., id. Rep. 1, 17, 28: vere ducere, id. ib. 1, 38, 60: verene hoc memoriae proditum est? etc., id. ib. 2, 15, 28: immo, si vere volumus dicere, jam incohavit bellum, Liv. 41, 23, 13: omnia vere vates locuta est, Verg. A. 6, 188: vere an dolo, Spart. Sev. 5.
      Comp.: libentius quam verius, Cic. Mil. 29, 78: Ligures latrones verius quam justi hostes, Liv. 40, 27, 10.
      Sup.: verissime loquor, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 7: verissime dicere, id. Rep. 2, 4, 8.

vĕrēcundē, adv., v. verecundus, II. α.

vĕrēcundus, a, um, adj. [vereor], feeling shame (at any thing good or bad), shamefaced, bashful, shy, coy, modest, diffident, etc.

  1. I. Lit.: nimis verecunda es (uxor), Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 22: decet verecundum esse adulescentem, id. As. 5, 1, 6: homo non nimis verecundus, Cic. de Or. 2, 88, 361: misi ad te quattuor admonitores non nimis verecundos, id. Fam. 9, 8, 1: innocentes et verecundi, id. Leg. 1, 19, 50: populus, Hor. A. P. 207: saepe verecundum laudasti, id. Ep. 1, 7, 37: Bacchus, moderate, id. C. 1, 27, 3 (cf.: modicus Liber, id. ib. 1, 18, 7): orator in transferendis verecundus et parcus, Cic. Or. 24, 81: vultus, Ov. M. 14, 840: ore loqui, Mart. 8, 1, 2: color, a blush, Hor. Epod. 17, 21: rubor, Ov. M. 1, 484: pudor, id. Tr. 4, 4, 50: verecunda debet esse translatio, Cic. de Or. 3, 41, 165: oratio, Quint. 11, 3, 96: verba, id. 10, 1, 9: causa, id. 4, 5, 19: vita, Ov. Tr. 2, 354.
    With subj.clause: transire in diversa subsellia, parum verecundum est, Quint. 11, 3, 133: hoc dicere verecundum est, i. e. I am ashamed, id. 7, 1, 56.
    Comp.: verecundior in postulando, Cic. Phil. 14, 5, 11: verecundior in loquendo, id. Fam. 7, 33, 2: partes, i. e. the private parts, Arn. 4, 133: translatio, Quint. 9, 2, 41: confessio, id. 4, 2, 8.
    Sup.: Pompejus in appetendis honoribus immodicus, in gerendis verecundissimus, Vell. 2, 33, 3.
  2. II. Transf., objectively, worthy of reverence, venerable (late Lat.): nomen populi Romani, Amm. 14, 6, 6; cf. id. 21, 16, 11; 30, 8, 4: praetor, Capitol. Ver. 8.
    Adv. (acc. to I.), shamefacedly, bashfully, shyly, modestly.
          1. (α) Form vĕrēcundē, Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 6; id. Brut. 22, 87; Liv. 26, 49, 16.
          2. * (β) Form vĕrēcundĭter, Pompon. ap. Non. 516, 23.
        1. b. Comp.: verecundius, Cic. de Or. 1, 37, 171; Quint. 4, 1, 13; 11, 1, 84.

vĕrēcundĭa, ae, f. [verecundus], the natural feeling of shame, by whatever cause produced, shamefacedness, bashfulness, shyness, coyness, modesty, etc.

  1. I. In gen. (class.; syn.: pudicitia, castitas, pudor).
    1. A. Absol.: nec vero tam metu poenāque terrentur, quae est constituta legibus, quam verecundiā, quam natura homini dedit quasi quendam vituperationis non injustae timorem, Cic. Rep. 5, 4, 6: homo solum animal natum pudoris ac verecundiae particeps, id. Fin. 4, 7, 18: scenicorum mos tantam habet veteri disciplina verecundiam, ut in scaenam sine subligaculo prodeat nemo, id. Off. 1, 35, 129; id. Rep. 4, 4, 4: magnam habet vim disciplina verecundiae, id. ib. 4, 6, 6: justitiae partes sunt non violare homines; verecundiae non offendere, id. Off. 1, 28, 99; cf. id. Lael. 22, 82: Caesar meam in rogando verecundiam objurgavit, id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 10: tironis, id. Att. 8, 6, 3: homo timidus, virginali verecundiā, id. Quint. 11, 39; so, virginalis, Suet. Vit. Pers.: fuit sponsa tua apud me eādem, quā apud parentis suos, verecundiā, Liv. 26, 50, 6: verecundia nostra adversus regem nobis obstat, id. 37, 54, 7: nova nupta verecundiā notabilis, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 78: verecundia oris, bashful redness, blushing, Suet. Dom. 18.
    2. B. With gen. obj.
          1. (α) With gen. rei: turpitudinis verecundia, dread of wrong-doing, Cic. Tusc. 5, 26, 74: negandi, id. Or. 71, 238; Quint. prooem. § 3: respondendi, id. 3, 5, 15: hujus sermonis, Liv. 26, 50, 4.
          2. (β) With gen. personae (not freq. till after the Aug. period): quando nec ordinis hujus ulla, nec reipublicae est verecundia, respect for, reverence, Liv. 4, 45, 8: parentis, vitrici, deorum, id. 39, 11, 2: ne auctorem ponam, verecundia ipsius facit, Quint. 6, 3, 64: majestatis magistratuum, Liv. 2, 36, 3: aetatis, id. 1, 6, 4; cf. id. 1, 3, 10: legum, id. 10, 13, 8.
            Transf.: quidam ita sunt receptae auctoritatis ac notae verecundiae, ut, etc., i. e. of known venerableness, Quint. 6, 3, 33.
  2. II. In partic., with an implication of censure.
      1. 1. Over-shyness, bashfulness, sheepishness, timidity (post-Aug.): verecundia vitium quidem sed amabile et quae virtutes facillime generet … quae (verecundia) est timor quidam reducens animum ab iis, quae facienda sunt … Optima est autem emendatio verecundiae fiducia, Quint. 12, 5, 2 sq.: patronus timet cognoscentis verecundiam, id. 4, 1, 19: (vox) in metu et verecundiā contracta, id. 11, 3, 64.
      2. 2. A shame, disgrace: verecundiae erat equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare, Liv. 3, 62, 9: verecundia Romanos tandem cepit, Saguntum sub hostium potestate esse, etc., a sense of shame, id. 24, 42, 9.

vĕrēcundĭter, adv., v. verecundus fin. β.

vĕrēcundor, āri,

  1. I. v. dep. n. [verecundus], to feel bashful or ashamed, to be shy or diffident (rare but class.): verecundari neminem apud mensam decet, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 77: hi nostri amici verecundantur, capti splendore virtutis, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 480, 17: aliquem cunctantem et quasi verecundantem incitare, id. de Or. 3, 9, 36.
    With inf.: Sp. Carvilio graviter claudicanti ex vulnere … et ob eam causam verecundanti in publicum prodire, Cic. de Or. 2, 61, 249.
  2. II. Transf., of things: (manus) probant, admirantur, verecundantur, express shame, Quint. 11, 3, 87.

vĕrēdārĭus, ii, m. [veredus], a postboy, courier (late Lat.), Sid. Ep. 5, 7 med.; Vulg. Esth. 8, 10; Firm. Math. 3, 13 fin.; Paul. Nol. Ep. 9.
Comically, of a priest eager for gossip, Hier. Ep. 22, 28.

vĕrēdus, i, m.

  1. I. A light horse for posting, a post-horse, courier’s horse, Cod. Just. 12, 51, 4; 12, 51, 7; Aus. Ep. 8, 7; 8, 14.
  2. II. Transf., a light, fleet huntinghorse, Mart. 12, 14, 1; 14, 86, 1.

vĕrĕor, ĭtus (part. pres. verens; rare in histt.; not in Cæs., Liv., Sall., or Curt., veritus being used instead; but freq. in Cic., Nep., and Just.; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 1192), 2, v. dep. a. and n. [Greek root ορ-, ϝορ; οὖρος, ἐπίουρος, guardian; ὁράω, to see; O. H. Germ. warten, to see; Engl. ward], to feel awe of, to reverence, revere, respect; to fear, be afraid of any thing (good or bad); to fear or be afraid to do a thing, etc. (not so strong as metuo, v. Cic. Quint. 1, 1 infra; cf. also timeo); constr. with acc., with an inf., the gen., a foll. ne, ut, a rel.-clause, or absol.

        1. (α) With acc.: vereri aliquem, Plaut. Am. prol. 23; so, vereri et metuere Junonem, id. ib. 2, 2, 202: contra nos ambae faciunt, summa gratia et eloquentia; quarum alteram vereor, alteram metuo, Cic. Quint. 1, 1: metuebant eum servi, verebantur liberi, id. Sen. 11, 37; cf.: quid? veteranos non veremur? nam timeri se ne ipsi quidem volunt, id. Phil. 12, 12, 29: veremur vos, Romani, et, si ita vultis, etiam timemus, Liv. 39, 37, 17: ut majorem fratrem vereri, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 3: quem discipuli et amant et verentur, Quint. 2, 2, 8 Spald. N. cr.: non se hostem vereri, sed angustias itineris et magnitudinem silvarum, Caes. B. G. 1, 39: patris conspectum, Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 1: reprehensionem doctorum atque prudentium, Cic. Or. 1, 1: Gallica bella, id. Att. 14, 4, 1: periculum, Caes. B. G. 5, 48; id. B. C. 3, 21; Hirt. B. G. 8, 39: desidiam in hoc, Quint. 1, 3, 7: opinionem jactantiae, id. 9, 2, 74: pauperiem, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 39: majus, id. S. 2, 8, 57: supplicium ab aliquo, Auct. Her. 2, 19, 28: hoc verens in hanc tarditatem incidi, Cic. Att. 10, 8, 5: quae verens Epicurus … commentus est, etc., id. N. D. 2, 23, 59: invidiam verens, Nep. Eum. 7, 1.
        2. (β) With inf.: vereri introire in alienam domum, Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 32: vereor dicere, Ter. And. 2, 1, 23: vereor committere, ut, etc., Cic. Leg. 1, 13, 37: quos interficere, Caes. B. G. 5, 6: insanos qui inter vereare insanus haberi, Hor. S. 2, 3, 40: verear magis, Me amoris causā hoc ornatu incedere, Plaut. Mil. 4, 7, 2: judex verebar non omnes causam vincere posse suam, Ov. H. 16, 75 sq.
          Impers.: Cyrenaici, quos non est veritum in voluptate summum bonum ponere, Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 39.
        3. (γ) With gen. (mostly ante-class.): uxor, quae non vereatur viri, Afran. ap. Non. 496, 29: tui progenitoris, Att. ib. 497, 2: feminae primariae, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 78: tui testimonii, Cic. Att. 8, 4, 1.
          Impers.: nihilne te populi veretur, Pac. ap. Non. 497, 2.
        4. (δ) With dat. (very rare): eo minus veritus navibus, quod, etc., for the ships, Caes. B. G. 5, 9.
          (ε) With ne, lest or that: sed vereor, ne videatur oratio mea, etc., Cic. Rep. 1, 46, 70; 3, 5, 70; id. de Or. 1, 55, 234; id. Sull. 23, 66; Caes. B. G. 1, 19; 1, 42; 2, 1; Sall. J. 14, 20; Hor. S. 1, 2, 127; id. Ep. 1, 16, 19: veritus, ne licentia invidiam adcenderet, Sall. J. 15, 3: agebamus verentes ne quid accideret, Cic. Fam. 13, 19, 2: tum me inquit collegi, verens ne … noceret, id. Att. 15, 21, 1; id. Fam. 9, 16, 1; id. de Or 2, 3, 14; 3, 9, 33; Nep. Dion, 4, 1; 8, 5; id. Them. 5, 1.
          To introduce an expression of opinion, like dubito an: si, ut Graeci dicunt, omnes aut Graios esse aut barbaros, vereor ne barbarorum rex fuerit (Romulus), then I am afraid that, I suspect that, Cic. Rep. 1, 37, 58: non vereor, ne assentatiunculā quādam aucupari tuam gratiam videar, id. Fam. 5, 12, 6; Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 58; id. Mil. 3, 3, 68; Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 1; Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8.
          (ζ) With ne … non: accepi tuas litteras, quibus intellexi te vereri ne superiores mihi redditae non essent, Cic. Fam. 14, 5, 1.
          So usu. after non vereor, ne non is used instead of ut (cf. η, infra): non vereor ne hoc officium meum P. Servilio non probem, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 38, § 82; 2, 2, 47, § 118: non vereor, ne non scribendo te expleam, id. Fam. 2, 1, 1; 2, 5, 2; 2, 6, 2; 11, 28, 8; Cels. 5, 28, 12.
          So after questions implying a negative: quid est cur verear ne ad eam non possim accommodare Torquatos nostros? Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 34; and in ironical concessions or assumptions: si meis horis in accusando uti voluissem, vererer ne mihi crimina non suppeterent, id. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 31; id. ap. Quint. 9, 3, 19.
          (η) With ut, that not: veritus ut hostium impetum sustinere posset, Caes. B. G. 5, 47: illa duo, Crasse, vereor, ut tibi possim concedere, Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 35; id. Fam. 14, 14, 1; id. Agr. 2, 22, 58; Auct. Her. 3, 6, 11: ut ferulā caedas meritum majora subire Verbera non vereor, Hor. S. 1, 3, 121.
          (θ) With a rel.-clause, to await with fear, to fear, dread: heri semper lenitas verebar quorsum evaderet, Ter. And. 1, 2, 5: Pomptinum quod scribis in urbem introisse, vereor, quid sit, Cic. Att. 7, 7, 3: hoc quomodo acciperent homines, vereor etiam nunc, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 1: vereor, num hic aliud sit dicendum, Dig. 20, 4, 11.
          (ι) With de and abl. (very rare): de quā (Carthagine) vereri non ante desinam quam illam excisam esse cognovero, Cic. Sen. 6, 18.
          (κ) Absol.: hic vereri perdidit, i. e. he has lost all sense of shame, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 50: ne vereamini, Quia bellum Aetolis esse dixi cum Aliis, id. Capt. prol. 58: ne vereare; meo periculo hujus ego experiar fidem, id. ib. 2, 2, 99.
          Hence,
  1. A. vĕrenter, adv., with reverence, reverently, Sedul. 1, 8.
  2. B. vĕrendus, a, um, P. a., that is to be feared or reverenced, awful, venerable; fearful, terrible (poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
    1. 1. Adj.: majestas, Ov. M. 4, 540: patres, id. P. 3, 1, 143; cf. id. Tr. 5, 6, 31: ossa (viri), id. H. 3, 104: Alexander Partho verendus, Luc. 10, 46: fluctus classibus, id. 5, 502.
    2. 2. Subst.: vĕrenda, ōrum, m., the private parts, Plin. 28, 15, 60, § 213; 32, 9, 34, § 107; 36, 21, 42, § 156; Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 14; called also partes verendae, Veg. Vet. 1, 7.
      Note: In a pass. signif.: ubi malunt metui quam vereri se ab suis, Afran. ap. Gell. 15, 13, 3; cf. also the impersonal use above, β and γ.

vĕrendus, a, um, v. vereor, B. fin.

vĕrenter, adv., v. vereor, A. fin.

vĕrētillum, i, n. dim. [veretrum], = parvum veretrum, App. Mag. p. 296, 28.

Veretīni, ōrum, m., a people of Calabria, Plin. 3, 11, 16, § 105.

vĕrētrum, i, n. [vereor; cf. verendus, 2.], the private parts, Phaedr. 4, 14, 1; Suet. Tib. 62; Arn. 5, 165: muliebre, Cael. Aur. Tard. 5, 10, 16; Scrib. Comp. 234; App. Herb. 201.

Vergellus, i, m., a river of Apulia, Val. Max. 9, 2, ext. 2; Flor. 2, 6, 18.

Vergentum, i, n., a town in Hispania Baetica, Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 11.

Vergĭlĭae, ārum, f. [vergo], the constellation of the seven stars, that rises at the end of spring, the Pleiades, Cic. N. D. poët. 2, 44, 112; Auct. B. Afr. 47; Isid. Orig. 3, 70; cf. Fest. p. 372 Müll.

Vergĭlĭus (not Virgĭlĭus; the form Ver- is supported by the ancient MSS. and inscriptions in unbroken succession, to the fourth century A.D.; v. Ritschl, Opusc. Phil. 2, 779 sq.), ii, m., the name of a Roman gens; so, esp., P. Vergilius Maro, a celebrated Roman poet, Hor. C. 1, 3, 6; 1, 24, 10; 4, 12, 13; id. S. 1, 5, 40.
Hence, Vergĭlĭ-ānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the poet Vergil, Vergilian: virtus, Plin. praef. § 22: illud, Quint. 1, 3, 13: VERGILIANVS POËTA, a writer of a cento of Vergilian verses, Inscr. Grut. 64, 5.

Vergĭlĭo-cento, ōnis, m. [Vergiliuscento], a poem made up of scraps from Vergil, Hier. Ep. 103, 7.

Bergistāni or Vergistāni, ōrum, m., a community of robbers in Hispania Tarraconensis, Liv. 34, 16, 9; 34, 17, 5; 34, 21, 6.

vergo, ĕre (perf. and sup. wanting, acc. to Neue, Formenl. 2, pp. 507, 584; but versi is assumed as perf. by Prob. Cath. 1486, and is read, Ov. P. 1, 9, 52, by Merkel, ex conj. for the MS. vertit; acc. to Charis. 3, 1, p. 218, and Diom. 1, p. 366, the perf. is verxi, but it does not occur in extant writings), v. a. and n.

  1. I. Act., to bend, turn, incline, verge (only poet., and very rare; syn. inclino): in terras igitur quoque solis vergitur ardor, mid., turns itself, verges, Lucr. 2, 212: et polus aversi calidus quā vergitur Austri, Luc. 1, 54: Strongyle vergitur ad exortus solis, Sol. 6, § 3: illi imprudentes ipsi sibi saepe venenum Vergebant, i. e. turned in, poured in, Lucr. 5, 1010: in gelidos amoma sinus, Ov. P. 1, 9, 52: spumantesque mero paterae verguntur, Stat. Th. 6, 211; cf. Serv. ad Verg. A. 6, 244.
  2. II. Neutr., to bend, turn, incline itself; of places, to lie, be situated in any direction (the class. signif. of the word; syn.: tendo, pertineo, jaceo).
    1. A. Lit.: ab oppido declivis locus tenui fastigio vergebat in longitudinem passuum circiter quadringentorum, Caes. B. C. 1, 45: collis ad flumen Sabin, id. B.G. 2, 18: Galliae pars ad Septentriones, id. ib. 1, 1: portus in meridiem, Liv. 37, 31, 10: tectum aedium in tectum inferioris porticūs, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 14: omnes partes in medium, id. N.D. 2, 45, 116.
        1. b. Trop., to turn, bend, incline, etc.: nisi Bruti auxilium ad Italiam vergere quam ad Asiam maluissemus, Cic. Phil. 11, 11, 26: illuc (i. e. in Tiberium) cuncta vergere, Tac. A. 1, 3: suam aetatem vergere, that he was in the decline of his age, id. ib. 2, 43: sed ne patriae quidem bonus tutor aut vindex est, si ad voluptates vergit, Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 3: animus nec ad recta fortiter nec ad prava vergentis, id. Tranq. 1, 3: nox vergit ad lucem, verges towards, Curt. 4, 7, 9: vergente jam die, declining, Suet. Oth. 7; so, jam senecta, Tac. A. 4, 41: vergens annis femina, id. ib. 13, 19: aegri vergentes in lethargum, Plin. 32, 10, 38, § 116: colore languido in candidum vergente, id. 12, 12, 26, § 43.

Vergŏānum, i, n., a town on the island of Lerina, near Gaul, Plin. 3, 5, 11, § 79.

Vergŏbrĕtus, i, m., = Βεργόβρετος; paraphr., the title of the chief magistrate among the Ædui, Caes. B. G. 1, 16.

vērĭsĭmĭlis, vērĭsĭmĭlĭter, and vērĭsĭmĭlĭtūdo, more correctly written separately, vērī sĭmĭlis, etc., v. under verus and similis, etc.

* vērĭcŏla, ae, comm. [verus-colo], that cultivates or regards the truth: lex, Tert. Carm. ad Senat. 43.

vĕrĭcŭlum (not vĕrŭcŭlum), i, n. dim. [veru; cf. corniculum, from cornu], a small javelin, Plin. 33, 6, 35, § 107; 35, 11, 41, § 149; Veg. Mil. 2, 15.

vērĭdĭcē, adv., v. veridicus fin.

vērĭdĭcus, a, um, adj. [verus-dico], that speaks the truth, truth-telling, veracious, veridical (rare but class.).

  1. I. Lit., act.: os, Lucr. 6, 6: voces, Cic. Div. 1, 45, 101: sorores, Mart. 5, 1, 3: interpres, Liv. 1, 7.
  2. II. Transf., pass., that is truly said; true, veritable: usus, true experience, Plin. 18, 4, 6, § 25: exitus, id. 7, 16, 15, § 69.
    Adv.: vērĭdĭcē, truly: agere (opp. rhetorice), Aug. Ep. 17: praedicere, Amm. 31, 1, 2.

vērīdĭcentĭa, ae, f. [veridicus], truthtelling (late Lat.), Jul. Val. Rer. Gest. Alex. 1, 14; 2, 2.

* vērĭlŏquĭum, ii, n. [verus-loquor], a literal transl. of ἐτυμολογία, etymology, for which Cicero proposes the freer rendering, notatio, Cic. Top. 8, 35.

vērĭlŏquus, a, um, adj. [verus-loquor], speaking truly, truth-telling (very rare): oraculum, Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 3, 12 Mai: lingua, Hier. adv. Ruf. 3, 42.

vērĭtas, ātis, f. [verus], truth, truthfulness, verity; the true or real nature, reality (always abstract; cf.: verum, vera).

  1. I. In gen.: veritas, per quam immutata ea, quae sunt aut ante fuerunt aut futura sunt, dicuntur, Cic. Inv. 2, 53, 162: veritatem patefacere, id. Sull. 16, 45: argumentatio … in quā perspicuam omnibus veritatem continet adsumptio, id. Inv. 1, 36, 65: veritatis cultores, fraudis inimici, id. Off. 1, 30, 109: o magna vis veritatis, quae … facile se per se ipsa defendat, id. Cael. 26, 63: nescio quo modo verum est quod in Andriā (1, 1, 41) familiaris meus dicit: obsequium amicos, veritas odium parit … veritatem aspernere, id. Lael. 24, 89: nihil ad veritatem (loqui), id. ib. 25, 91: in omni re vincit imitationem veritas, id. de Or. 3, 57, 215: simplex ratio veritatis, id. ib. 1, 53, 229.
  2. II. In partic.
      1. 1. Reality, real life, esp. of the likeness of life in works of art: non intellegit Canachi signa rigidiora esse, quam ut imitentur veritatem, Cic. Brut. 18, 70: ut mutum in simulacrum ex animali exemplo veritas transferatur, id. Inv. 2, 1, 3: oratores sunt veritatis ipsius actores, id. de Or. 3, 56, 214: haec tria genera exornationum perraro sumenda sunt, cum in veritate dicemus, in reality, i. e. in the forum, not for practice merely, Auct. Her. 4, 22, 32: vulgus ex veritate pauca, ex opinione multa aestimat, according to truth or reality, Cic. Rosc. Com. 10, 29: salus omnium nostrum non veritate solum, sed etiam famā nititur, id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 1, § 2: res et veritas, id. de Or. 1, 17, 77: exploranda est veritas, Phaedr. 3, 10, 5.
      2. 2. Nature, the truth of nature: sic enim se profecto res habet, ut numquam perfecte veritatem casus imitetur, Cic. Div. 1, 13, 23: habere in se omnes numeros veritatis, id. ib.; cf.: ut, quicquid accidat, id ex aeternā veritate causarumque continuatione fluxisse dicatis, id. N. D. 1, 20, 55.
      3. 3. Consule veritatem, i. e. the etymology, = τὸ ἔτυμον, Cic. Or. 48, 159; so Quint. 1, 6, 32; 1, 7, 8.
      4. 4. Of character, truth, rectitude, integrity: in tuam fidem, veritatem, misericordiam confugit, Cic. Quint. 2, 10: sint veritatis et virtutis magistri, id. Rep. 3, 3, 4: spes obtinendae veritatis, id. Deiot. 2, 5: judiciorum religionem veritatemque perfringere, id. Verr 1, 1, 3: si ad illam summam veritatem legitimum jus exegeris, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 1: rustica Veritas, truth, integrity, Mart. 10, 72, 11; cf. Plin. Pan. 84, 1.
      5. 5. Plur. (rare): veritates fortiter dicere, Gell. 18, 7, 4.

vĕrĭtus, a, um, Part. of vereor.

* vērĭverbĭum, ii, n. [verus-verbum], a telling the truth, veracity, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 36.

vermesco, ĕre, 3, v. n. (eccl. Lat.), Aug. in Joan. tr. 35, 8.

vermĭcŭlātē, adv., v. vermiculor fin.

vermĭcŭlor, ātus, 1, v. dep. n. [vermiculus], to be full of worms, wormy, to be worm-eaten, of trees: vermiculantur magis minusve quaedam arbores, Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 220.
Hence, vermĭcŭlātus, a, um, P. a., in the form of worms: gummi, Plin. 13, 21, 20, § 66.
Esp., of mosaic work, inlaid so as to resemble the tracks of worms, vermiculated: pavimento atque emblemate vermiculato, Lucil. ap. Cic. Or. 44, 149: crustae, Plin. 35, 1, 1, § 2.
Of a quick movement of the finger, Mart. Cap. 7, § 729.
Adv.: vermĭcŭlātē, in a vermiculated manner: tesserulas, ut ait Lucilius, struet, et vermiculate inter se lexeis committet, Quint. 9, 4, 113.

vermĭcŭlātĭo, ōnis, f. [vermiculor], a being worm-eaten, of plants, Plin. 17, 24, 37, §§ 218 and 230; 17, 11, 16, § 87.

vermĭcŭlātus, a, um, P. a. of vermiculor.

* vermĭcŭlōsus, a, um, adj. [vermiculor], full of worms, wormy: poma, Pall. 12, 7, 14.

vermĭcŭlus, i, m. dim. [vermis], a little worm, grub, in decaying things.

  1. I. Lit., Lucr. 2, 899; Plin. 10, 65, 85, § 186: in linguā canum, id. 29, 5, 32, § 100.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. A disease of dogs which drives them mad, Grat. Cyn. 386.
    2. B. In the Vulgate, the scarlet worm, for coccum (scarlet color), Vulg. Exod. 35, 25; cf. Hier. Ep. 64, 19: VERMICVLVM STRAVERVNT, Inscr. Orell. 4240; Inscr. Murat. p. 114, 2.

* vermĭflŭus, a, um, adj. [vermisfluo], swarming with worms: vulnus, Paul. Nol. Carm. 22, 134.

vermĭna, um, n. [vermis, gripings of the belly caused by worms; hence, in gen.], the gripes, belly-ache, stomach-ache.

  1. I. Lit.: saeva, Lucr. 5, 997; cf.: vermina dicuntur dolores corporis cum quodam minuto motu quasi a vermibus scindatur. Hic dolor Graece στρόφος dicitur, Fest. p. 375 Müll.
  2. * II. Trop.: passionum, Arn. 1, p. 30.

vermĭnātĭo, ōnis, f. [vermino], the worms, a disease of animals, the bots.

  1. I. Lit., Plin. 28, 11, 49, § 180; 30, 15, 50, § 144.
  2. II. Transf., a crawling, itching pain, Sen. Ep. 78, 9.
    Plur.: cerebri aestuantis, Sen. Ep. 95, 17.

vermĭno, āre (in the dep. collat. form verminatur, Pompon. ap. Non. 40, 21; Sen. Vit. Beat. 17 fin.), v. n. [vermina].

  1. I. Lit., to have worms, be troubled with worms, Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2.
  2. II. Transf., in gen., to have crawling, itching pains; to prick, shoot, ache, pain: auris, Mart. 14, 23, 1.
    In the dep. form: si minus verminatur, Sen. Vit. Beat. 17, 4.
    Of women in labor: decumo mense demum turgens verminatur, parturit, Pompon. ap. Non. 40, 21 (Com. Rel. p. 198 Rib.).

vermĭnōsus, a, um, adj. [vermis], full of worms, wormy: fici, Plin. 17, 28, 47, § 261: ulcera, id. 26, 14, 87, § 145: auris, id. 20, 14, 52, § 146.

vermis, is, m. [Gr. ἕλμις; cf. Sanscr. krmis, worm; Goth. vaùrms, serpent], a worm, Lucr. 2, 871; 2, 928; 3, 719; 3, 723; Plin. 18, 17, 45, § 159; 24, 5, 11, § 18; 30, 13, 39, § 114; Col. 6, 30 fin.

verna, ae, comm. [root vas, to dwell; Sanscr. vāstu, house; Gr. ἄστυ, city], a slave born in his master’s house, a homeborn slave.

  1. I. Lit.: vernas alere, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 104; id. Am. 1, 1, 24; Just. 38, 6, 7; Val. Max. 3, 4, 3; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15, 2; Hor. Epod. 2, 65; id. S. 1, 2, 117; 2, 6, 66.
    In gen. fem., Inscr. Orell. 1320.
    Such slaves were trained up as buffoons or jesters, Mart. 1, 42, 2; cf. Sen. Prov. 1, 6; and v. vernilitas.
    As a term of abuse, Plaut. Am. 4, 2, 13.
  2. II. Transf., a native: de plebe Remi Numaeque verna, Jucundus, etc., Mart. 10, 76, 4; cf.: Romanos vernas appellabant, id est ibidem natos, Fest. p. 372 Müll.
    Hence,
    1. B. Adj.: ver-nus, a, um, native: apri, Mart. 1, 50, 24: lupi, id. 10, 30, 21: tuberes, id. 13, 43, 2: liber, i. e. written in Rome, id. 3, 1, 6.

vernācŭlus, a, um, adj. [verna].

  1. I. (Acc. to verna, I.) Of or belonging to homeborn slaves.
    1. A. Adj.: multitudo, the rabble of slaves, Tac. A. 1, 31; so, plebs, Tert. Apol. 35.
    2. B. Substt.: vernācŭli, ōrum, m. (acc. to verna, I.), buffoons, jesters (postAug. and rare), Mart. 10, 3, 1; Suet. Vit. 14.
      1. 2. vernācŭla, ae, f., a female household slave (late Lat.), Mart. Cap. 8, § 804: filius quem susceperat ex vernaculā, Ambros. Abrah. 1, 7, 65.
  2. II. (Acc. to verna, II.) Native, domestic, indigenous, vernacular, i. e. Roman (the class. signif. of the word): aquatilium vocabula partim sunt vernacula partim peregrina, Varr. L. L. 5, § 77 Müll.: volucres, id. R. R. 3, 5, 7: equi, Plin. 37, 13, 77, § 202: vites (with peculiares), id. 14, 2, 4, § 24: putatio, id. 17, 23, 35, § 208: gallinae, Col. 8, 2, 5: pecus, id. 7, 3, 13: imago antiquae et vernaculae festivitatis, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 2: sapor, inborn, innate, id. Brut. 46, 172: crimen domesticum ac vernaculum, invented by the accuser himself, id. Verr. 2, 3, 61, § 141; cf. consilium, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 105.
    1. B. Natural, common (late Lat.): paupertas olim philosophiae vernacula est, App. Mag. 18, p. 285, 13.

vernālis, e, adj. [ver], of or belonging to spring, vernal: horae, Manil. 3, 258: facies terrae, Aug. Civ. Dei, 7, 25.

vernātĭo, ōnis, f. [verno], the sloughing or shedding of the skin of snakes.

  1. I. Lit., Plin. 29, 5, 32, § 101; 30, 3 8, § 24.
  2. II. Transf., concr., the slough cast off by a snake, Plin. 29, 6, 35, § 11.

* vernĭ-cŏmus, a, um, adj. [vernuscoma], having young leaves: oliva, Mart. Cap. 6, § 570.

* vernĭfer, fĕra, fĕrum, adj. [vernusfero], flowering in spring, spring-blooming, = ἐαροτρεφής: comere verniferis florentia limina sertis (sc. coronis), Mart. Cap. 1, § 1.

vernīlis, e, adj. [verna], of or belonging to a home-born slave (verna), slavish, i. e.,

  1. I. Mean, fawning, servile: blanditiae, Tac. H. 2, 59: corpora, Quint. Decl. 9, 12.
  2. * II. Jesting, pert, waggish: dictum, Tac. H. 3, 32 fin.
    Adv.:     vernīlĭter, slavishly, servilely: fungi officiis, Hor. S. 2, 6, 108: nimis hoc fit verniliter, i. e. with fawning flattery, cringingly, Caecil. ap. Non. 42, 27: haec ipsa non verniliter, nec eā figurā, quā, etc., jestingly, jokingly, Sen. Ben. 2, 11, 3.

vernīlĭtas, ātis, f. [vernilis] (mostly post-Aug.).

  1. I. Cringing obsequiousness, servility, Sen. Ep. 95, 2.
  2. II. Coarse, pert, jesting, pertness, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. 342, 17; Quint. 1, 11, 2; Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 79.

vernīlĭter, adv., v. vernilis fin.

‡ vernisera, mensalia auguria, Fest. p. 379 Müll. [perh. from ver-sero, auguries belonging to sowing in the spring].

verno, āre, v. n. [ver], to appear like spring, to flourish, be verdant; to spring, bloom, grow young, renew itself, etc. (poet. and in post-Aug. prose; syn. vireo).

  1. I. Lit.: humus, Ov. M. 7, 284: arbores fruticesque, Plin. 22, 22, 46, § 95: caelum, id. 7, 2, 2, § 26: caelum bis floribus, Flor. 1, 16, 3: in Italiā aër semper quodammodo vernat vel auctumnat, Plin. 2, 50, 51, § 136: silva vernat, Sen. Herc. Oet. 380: vernantia lilia, blooming, Col. 10, 270: avis, i. e. begins to sing, Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 8; cf. apes, Col. 9, 9, 1; hence also: ager arguto passere, becomes enlivened again, resounds anew, Mart. 9, 55, 8: anguis, i. e. sheds its skin, Plin. 8, 27, 41, § 99.
  2. II. Transf.: cum tibi vernarent dubiā lanugine malae, get the first down, Mart. 2, 61, 1: dum vernat sanguis, is young or lively, Prop. 4 (5), 5, 57: senio vernante, Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 316.

vernŭla, ae, comm. dim. [verna], a little or young home-born slave (post-Aug.).

  1. I. Lit., Juv. 10, 117; Sen. Prov. 1, 6; Plin. 22, 17, 20, § 44; App. M. 4, p. 153, 25 al.
  2. II. Transf., adj.: = vernaculus.
    1. A. Jocular, pert, coarse: urbanitas, Petr. 24 (al. vernacula).
    2. B. Native, indigenous: lupus Tiberinus, Juv. 5, 105: libelli, Mart. 5, 18, 4.

vernum, i, v. 2. vernus, II.

2. vernus, a, um, adj. [ver], of or belonging to spring, spring-.

  1. I. Adj.: tempus, Lucr. 5, 802; 6, 369; Cic. Sen. 19, 70; id. Tusc. 5, 13, 37; Hor. A. P. 302 al.: aequinoctium, Liv. 33, 3, 5; Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 2; Col. 9, 14, 4: species diei, Lucr. 1, 10: venti, Hor. C. 4, 4, 7: frigus, Ov. M. 14, 763: flores, id. ib. 5, 554; Hor. C. 2, 11, 10: rosa, Prop. 3 (4), 4, 22: agni (opp. hiberni), Plin. 8, 47, 72, § 187: opera, id. 18, 26, 65, § 243: verno tempore, Amm. 15, 10, 4.
  2. II. Subst.: vernum, i, n., spring-time, the spring (late Lat. but in abl. post-Aug.); nom., Tert. Res. Carn. 12 med.; id. Spect. 9; gen., id. Jud. Dom. 2; Amm. 18, 4, 1; abl. verno, in the spring, Cato, R. R. 54, 3; Col. 4, 10, 3; Plin. 19, 5, 30, § 95: anni verno, Amm. 15, 10, 4.

1. vernus, a, um, v. verna, II. B.

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