Lewis & Short

Parsing inflected forms may not always work as expected. If the following does not give the correct word, try Latin Words or Perseus.

hospĕs, ĭtis (gen. plur. hospitium, Liv. 4, 35, 4), m.; hospĭta, ae, f. (cf. antistita from antistes, sospita from sospes, sacerdota from sacerdos, etc., but hospes, f., Att. ap. Non. 279, 11; Trag. Fragm. v. 51 Rib.: hospes amica, Ov. F. 6, 510: Aurora, Stat. Th. 6, 272; Sen. Agam. 318 al.) [= hostipets, hostis, a stranger; pa-, root of pasco, pater, to feed, hence],

  1. I. He who entertains a stranger, a host (one who entertains gratuitously, as a friend: caupo, one who entertains for pay); form hospes: alterum ad cauponem devertisse, ad hospitem alterum, Cic. Div. 1, 27, 57; so id. Fin. 5, 2, 4: tendimus hinc recta Beneventum, ubi sedulus hospes Paene macros, arsit, dum turdos versat in igne, etc., Hor. S. 1, 5, 71: succinctus, id. ib. 2, 6, 107: amabilis, id. Ep. 2, 2, 132: hospitis affectu salutare, with a host’s politeness, Juv. 8, 161.
    Esp., one upon whom soldiers are quartered, Tac. H. 2, 66; 3, 41.
    Hence repeated of both host and guest: per dexteram istam te oro, quam regi Deiotaro hospes hospiti porrexisti, Cic. Deiot. 3, 8; so, non hospes ab hospite tutus, Ov. M. 1, 144: Juppiter, = hospitalis, id. ib. 10, 224.
    Fem., hospita, she who entertains a guest, a hostess: femina primaria, Servilia, vetere Dionis hospita, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 8, § 24: figura et lineamenta hospitae, id. ib. 2, 2, 36, § 89: Helene, Hor. C. 1, 15, 2.
    In late Lat., for a concubine, Inscr. Orell. 2669; 4996.
  2. II. Transf.
    1. A. A sojourner, visitor, guest, friend, ξένος. Lit.: in domo clari hominis, in quam et hospites multi recipiendi et admittenda hominum cujusque modi multitudo, Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139: libri inter Cratippi commentarios tamquam hospites recipiendi, id. ib. 3, 33, 121: recipere hospites, id. Verr. 2, 1, 25, § 65: accipere hospitem, id. Fam. 9, 26 fin.: non hospites, sed peregrini atque advenae, id. Agr. 2, 34, 94: habuisses non hospitem, sed contubernalem, id. Fam. 9, 20, 1: et hostem et hospitem vidit, id. Div. 2, 37, 79; 6, 6, 2: is qui nuper Romae fuit Menedemus hospes meus, id. de Or. 1, 19, 85; cf. id. Lael. 7, 24: Polybius noster hospes, id. Rep. 4, 3: id factum ex suis hospitibus Caesar cognoverat, Caes. B. G. 5, 6, 2: in suos notos hospitesque quaerebant, id. B. C. 1, 74, 5: hospes familiae vestrae, Cic. Lael. 11, 36: homo multorum hospitum, id. Clu. 59, 163: mihi seu longum post tempus venerat hospes Sive, etc., Hor. S. 2, 2, 118: si vespertinus subito te oppresserit hospes, id. ib. 2, 4, 17: hospite venturo, cessabit nemo tuorum, Juv. 14, 59: in officiis apud majores ita observatum est: primum tutelae, deinde hospiti, deinde clienti, tum cognato, postea adfini, Sabin. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 5.
      In fem.: meamne hic in via hospitam, Quae heri huc Athenis cum hospite advenit meo, etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 8; id. ib. 71; Ter. And. 2, 6, 8; Cic. Att. 5, 1, 3.
    2. B. Opp. to a native, a stranger, foreigner (syn.: advena, peregrinus, peregrinator, alienus): adeone hospes hujusce urbis, adeone ignarus es disciplinae consuetudinisque nostrae, ut haec nescias? Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 28: nec peregrinus atque hospes in agendo, id. de Or. 1, 50, 218: nos in nostra urbe peregrinantes errantesque tamquam hospites tui libri quasi domum deduxerunt, id. Ac. 1, 3, 9.
      So in addressing a foreigner, like the Gr. ξένε, stranger: cum (Theophrastus) percontaretur ex anicula quadam, quanti aliquid venderet, et respondisset illa atque addidisset, Hospes, non pote minoris: tulisse eum moleste, se non effugere hospitis speciem, cum aetatem ageret Athenis optimeque loqueretur, id. Brut. 46, 172; Quint. 8, 1, 2: dic, hospes, Spartae, nos te hic vidisse jacentes, Cic. poët. Tusc. 1, 42, 101 (a transl. of the Gr. [?*) = W CEI = N), A)GGE/LLEIN *AAKEDAIMONI/OIS ?], etc., Herod. 7, 228): hospes, quid miras curare Serapin? Varr. ap. Non. 480, 30; Prop. 4, 1, 1.
      Fem., hospita, a female stranger: hanc hospitam crepidula ut graphice decet, Plaut. Pers. 4, 2, 3.
    3. C. Hence, a stranger in any matter, ignorant of, unacquainted with: si erit idem in consuetudine civitatis hospes, Cic. de Or. 2, 30, 131: vos ignoretis, vos hospites in hac urbe versamini, id. Mil. 12, 33.
    4. D. Of inanim. or abstr. things adjectively, hospitable; strange, foreign.
          1. (α) Form hospes (only in post-Aug. poets): gemma, Pall. Insit. init.: tecta, etc., Stat. Th. 12, 479: cymba, id. S. 5, 1, 252: honor, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 650.
          2. (β) Form hospita (in the fem. and neutr. plur. mostly poet.): hirundines hospitae, Varr. ap. Arn. 6, 207: navis, Ov. F. 1, 340: quo tutior hospita lustres Aequora, Verg. A. 3, 377: conjunx hospita Teucris, id. ib. 6, 93: terra hospita, id. ib. 3, 539: tecta, Val. Fl. 2, 650: flumina, Stat. Th. 4, 842: litora mundo, id. S. 3, 5, 75: unda plaustris, bearing wagons on its frozen surface, Verg. G. 3, 362: vina, Val. Fl. 1, 44.