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D, d (n. indecl., sometimes f. sc. littera), the flat dental mute, corresponding in character and sound to the English

  1. I. d and the Greek Δ, was the fourth letter of the Latin alphabet, and was called de: Ter. Maur. p. 2385 P., Auson. Idyll. 12, de Litt. Monos. 14. But at the end of a syllable, or after another consonant, its sound was sharpened, so that the grammarians often discuss the question whether d or t should be written, especially in conjunctions and prepositions. Illa quoque servata est a multis differentia, ut ad cum esset praepositio, d litteram, cum autem conjunctio, t acciperet (Quint. 1, 7, 5; cf. id. 1, 4, 16). Hence we may infer that some disputed this distinction, and that the sounds of ad and at must at least have been very similar (cf. also Terent. Scaur. p. 2250, Vel. Long. p. 2230 sq., Cassiod. p. 2287, 2291). Thus also aput, it, quit, quot, aliut, set, haut are found for apud, id, quid, quod, aliud, sed, haud. It would appear from the remarks of these authors that the last two words in particular, having a proclitic character, while they distinctly retained the d sound before an initial vowel in the following word, were pronounced before a consonant almost as set, haut (Mar. Vict. p. 2462 P., Vel. Long. l. l. v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 191 sq.). The use of t for d in the middle of a word, as Alexenter for Alexander, atnato for adnato, is very rare (cf. Wordsworth, Fragm. p. 486 sq.). On the other hand, the use of d for t, which sometimes appears in MSS. and inscrr., as ed, capud, essed, inquid (all of which occur in the Cod. palimps. of Cic. Rep.), adque, quodannis, sicud, etc., fecid, reliquid, etc. (all in inscriptions after the Augustan period), is to be ascribed to a later phonetic softening (cf. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 191 sq.).
  2. II. As an initial, the letter d, in pure Latin words, suffers only a vowel after it; the single consonantal compound dr being found only in borrowed words, such as drama, Drusus, Druidae, etc., and in the two onomatopees drenso and drindio. Accordingly, the d of the initial dv, from du, was rejected, and the remaining v either retained unaltered (as in viginti for duiginti; cf. triginta) or changed into b (as in bellum, bis, bonus, for duellum, duis, duonus; v. those words and the letter B). So too in and after the 4th century A.D., di before vowels was pronounced like j (cf. Jovis for Djovis, and Janus for Dianus); and hence, as the Greek δι (di) passed into dz, i. e. ζ (as in ζ α for δ ια, and zeta for diaeta), we sometimes find the same name written in two or three ways, as Diabolenus, Jabolenus, Zabolenus; Jadera, Diadora, Zara. In many Greek words, however, which originally began with a y sound, d was prefixed by an instinctive effort to avoid a disagreeable utterance, just as in English the initial j has regularly assumed the sound of dj: thus Gr. ζυγόν, i. e. διυγον = L. jugum; and in such cases the d sound has been prefixed in Greek, not lost in Latin and other languages (v. Curt. Griech. Etym. p. 608 sq.).β. As a medial, d before most consonants undergoes assimilation; v. ad, no. II.; assum, init., and cf. iccirco, quippiam, quicquam, for idcirco, quidpiam, quidquam; and in contractions like cette from cedite, pelluviae from pediluviae, sella from sedela. In contractions, however, the d is sometimes dropped and a compensation effected by lengthening the preceding vowel, as scāla for scand-la. D before endings which begin with s was suppressed, as pes from ped-s, lapis from lapid-s, frons from frond-s, rasi from radsi, risi from rid-si, lusi from lud-si, clausi from claud-si; but in the second and third roots of cedo, and in the third roots of some other verbs, d is assimilated, as cessi, cessum, fossum, etc. D is also omitted before s in composition when another consonant follows the s, as ascendo, aspicio, asto, astringo, and so also before the nasal gn in agnatus, agnitus, and agnosco, from gnatus, etc.: but in other combinations it is assimilated, as assentio, acclamo, accresco; affligo, affrico; agglomero, aggrego; applico, approbo, etc. In tentum, from tendo, d is dropped to avoid the combination ndt or ntt, since euphony forbids a consonant to be doubled after another.γ. Final d stood only in ad, apud, sed, and in the neuter pronouns quid, quod, illud, istud, and aliud, anciently alid. Otherwise, the ending d was considered barbarous, Prisc. p. 686 P.
  3. III. The letter d represents regularly an original Indo-Germanic d, in Greek δ, but which in German becomes z [??], in Gothic t, and in Anglo-Saxon t: cf. Gr. ἥδομαι, Sanscr. svad, Germ. süss, Angl.-Sax. svēte (sweet), with Lat. suadeo; domare with Gr. δαμάω, Germ. zähmen, Eng. tame; domus with δέμω, timber, O. H. Germ. zimber; duo with δύω, zwei, two. But it is also interchanged with other sounds, and thus sometimes represents
      1. 1. An original t: mendax from mentior; quadraginta, quadra, etc., from quatuor.
      2. 2. An original r: ar and ad; apur or apor and apud; meridies and medidies, audio and auris; cf. arbiter, from ad-beto; arcesso for ad-cesso.
      3. 3. An original l: adeps, Gr. ἄλειφα; dacrima and lacrima, dingua and lingua; cf. on the contrary, olere for odere, consilium and considere, Ulixes from Ὀδυσσεύς (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 223).
      4. 4. An original s: Claudius, from the Sabine Clausus, medius and μίσος; and, on the contrary, rosa and ῤόδον.
      5. 5. A Greek θ: fides, πίστις; gaudere, γηθέω; vad-i-monium (from va-d-s, vadis), ἄεθλον.
  4. IV. In the oldest period of the language d was the ending of the ablat. sing. and of the adverbs which were originally ablatives (cf. Ritschl, Neue Plaut. Excur. I.; Brix ad Plaut. Trin. Prol. 10): puCNANDO, MARID, DICTATORED, IN ALTOD MARID, NAVALED PRAEDAD on the Col. Rostr.; DE SENATVOS SENTENTIAD (thrice) IN OQVOLTOD, IN POPLICOD, IN PREIVATOD, IN COVENTIONID, and the adverbs SVPRAD SCRIPTVM EST (thrice), EXSTRAD QVAM SEI, and even EXSTRAD VRBEM, in S. C. de Bacch. So intra-d, ultra-d, citra-d, contra-d, infra-d, supra-d; contro-d, intro-d, etc.; and probably interea-d, postea-d. Here too belongs, no doubt, the adverb FACILVMED, found in the last-mentioned inscription. But this use of the d became antiquated during the 3d century B.C., and is not found at all in any inscription after 186 B. C. Plautus seems to have used or omitted it at will (Ritschl, Neue Plaut. Excurs. p. 18: Corss. Ausspr. 1, 197; 2, 1008).
      1. 2. D final was also anciently found
        1. a. In the accus. sing. of the personal pronouns med, ted, sed: INTER SED CONIOVRASE and INTER SED DEDISE, for inter se conjuravisse and inter se dedisse, in the S. C. de Bacch. This usage was retained, at least as a license of verse, when the next word began with a vowel, even in the time of Plautus. But in the classic period this d no longer appears.
        2. b. In the imperative mood; as estod, Fest. p. 230. The Oscan language retained this ending (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 206).
        3. c. In the preposition se-, originally identical with the conjunction sed (it is retained in the compound seditio); also in red-, prod-, antid-, postid-, etc. (redire, prodire, etc.); and in these words, too, it is a remnant of the ancient characteristic of the ablative (v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 200 sq.; Roby, Lat. Gr. 1, 49).
  5. V. As an abbreviation, D usually stands for the praenomen Decimus; also for Deus, Divus, Dominus, Decurio, etc.; over epitaphs, D. M. = Diis Manibus; over temple inscriptions, D. O. M. = Deo Optimo Maxumo; in the titles of the later emperors, D. N. = Dominus Noster, and DD. NN. = Domini Nostri. Before dates of letters, D signified dabam, and also dies; hence, a. d. = ante diem; in offerings to the gods, D. D. = dono or donum dedit; D. D. D. = dat, dicat, dedicat, etc. Cf. Orell. Inscr. II. p. 457 sq.
    Note: The Romans denoted the number 500 by D; but the character was then regarded, not as a letter, but as half of the original Tuscan numeral [??] (or CIↃ) for 1000.

Dăae, v. Dahae.

Dăhae (less correctly written Daae, v. Bramb. s. v.), ārum, m., Δάαι, a Scythian tribe beyond the Caspian Sea, Mel. 1, 2, 5; Plin. 6, 17, 19, § 50; Liv. 35, 48; id. 37, 38; Tac. A. 2, 3; 11, 8; 10; Curt. 8, 3, 1; 16 al.; Verg. A. 8, 728; Luc. 2, 296; 7, 429; Sil. 13, 764; cf. Δάοι, Herod. 1, 125; Strab. p. 304; Ritter, Erdk. 7, 627 sq.; 668 sq.
In sing.: Dăhă, Prud. contr. Symm. 2, 807.

Dabanegoris Rĕgio, a part of Arabia, Plin. 6, 28, 32, § 150.

Dabar, ăris, m., a Numidian, a relative of Masinissa and an intimate friend of Bocchus, Sall. J. 108 and 109.

†† dabla, ae, f. [Arab. word], a kind of Arabian palm, which bears a delicious fruit, Plin. 13, 4, 7, § 34.

Dāci, ōrum, m., Δακοί,

  1. I. the Dacians, a famous warlike people, akin to the Thracians. They occupied what is now Upper Hungary, Transylvania, Moldavia, Wallachia, Bessarabia. Subdued by Trajan, they received Roman civilization, and thence retain in part the name Rumanians, Plin. 4, 12, 25; Caes. B. G. 6, 25; Tac. G. 1; id. H. 1, 79; 3, 46; Suet. Caes. 44; id. Aug. 8; Flor. 4, 12, 3; Hor. S. 2, 6, 53 et saep. In sing., Dācus, i, m., a Dacian (usually collect.), Verg. G. 2, 497; cf. Voss. ad loc.; Hor. Od. 1, 35, 9; 2, 20, 18; Tac. H. 1, 2 al.
  2. II. Hence,
    1. A. Dācĭa, ae, f., Δακία, the province Dacia, Tac. Agr. 41; Flor. 3, 4, 6; Oros. 1, 2; Jornand. Regn. Succ. p. 59, 52 al.: DACIA. APVLENSIS. (of the colony Apulum or Alba Julia, near Carlsburg), Inscr. Orell. no. 3888: (DECIO) RESTITVTORI DACIARVM, ib. no. 991. A part of it bordering on the Danube was Dacia Aureliani, Eutrop. 9, 15; and Dacia Ripensis, Jornand. Regn. Succ. p. 59, 51.
    2. * B. Dācus, a, um, adj., Dacian: proelia, Stat. S. 4, 2, 66 (written Dacius, Albin. Cons. ad Liv. 387).
    3. C. Dācĭcus, a, um, adj., Dacian: arma, Claud. VI. Cons. Honor. 335: rura, Sid. Carm. 1, 272. As subst., Da-cicus, i, m. (sc. nummus), a piece of gold coined under Domitian, the conqueror of the Dacians (Suet. Dom. 6), Juv. 6, 205.
    4. D. Dāciscus, a, um, adj., Dacian, imperium, Lact. de Mort. Pers. 27, 8.

‡ dăcrĭma, v. lacrima.

lā̆crĭma (archaic lacrŭma, not lacryma, lachryma; old form dacrĭma, freq. in Livius Andronicus, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 68 Müll.; v. the letter D), ae, f. [dacru-ma, kindred with Gr. δάκρυ; Sanscr. asru for dasru; Goth. tah-ja; Engl. tear; Germ. Zaehre; cf. the Sanscr. root dans and Gr. δάκ-νω, to bite], a tear.

  1. I. Lit.: meae in quem lacrumae guttatim cadunt, Enn. ap. Non. 116, 1 (Trag. v. 238 Vahl.): miserae, id. ib. (Trag. v. 168 id.): lacrimas effundere, Lucr. 1, 125: cito arescit lacrima, praesertim in alienis malis, Cic. Part. Or. 17, 57: lacrimas dare ignoto, to shed a tear, to weep for, Ov. M. 11, 720: lacrumas mi haec, quom video, eliciunt, quia, etc., Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 13: ut mi excivisti lacrumas, id. Cist. 1, 1, 113: homini lacrumae cadunt quasi puero gaudio, tears fall from his eyes for joy, he sheds tears of joy, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 20: lacrimis oculos suffusa nitentes, her brilliant eyes moistened with tears, Verg. A. 1, 228: neque prae lacrimis jam loqui possum, cannot speak for tears, Cic. Mil. 38, 105; cf. id. Planc. 41, 99: lacrimas non tenere, not withhold tears, not restrain them, id. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 172: tradere se lacrimis et tristitiae, id. Fam. 5, 14: lacrimis confici, id. ib. 14, 4: multis cum lacrimis obsecrare, Caes. B. G. 1, 20: manantibus prae gaudio lacrimis, shedding tears of joy, Curt. 7, 8, 5: lacrimis semper paratis, Juv. 6, 273: lacrumae confictae dolis, Ter. And. 3, 3, 26: diu cohibitae lacrimae prorumpunt, tears long restrained break forth, Plin. Ep. 3, 16: fatiscere in lacrimas, to dissolve in tears, Val. Fl. 3, 395: lacrumis opplet os totum sibi, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 65: lacrimas effundere, to shed, Lucr. 1, 126; Cic. Planc. 42, 101: profundere, id. Font. 17, 38: fundere, Vulg. Jud. 14, 16: mittere, to let flow, Sen. Ep. 76, 20; but lacrimas mitte, away with tears, Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 27: lacrimae siccentur protinus, Juv. 16, 27: dare, Verg. A. 4, 370: ciere, to cause to flow, id. ib. 6, 468: movere, Quint. 4, 2, 77: commovere, Curt. 5, 5, 7: cohibere, Plin. Ep. 3, 16, 5: per lacrimas effundere bilem, Juv. 5, 159: ciere, Verg. A. 6, 468: lacrumas excussit mihi, forced from me, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 115: quis talia fando temperet a lacrimis, Verg. A. 2, 6: abstersis lacrimis, Curt. 5, 5, 8: absterget Deus omnem lacrymam ab oculis, Vulg. Apoc. 7, 17.
    Prov.: hinc illae lacrumae, Ter. And. 1, 1, 99; imitated by Cic. Cael. 25, 61, and Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 41; cf.: inde irae et lacrimae, Juv. 1, 168.
  2. II. Transf., a tear or gum-drop which exudes from plants: narcissi, Verg. G. 4, 160: arborum, Plin. 11, 6, 5, § 14; 21, 5, 11, § 24; vitium, id. 23 praef. 3, § 3; Col. 10, 103.

Dactyli, ōrum, m., v. dactylus, no. VII.

† dactylus, i, m., = δάκτυλος (a finger, hence meton.).

  1. I. A sort of muscle: "ab humanorum unguium similitudine appellati," Plin. 9, 61, 87, § 184.
  2. II. A kind of grape, Col. 3, 2, 1; called also dacty-lis, Plin. 14, 3, 4, § 40.
  3. III. A sort of grass, Plin. 24, 19, 119, § 182.
  4. IV. A precious stone, Plin. 37, 10, 61, § 170.
  5. V. The date, Pall. Oct. 12, 1; Apic. 1, 1 al.
  6. VI. In metre, a dactyl, –⏑⏑ (in allusion to the three joints of the finger), Cic. Or. 64, 217; id. de Or. 3, 47, 182; Quint. 9, 4, 81 et saep.
  7. VII. Dactyli Idaei, Δάκτυλοι Ἰδαῖοι, a mythic body of men originally placed on Mt. Ida, in Phrygia, afterwards in the island of Crete; priests of Cybele, and as such regarded as identical with the Corybantes, and with the Samothracian Cabiri, Diom. p. 474 P.; Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 197 (in pure Lat., Idaei Digiti, Cic. N. D. 3, 16, 42).

† dactylĭcus, a, um, adj., = δακτυλικός, dactylic: numerus, Cic. Or. 57: pes, Prud. στεφ. 3, 209: metra, Serv. Centim. p. 1820 P.; versus, Diom. p. 494 P. al.

† dactylĭŏthēca, ae, f., = δακτυλιοθήκη.

      1. 1. A casket to keep rings in, Mart. 11, 59, 4; 14, 123, title.
      2. 2. Transf., a collection of seal-rings and jewels, Plin. 37, 1, 5, § 11; Caesaris, Murat. Inscr. 907, 3.

dactylis, ĭdis, f., a kind of grape; cf. the following, no. II.

Dācus, a, um, v. Daci, no. II. B.

Dădastăna, ae, f., a city of Bithynia, near the borders of Galatia; here the Emperor Jovian died, Amm. Marc. 25, 10; 26, 23.
Plur. form, Dadastă-nae, arum, Jornand. Regn. Succ. p. 53.

dādūchus, i, m., Gr. δᾳδοῦχος, the torch-bearer.
Plur.: dādūchi, the priests of Ceres (Demeter) at Eleusis, who guided the initiated with torches to the temple on the fifth day of the Mysteries, Front. Ep. ad Verr. 1; Fabrett. Inscr. 676, no. 29.

Daedăla, ōrum, n., Δαίδαλα.

  1. I. A fortified place in Caria, Plin. 5, 27, 29, § 103; Liv. 37, 22, 3.
    Hence, insulae Daedaleae, two small islands off the coast of Caria, Plin. 5, 31, 35, § 131.
  2. II. The name of a region in India, Curt. 8, 10, 19; cf. Daedali montes, Justin. 12, 7.

daedăle, adv., artistically, skilfully, v. 1, daedalus, fin.

Daedălĭōn, ōnis, m., Δαιδαλίων, a king of Trachis, son of Lucifer, and brother of Ceyx, who was changed into a hawk, Ov. M. 11, 295 sq.

    1. 1. † daedălus, a, um, adj., = δαίδαλος, artificial, skilful (poet. and in postclass. prose).
  1. I. Act.: Minerva, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 6 Müll. (Fr. Inc. Lib. xxi. Vahl.): daedalam a varietate rerum artificiorumque dictam esse apud Lucretium terram, apud Ennium Minervam, apud Vergilium Circen, facile est intellegere, cum Graece δαιδάλλειν significet variare, Paul. ex Fest. p. 68 Müll.: Circe ("ingeniosa," Serv.), Verg. A. 7, 282.
    1. B. With gen.: verborum daedala lingua, the fashioner of words, Lucr. 4, 549; cf.: natura daedala rerum, id. 5, 234.
  2. II. Pass., artificially contrived, variously adorned, ornamented, etc., δαιδάλεος: tecta (apium), skilfully constructed: signa, Lucr. 5, 145: tellus, variegated, id. 1, 7; 228; Verg. G. 4, 179; cf.: carmina chordis, artfully varied on strings, id. 2, 505.
    * Adv.: daedăle, skilfully, Jul. Val. Res gest. A. M. 3, 86.

2. Daedălus, i, m. (acc. Gr. Daedalon, Ov. M. 8, 261; Mart. 4, 49), Δαίδαλος.

  1. I. The mythical Athenian architect of the times of Theseus and Minos, father of Icarus, and builder of the Cretan labyrinth, Ov. M. 8, 159; 183; id. Tr. 3, 4, 21; Verg. A. 6, 14 Serv.; Mel. 2, 7, 12: Plin. 7, 56, 57; Hyg. Fab. 39; Cic. Brut. 18, 71; Hor. Od. 1, 3, 34; Mart. 4, 49, 5; Sil. 12, 89 sq., et saep.
    1. B. Hence,
      1. 1. Daedălē̆us, a, um, adj., Daedalian, relating to Daedalus:
          1. (α) Daedălēo Icaro, Hor. Od. 2, 20, 13: Ope Daedălēa, id. ib. 4, 2, 2.
          2. (β) Daedalĕum iter (i. e. through the labyrinth), Prop. 2, 14, 8 (3, 6, 8 M.).
      2. * 2. Daedălĭcus, a, um, adj., skilful: manus, Venant. 10, 11, 17.
  2. II. A later sculptor of Sicyon, son and pupil of Patrocles: et ipse inter fictores laudatus, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 76.
      1. 1. † daemon, ŏnis, m., = δαίμων, a spirit, genius, lar (post-class.).
  1. I. In gen.: App. de Deo Socr. p. 49, 5: bonus = ἀγαθοδαίμων, in astrology, the last but one of the twelve celestial signs, Firm. Math. 2, 19: melior, Jul. Val. Res gest. A. M. 1, 27.
  2. II. In eccl. writers: κατ’ ἐξοχήν, an evil spirit, demon, Lact. 2, 14; Vulg. Levit. 17, 7; id. Jacob. 2, 19; Tert. Apol. 22 init., et saep.

2. Daemon, ŏnis, m., the name of a Greek sculptor, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 87.

Daemŏnes, is, m., the name of an old man, a character in the Rudens, Plaut. Rud. Prol. 33; ib. 4, 7, 20.

† daemŏnĭăcus, a, um, adj., = δαιμονιακός, pertaining to an evil spirit, demoniac, devilish (eccl. Lat.).

  1. I. Adj.: ratio, Tert. Anim. 46: potentia, Lact. 4, 15.
  2. II. Subst.: daemoniacus, i, m., a demoniac, one possessed by an evil spirit, Firm. Math. 3, 6; Sulpic. Sever. Vit. S. Mart. 18.

* daemŏnĭcŏla, ae, m. [daemon-colo], a worshipper of devils, a heathen, Aug. Conf. 8, 2.

† daemŏnĭcus, a, um, adj., = δαιμονικός, belonging to an evil spirit, demoniac, devilish (eccl. Lat.): impetus, Tert. Res. Carn. 58: aras coli, Prud. στεφ. 36: fraudes, Lact. 4, 13, 16.

† daemŏnĭum, ii, n., = δαιμόνιον.

  1. I. A lesser divinity, a little spirit, Manil. 2, 938; Tert. Apol. 32.
  2. II. An evil spirit, demon, App. Mag. p. 315, 10; Vulg. Deut. p. 32, 17; Psa. 95, 5 et saep.; Tert. Apol. 21 al.

Daesĭtĭātae, ārum, m., a people in the south of Pannonia Superior, Pl. 3, 22, 26, § 143; Vell. Pat. 2, 115.

‡ dagnades, um, f., a kind of birds in Egypt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 15 Müll.

Dăhippus, i, m., Δάϊππος, a sculptor, son and pupil of Lysippus, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 87.

Daïphron, ŏnis, m., Δαίφρων, a Grecian sculptor, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 87.

Dalion, ōnis, m.

  1. I. A physician, Plin. 20, 17, 73, § 191.
  2. II. An historian, id. 6, 30, 35, § 194.

‡ dalivus, a word of unknown signif.; acc. to some, = supinus; acc. to others, = stultus or insanus, Paul. ex Fest. 68, 1 Müll.

Dalmătae or Delmătae (so very often in the best MSS. and inscrr., and on coins; cf. Vel. Long. p. 2233; Cassiod. p. 2287, and Orell. ad Hor. Od. 2, 1, 16), ārum, m., Δαλμάται,

  1. I. the Dalmatians, on the eastern coast of the Adriatic, Cic. Fam. 5, 11, 3; Tac. H. 3, 12; 50; Suet. Tib. 9; Flor. 4, 12, 3; 10; Inscr. Orell. no. 1833; 3037 al.
    Adj.: montes Dalmatae, Stat. S. 4, 7, 14.
  2. II. Hence,
    1. A. Dalmătĭa (Delm-), ae, f., Δαλματία, the country on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, Dalmatia, Plin. 3, 22, 26, § 141; Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10, 3; Tac. A. 2, 53; id. H. 1, 76 al.; Suet. Aug. 21; Flor. 3, 4, 1; Vell. Pat. 2, 39, 90; Ov. Pont. 2, 2, 78 et saep.
    2. B. Dalmătĭcus (Delm-), a, um, adj., Dalmatian: frigus, Vatin. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 10: Alpes, Plin. 11, 42, 97, § 240: mare, Tac. A. 3, 9: miles, id. H., 2, 86; bellum, id. A. 6, 37: triumphus, Hor. Od. 2, 1, 16; cf. Suet. Aug. 22: metallo, i. e. Dalmatian gold, Stat. S. 1, 2, 153; cf. Flor. 4, 12, 12.
      Hence,
          1. (α) Dalmătĭca, ae (sc. vestis), a long undergarment of Dalmatian wool, worn by priests during the mass, Edict. Diocl. 16, 4; 17, 1; cf. Isid. Orig. 19, 22, 9.
          2. (β) Dalmătĭcātus (Delm-), a, um, adj., clothed in such a garment, Lampr. Commod. 8; id. Elag. 26.
      1. 2. Subst.: Dal-mătĭcus (Delm-), i, m., surname of L. Metellus (cons. A. U. 635), on account of his victories over the Dalmatians, Ascon. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154.
    3. * C. Dalmătensis (Delm-), e, adj., Dalmatian: Gall. ap. Treb. Claud. 17.

1. dāma, ae, v. damma.

2. Dāma, ae, m., name of a slave, Hor. S. 1, 6, 38; 2, 5, 18; 101; 2, 7, 54.

damma (dama), ae, f. (m., Verg. Ec. 8, 28; Georg. 3, 539; A. 8, 641; Stat. Ach. 2, 408; cf. Quint. 9, 3, 6) [R. dam-, v. domo], a general name for beasts of the deer kind;

  1. I. a fallow deer, buck, doe, antelope, chamois, Plin. 8, 53, 79, § 214; 11, 37, 45, § 124; Verg. G. 1, 308; 3, 410; Hor. Od. 1, 2, 12; Ov. M. 1, 442; 10, 539; 13, 832; id. F. 3, 646; Juv. 11, 121; Sen. Hippol. 62; Sid. Ep. 8, 6.
  2. II. Transf., venison: nil damma sapit, Juv. 11, 121; Ov. M. 13, 832.

† dămălĭo, ōnis, m. [δάμαλος], a calf, Lampr. Alex. Sever. 22, 8.

Dămălis is (is or ĭdis, acc. to Probus, p. 124 Lindem.), f., the name of a woman, Hor. Od. 1, 36, 13 sq.

Dămascus (-os, Luc 3, 215; cf. Prob. II. p. 1462 fin. P., p. 121 Lindem.), i, f., Δαμασκός, Heb. Dammesek or Darmesek, the very ancient capital of Coelesyria, on the Chrysorrhoas, celebrated for its terebinths, and, since the time of the Emperor Diocletian, for its fabrics in steel, now Dameshk, Curt. 3, 12 sq.; Plin. 5, 18, 16, § 74; 13, 6, 12, § 54; Flor. 3, 5, 29; Stat. S. 1, 6, 14; Vulg. Gen. 14, 12.
Hence,

  1. I. Damascus, a, um, adj., of Damascus (eccl. Lat.), Vulg. Gen. 15, 2.
  2. II. Dăma-scēnus, a, um, adj., of Damascus, Damascene: pruna, Plin. 15, 13, 12, § 43; Pall. Nov. 7, 16; Mart. 13, 29; cf. absol., id. 5, 18, 3 (Eng. damson); and pruna Damasci, Col. 10, 404.
    1. B. Subst.:
      1. 1. DAMASCENVS, i, m.,
          1. (α) a surname of Juppiter, Inscr. Grut. 20, 2.
          2. (β) Plur.: the people of Damascus, Vulg. 2 Cor. 11, 32.
      2. 2. Dămascēna, ae, f. (sc. regio), the region about Damascus, Plin. 5, 12, 13, § 66; in the Greek form Damascene, Mel. 1, 11, 1.

Dămăsichthōn, ŏnis, m., Δαμασίχθων, son of Amphion and Niobe, slain by Apollo, Ov. M. 6, 254 al.

Dămăsippus, i, m., Δαμάσιππος (tamer of horses),

  1. I. Prætor 672 A. U. C., a follower of Marius, who acted with great cruelty towards the adherents of Sylla; afterwards put to death by order of Sylla, Sall. C. 51, 32; Vell. 2, 26, 2; Cic. Fam. 9, 21, 3.
  2. II. A surname in the gens Licinia, Caes. B. C. 2, 44; Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 2 sq.; id. Att. 12, 29 fin.; 33, 1 al.
  3. III. Name of a bankrupt merchant and ridiculous Stoic philosopher, Hor. S. 2, 3, 16 sqq.
  4. IV. Name of an actor, Juv. 8, 147.

† damasōnĭon, ii, n, = δαμασώνιον, a plant = alisma, Plin. 25, 10, 77, § 124.

‡ dāmium, ii, n.: sacrificium, quod fie bat in operto in honorem Bonae Deae. Dea quoque ipsa DAMIA et sacerdos ejus DAMIATRIX appellabatur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 8 Müll [δᾶμος = δῆμος]; cf. "damium, θυσίαι ὑπαίθριοι γινόμεναι," Gloss. Lab.

dāmĭurgus, v. demiurgus.

† dēmĭurgus, or acc. to the Dor. form dāmĭurgus, i, m., = δημιουργός, Dor. δᾶμιουργός.

  1. I. The chief magistrate in some of the Grecian states, Liv. 32, 22; 38, 30; title of a comedy of Turpilius, Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 1; Non. 226, 12 al.; cf. Rib. Com. p. 89 sq.
  2. II. The Maker of the world, Tert. adv. Valent. 24.

dammŭla, ae, f. dim., v. damula.

dāmŭla (damm-), ae, f. dim. [damma], a little fallow-deer, App. M. 8, p. 202, 26; Vulg. Isa. 13, 14.

damnābĭlis, e, adj. [damno], worthy of condemnation, damnable (late Lat. for damnandus, or dignus qui damnetur): invidia, Treb. XXX. Tyrann. 17: res (with turpes), Salv. 6: ad mea ipsa verba, i. e. by my own rule, Sid. Ep. 6, 1 fin. Comp.: facinus, Salv. 4.
Adv.: damnābĭlĭter, culpably, Aug. Ep. 23.

damnas, indecl. [do, v. damnum], bound to make a gift or contribution, hence an old legal t. t., condemned, sentenced to do any thing (esp. to pay a fine).

        1. (α) With sing.: TANTVM AES DARE DOMINO DAMNAS ESTO, Lex Aquilia in Dig. 9, 2, 2; so, damnas esto dare illi omnia, Auct. ap. Quint. 7, 9, 12; id. ib. 9; Inscr. Orell. no. 4425 and 4428; Tab. Heracl. ap. Harbold. Mon. Leg. p. 104: S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 129 al.
        2. (β) With plur.: decem dare damnas sunto, Dig. 30, 122; ib. 32, 34, 1.

damnāticĭus (or -tius), a, um, adj. [damno], condemned, sentenced: "Κατάκριτον damnaticium," Gloss. Gr. Lat. (late Lat.): etsi nihil de damnaticiis participarent, Tert. Praescr. Haeret. 34 fin.

damnātĭo, ōnis, f. [damno], condemnation (good prose).

  1. I. Prop.
    1. A. In gen.: (video) omnes damnatos, omnes ignominia affectos, omnes damnatione ignominiaque dignos illuc facere, etc., Cic. Att. 7, 3, 5; id. Verr. 2, 2, 41: quid est illa damnatione judicatum, nisi, etc.? id. Clu. 20: si damnatio ingruit, Tac. A, 4, 35: certi damnationis, Suet. Tib. 61 al.
      In eccl. Lat. esp. of the displeasure of God: quorum damnatio justa est, Vulg. Rom. 3, 8; 8, 1.
      In plur.: reorum acerbissimae damnationes (opp. libidinosissimae liberationes), Cic. Pis. 36; Tac. A. 3, 31 fin.
      With gen. of the offence: ambitus, Cic. Clu. 36, 98; of the punishment: tantae pecuniae, id. Verr. 2, 17, 42.
      With ad and accus. of the punishment: ad furcam, Dig. 48, 19, 28: hominis ad carnificinam, dei ad poenam sempiternam, Lact. 5, 11, 8; animarum ad aeterna supplicia, id. 2, 12, 9.
    2. B. Esp. with reference to the meaning of damnas (v. h. v.): an heir’s obligation to pay, Paul. Sent. 3, 6.
  2. II. Transf., of inanimate things: apiastrum in confessa damnatione est venenatum, Plin. 20, 11, 45, § 116.

damnātor, ōris, m. [damno], one who condemns (late Lat.), Tert. ad Nat. 1, 3; id. adv. Marc. 1, 7: damnator Christi frater iniquus, Sedul. Hymn. 1, 10 al.

damnātōrĭus, a, um, adj. [damnator], damnatory, condemnatory (rare, but good prose): judicium, * Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 22: d. et absolutoria tabella, * Suet. Aug. 33: ferrum, Amm. 28, 1 fin.

damnātus, a, um, v. damno, P. a.

‡ damnaustra and ‡ dannaustra, words of a charm to cure a dislocated joint, Cato R. R. 160.

damnĭfĭco, āre, v. a., to injure: (eccl. Lat.) aliquem pecuniis, to fine, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 7, 29.

damnĭfĭcus, a, um, adj. [damnumfacio], injurious, hurtful, pernicious: bestia, Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 62: damnificum est aliquid facere, Pall. 3, 9 fin.

* damnĭgĕrŭlus, a, um, adj. [damnum-gero], injurious, pernicious, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 1.

damno (in vulg. lang. and late Lat. sometimes dampno), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [damnum].

  1. I. Gen., to occasion loss or damage to, to harm, damage = damno afficere: pauperibus parcere, divites damnare atque domare, Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 10.
  2. II. Esp. [cf. damnum, II.] a judicial t. t., to condemn, doom, sentence one to any punishment = condemno, v. Cic. Or. 49, 166 (opp. to absolvere, liberare, dimittere; cf. also condemno, culpo, improbo; common and classical).
    Constr. with acc. of person, either alone or with gen., abl., de, in, ad, etc., of the crime and punishment: damnatur aliquis crimine vel judicio, sed sceleris, parricidii, etc., Lachm. ad Lucr. 2, p. 273 sq.; cf. Munro, ad Lucr. 4, 1183: Zumpt, Gr. § 446 sq.; Roby, Gr. § 1199 sq.
          1. (α) With acc. pers. alone: ergo ille damnatus est: neque solum primis sententiis, quibus tantum statuebant judices, damnarent an absolverent, sed etiam illis, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 54, 231; id. Rosc. Am. 39, 114: censoris judicium nihil fere damnato nisi ruborem affert, id. Rep. 4, 6 (fragm. ap. Non. 24, 9): ego accusavi, vos damnastis, Dom. Afer ap. Quint. 5, 10, 79 et saep.
            Transf., of things: causa judicata atque damnata, Cic. Rab. perd. 4; id. Clu. 3.
          2. (β) With acc. pers. and gen. (criminis or poenae): ambitus damnati, Caes. B. C. 3, 1, 4; Cic. Brut. 48 fin.: furti, id. Flacc. 18, 43: injuriarum, id. Verr. 2, 5, 41 fin.: majestatis, id. Phil. 1, 9, 23: peculatus, id. Verr. 1, 13, 39: rei capitalis, id. de Sen. 12, 42; sceleris conjurationisque, id. Verr. 2, 5, 5 Zumpt N. cr., et saep.: capitis, Caes. B. C. 3, 83, 4; 3, 110, 4: octupli, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 11, § 28: absentem capitalis poenae, Liv. 42, 43, 9; cf.: crimine falso damnari mortis, Verg. A. 6, 430.
          3. (γ) With abl.: ut is eo crimine damnaretur, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 45; so, capite, id. Tusc. 1, 22 al.: morte, Sen. Herc. Oet. 888: tertiā parte agri, Liv. 10, 1, 3: pecuniā, Just. 8, 1, 7; cf.: Milo Clodio interfecto eo nomine erat damnatus, on that account, Caes. B. C. 3, 21, 4; morti (abl.) damnare, Liv. 4, 37, 6, v. Weissenb. ad loc.
          4. (δ) With de: de majestate damnatus, Cic. Verr. 1, 13, 39: de vi et de majestate, id. Phil. 1, 9: de vi publica, Tac. A. 4, 13 al.; cf. quibus de causis damnati, Val. Max. 8, 1 init.
            (ε) With in or ad: nec in metallum damnabuntur, nec in opus publicum, vel ad bestias, Dig. 49, 18, 3: ad mortem, Tac. A. 16, 21; ad extremum supplicium, id. ib. 6, 38: Suet. Cal. 27; id. Ner. 31.
            (ζ) With ut, Tac. A. 2, 67.
            (η) With quod: Athenienses Socratem damnaverunt quod novam religionem introducere videbatur, Val. Max. 1, 1, 7, ext. 7: Baebius est damnatus, quod milites praebuisset, etc., Liv. 45, 31, 2.
            (θ) With cur: damnabantur cur jocati essent, Spart. Sev. 14, § 13.
    1. B. Transf.
      1. 1. To bind or oblige one’s heir by last will and testament to the performance of any act.
        Constr. with ut, ne, or the inf.: si damnaverit heredem suum, ut, etc., Dig. 12, 6, 26; with ne, ib. 8, 4, 16; with inf.: heredem dare, etc., ib. 30, 12: Hor. S. 2, 3, 86.
      2. 2. In a non-legal sense, to condemn, censure, judge: (with acc. pers. and gen. or abl.) aliquem summae stultitiae, Cic. Part. 38, 134: damnatus longi Sisyphus laboris, Hor. Od. 2, 14, 19: stultitiaeque ibi se damnet (amator), Lucr. 4, 1179: damnare aliquem voti (poet. and late Lat., voto, votis), to condemn one to fulfil his vow, i. e. by granting his prayer (not in Cic.): damnabis tu quoque votis, Verg. E. 5, 80, Serv. and Heyne: voto, Sisenn. ap. Non. 277, 11: voti, Liv. 10, 37 fin.; 27, 45: voto damnatus, Hyg. Astr. 2, 24; Lact. Fab. 10, 8 (cf.: voti, Titin. and Turpil. ap. Non. 277, 6 and 10; Titin. Fr. 153; Turpil. Fr. 128 Ribb.): morti, Lucr. 6, 1231; cf.: Stygio caput damnaverat Orco, Verg. A. 4, 699: damnati turis acervi, devoted to the gods below, Stat. S. 2, 21 et saep.; cf. also: quem damnet (sc. leto) labor, Verg. A. 12, 727 Heyne: damnare eum Senecam et invisum quoque habere, to condemn, censure, disapprove, Quint. 10, 1, 125: videntur magnopere damnandi, qui, etc., id. 5, 1, 2: debitori suo creditor saepe damnatur, Sen. Ben. 6, 4, 4.
        Of inanimate objects, to condemn, reject: ne damnent quae non intelligunt, id. 10, 1, 26; cf. id. 10, 4, 2; 11, 3, 70 et saep.
        Part. fut. pass. as subst.: quem non puduisset damnanda committere, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 5.
  3. II. Of the plaintiff, to seek or effect a person’s condemnation (rare): quem ad recuperatores modo damnavit Plesidippus, Plaut. Rud. 5, 1, 2; Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 6: Verrem, quem M. Cicero damnaverat, Plin. 34, 2, 3, § 6; Liv. 7, 16, 9; cf. condemno, no. II., and condemnator, no. II.
    Hence,damnātus, a, um, P. a.
  1. I. Prop., condemned: dicet damnatas ignea testa manus, Prop. 5, 7, 38.
  2. II. Meton. (effectus pro causa), reprobate, criminal: quis te miserior? quis te damnatior? Cic. Pis. 40: damnati lingua vocem habet, vim non habet, Pub. Syr. 142 (Ribb.).
    1. B. Hateful, wretched: damnatae noctes, Prop. 4, 12 (5, 11 M.), 15.

damnōse, adv., v. next art. fin.

damnōsus, a, um, adj. [damnum], full of injury; and hence,

  1. I. Act., that causes injury, injurious, hurtful, destructive, pernicious (very freq. since the Aug. period, not in Cicero or Caesar): quid tibi commerci est cum dis damnosissimis? Plaut. Bac. 1, 2, 9; cf. Venus, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 21: libido, id. ib. 2, 1, 107: canes, the worst cast of the tali (v. canis), Prop. 4, 8, 46; cf. Isid. Orig. 18, 65 al.: et reipublicae et societatibus infidus damnosusque, Liv. 25, 1: bellum sumptuosum et damnosum ipsis Romanis, id. 45, 3; Ov. M. 10, 707 et saep.
  2. * II. Pass., that suffers injury, injured, unfortunate: senex, Plaut. Epid. 2, 3, 14.
  3. III. Mid., that injures himself, wasteful, prodigal; a spendthrift: dites mariti, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 24: id. Ps. 1, 5, 1; Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 11: non in alia re damnosior quam in aedificando, Suet. Ner. 31.
    * Adv.: damnōse (acc. to no. I.), in conversational language = immodice: nos nisi damnose bibimus, moriemur inulti, to the injury of the host, i. e. deep, hard, Hor. S. 2, 8, 34.

damnum (late Lat. sometimes dampnum), i, n. [for daminum, neut. of old Part. of dare, = τὸ διδόμενον, v. Ritschl, Opusc. Phil. 2, 709 sq. Less correctly regarded as akin to δαπάνη. Cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 176 Müll.; Dig. 39, 2, 3], hurt, harm, damage, injury, loss; opp. to lucrum (syn. jactura, detrimentum, incommodum, dispendium. Freq. and class.).

  1. I. In gen.: hauscit, hoc paullum lucri quantum ei damni adportet, Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 25; cf.: si in maximis lucris paullum aliquid damni contraxerit, Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 91; id. Verr. 2, 1, 12 (with dedecus, as in Plaut. Bac. 1, 1, 37; Sall. J. 31, 19; Hor. S. 1, 2, 52; 2, 2, 96 et saep.); Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 13; id. Phil. 2, 27, 67; Hor. S. 2, 3, 300; id. Ep. 1, 7, 88 et saep.: propter damna aut detrimenta aliquos miseros esse, Cic. Leg. 1, 19, 51; so with detrimenta, id. Verr. 2, 3, 98; with jactura, id. Agr. 1, 7, 21: duarum cohortium damno exercitum reducere, * Caes. B. G. 6, 44; cf. Tac. A. 1, 71; id. H. 2, 66; Curt. 8, 4; Frontin. Strat. 2, 5, 31 fin.: damnum dare alicui, to inflict upon one (ante-classical), Cato R. R. 149 (twice); Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 108; id. Truc. 2, 1, 17; Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 116: facere, to suffer, sustain, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 77 (opp. lucrum); Cic. Brut. 33; id. Fam. 7, 33; 10, 28, 3 al.; but also, to inflict a penalty, Dig. 9, 2, 30, § 3; Ov. Fast. 5, 311: capere, Dig. 9, 2, 39; and in the alliterative passage: in palaestram, ubi damnis desudascitur, Ubi pro disco damnum capiam, Plaut. Bac. 1, 1, 34: accipere, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 28; Dig. 39, 2, 25: pati, to suffer harm, Sen. Ira, 1, 2; Dig. 9, 2, 29 (but damnum pati, also, to permit, put up with harm, Liv. 22, 41, 4; Luc. 8, 750): ferre (a favorite expression of Ovid), Ov. H. 15, 64; id. F. 1, 60; 2, 522; id. Tr. 3, 8, 34 al.: contrahere (of disease), id. Pont. 1, 10, 29 et saep.: pervenit ad miseros damno graviore colonos Pestis, id. M. 7, 552; cf. id. ib. 3, 213; 8, 777: damna tamen celeres reparant caelestia lunae, i. e. of the waning of the moon, Hor. Od. 4, 7, 13: naturae damnum, natural defect, Liv. 7, 4 fin.
    Prov.: damnum appellandum est cum mala fama lucrum, Pub. Syr. 135 (Ribb.).
    1. B. Transf., of persons: hoc ad damnum (i. e. scortum) deferetur, Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 24: cf. ib. 21 and 60; Ov. M. 11, 381; 12, 16; cf. id. ib. 11, 133.
  2. II. Esp. in law.
    1. A. A fine, mulct, penalty, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 182; Liv. 4, 53, 7; 7, 4, 2; Gell. 20, 1, 32: quis umquam tanto damno senatorem coegit? Cic. Phil. 1, 5 fin.: eos (leges) morte, exsilio, vinclis, damno coercent, id. Off. 3, 5, 23.
    2. B. Freq. in the terms,
      1. 1. damnum injuria (datum), i. e. an injury done to another’s beast or slave, for which the lex Aquilia provided compensation, (Caesulenus senex) cum ab Sabellio multam lege Aquilia damni injuria petivisset, Cic. Brut. 34, 131; id. Tull. 4, 8; 5, 11; 17, 41.
      2. 2. Damnum infectum, an injury not done but threatened, and against which the person endangered might require security, Cic. Top. 4, 22; Dig. 39, 2, 3; Plin. 36, 2, 2, § 6 (cf. infectus).

Dāmō̆cles, is, m., a courtier of Dionysius the younger, Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 6 (cf. Hor. Od. 3, 1, 17; Pers. 3, 40).

Dāmoetas, ae, m., Δαμοίτας, name of a shepherd, Verg. E. 3, 1.

Dāmon, ōnis, m. Δάμων.

  1. I. A Pythagorean, celebrated on account of the friendship between him and Phintias, Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45; Val. Max. 4, 7.
  2. II. An Athenian musician, teacher of Socrates, Cic. de Or. 3, 33; Nep. Epam. 2.
  3. III. A goat-herd, Verg. E. 3, 17; 8, 1 sq.

dampno, v. damno init.

Dănăē, ēs, f., Δανάη,

  1. I. daughter of Acrisius, and mother of Perseus by Zeus, who visited her in the form of a shower of gold, when she was shut up in a tower by her father, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 37; Hor. Od. 3, 16, 1 sq.; Serv. Verg. A. 7, 372; Hyg. Fab. 63; Lact. 1, 11, 18; Prop. 2, 20, 12 (3, 13, 12 M.); 2, 32, 59 (3, 30, 59 M.); Ov. Met. 4, 610; id. Tr. 2, 401; Verg. A. 7, 410 al.
    Hence,
  2. II. Dănăēĭus, a, um, adj., Δαναήϊος, pertaining to Danae, descended from Danae: heros, i. e. Perseus, Ov. M. 5, 1; called also volucer Danaeius, Stat. Th. 10, 892; Persis (so named after Perses, the son of Perseus, and ancestor of the Persians), Ov. A. A. 1, 225.

Dănăi, v. Danaus, II. A.

Dănăus, i, m., Δαναός,

  1. I. son of Belus, and twin-brother of Aegyptus: he was the father of fifty daughters; he emigrated from Egypt into Greece, and there founded Argos; was slain by Lynceus, after a reign of fifty years, Hyg. Fab. 168; 170; Serv. Verg. A. 10, 497; Cic. Parad. 6, 1, 44; cf. under no. II. B.
    Danai porticus, at Rome, dedicated by Augustus to the Palatine Apollo (726 A. U. C.), famed for its statues of Danaus and his daughters, Ov. Am. 2, 2, 4; cf. Prop. 2, 31, 4 (3, 29, 4 M.); Tibul. 1, 3, 79; Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 60.
  2. II. Derivv.
    1. A. Dănăus, a, um, adj. (belonging to Danaus; hence, in the poets, meton.), Greek, Grecian: classes, Ov. M. 13, 92; cf. rates, Prop. 3, 22, 34 (4, 22, 34 M.): flammae, Ov. M. 14, 467: ignis, id. Her. 8, 14: miles, id. ib. 24: manus, id. R. Am. 66: res, id. M. 13, 59. Esp. freq.,
    1. A. Subst. plur.: Dănăi, ōrum, m., the Danai, for the Greeks (esp. freq. of the Greeks before Troy), Cic. Tusc. 4, 23, 52; id. Fin. 2, 6, 18; Prop. 3, 8, 31 (4, 7, 31 M.); Verg. A. 2, 5 et saep.
      Gen. plur.: Danaum, Lucr. 1, 87; Prop. 2, 26, 38 (3, 22, 18 M.); 3, 9, 40 (4, 8, 40 M.); Verg. A. 1, 30 et saep.
    2. B. Dănăĭdes, um, f., [?*DANAI+/(DES ?], the daughters of Danaus, the Danaides, who, with the exception of Hypermnestra, murdered their husbands at their father’s command, Hyg. Fab. 170; 255; Sen. Herc. Fur. 757. The classical poets substitute Danai proles, Tib. 1, 3, 79; cf. Prop. 2, 31, 4 (3, 29, 4 M.): Danai puellae, Hor. Od. 3, 11, 23: Danai genus infame, id. ib. 2, 14, 18.
    3. C. Dănăĭdae, ārum, m., Δαναΐδαι = Danai (v. no. II. A.), the Greeks, Sen. Troad. 611.

Dănaster, tri, m., a river forming the boundary between Dacia and Sarmatia, now the Dniester, Mel. 2, 1; Amm. Marc. 31, 3, 3 (class. Tyras).

Dandări (Tindări), ōrum, m., Δανδάριοι, a Scythian tribe in Asiatic Sarmatia, S. E. of the Palus Maeotis, Plin. 6, 7, 7, § 19: also called Dandăridae, Tac. A. 12, 15; and their country Dandă-rica, id. ib. 16.

dane = dasne, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 22; v. do init.

Dāni, ōrum, m., the Danes, the people of Denmark, Venant. Carm. 7, 7, 50; Jornand. de Reb. Getic. p. 83.
Hence,

  1. A. Dā-nĭa, ae, f., Denmark, Aen. Silv. Hist. Fred. III. p. 131.
  2. B. Dānĭcus, a, um, adj., Danish, id. ib.

Dănĭēl, ēlis, m., the Hebrew prophet, Vulg. Dan. passim, Ezek. 14, 14.

† dănīsta, ae, m., = δανειστής, a money-lender, usurer: fenerator (only in Plautus), Plaut. Epid. 1, 1, 51; 2, 2, 67; id. Most. 3, 1, 6; id. Ps. 1, 3, 53; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 14.
Hence, dănīstĭcus, a, um, adj., = δανειστικός, money-lending, usurious: genus hominum, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 129.

dăno, v. do, ad init.

Dānŭvĭus (the ending -ubius is a corruption of late Latin, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 126), ii, m., Δανούβιος,

  1. I. the Danube (in the upper part of its course; in the lower called Ister, though the poets use both names promiscuously), Mel. 2, 1, 8; Plin. 4, 12, 25, § 80; Amm. 22, 9; * Caes. B. G. 6, 25; Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Acr. Hor. A. P. 18 (3, 9 Dietsch); Tac. G. 29; Ov. Pont. 4, 9, 80; id. Tr. 2, 192 al.; Hor. Od. 4, 15, 21; Tac. G. 1; id. A. 2, 53; Orell. Inscr. 648 al.
    Hence,
  2. II. Dānŭvīnus (Danub-), a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Danube, Danubian: limes, Sid. Ep. 8, 12.

dăpālĭs, e, adj. [daps], belonging to a sacrificial feast (ante and post-class.): cena, Titin. ap. Non. 95, 5 (v. 136 Ribbeck); Aus. Ep. 9, 13: Juppiter, to whom such a cena was offered, Cato, R. R. 132.

‡ dăpātĭce = magnifice, and dăpātĭ-cus = magnificus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 4 and 5 Müll. [daps].

Daphitas (-das), ae, m., a sophist of Telmessus, killed by falling from his horse, Cic. de Fat. 3, 5.

† dā̆phne (Inscr. freq. DAPHINE, v. Ritschl, Opusc. Phil. 2, 483 sq.), ēs, f., = δάφνη,

  1. I. the laurel-tree, bay-tree: baccis redimita daphne, Petr. 131, 8.
    Hence,
  2. II. Proper name Daphne, es, f.
    1. A. The daughter of the river-god Peneus; she was changed into a laurel-tree, Ov. M. 1, 452; id. H. 15, 25; Hyg. Fab. 203; Serv. Verg. A. 3, 91: according to Serv. Verg. A. 2, 513, and id. Ecl. 3, 63, daughter of the river-god Ladon.
    2. B. A place in Syria, near Antioch, Liv. 33, 49; Hieron. in Ezech. 47, 18; Amm. 19, 12; Vulg. 2 Macc. 4, 33.
      Hence,
      1. 1. Daphnaeus, a, um, adj., of or at Daphne, Apollo, Amm. 22, 13, 1.
      2. 2. Daphnensis, e, adj., belonging to Daphne: lucus, Cod. Just. 11, 77, 1: palatium, Cod. Theod. 15, 2, 2.

† daphnĭa, ae, f., an unknown precious stone, Plin. 37, 10, 57, § 157.

Daphnis, ĭdis, m., Δάφνις.

  1. I. A son of Mercury, a beautiful young shepherd in Sicily, the inventor of pastoral songs, and hence a favorite of Pan, Ov. M. 4, 277.
    Acc. usu. Daphnim, Verg. E. 2, 26; 5, 20; 7, 7 et saep: Daphnin, id. ib. 5, 52; Prop. 2, 34, 68 (3, 32, 68 M.).
  2. II. A grammarian, sportively called, in allusion to the preceding, Πανὸς ἀγάπημα, Suet. Gramm. 3; Plin. 7, 39, 40, § 128.

† dāphnŏīdes, ae, f., = δαφνοειδής (laurel-like).

  1. I. A sort of cassia, Plin. 12, 20, 43, § 98.
  2. II. Spurge-laurel or mezereon, Daphne Mezereum, Linn.; Plin. 15, 30, 39, § 132.
  3. III. The plant called also Clematis Aegyptia, Plin. 24, 15, 90, § 141.

† daphnōn, ōnis, m., = δαφνών, a laurel-grove, Petr. 126, 12; Mart. 10, 79, 5; 12, 51, 1.

dăpĭfer, ĕri, m. [daps-fero], a servant who waited at table, Inscr. Murat. 915, 3: cf. dapifer, σιτοφόρος, Gloss. Philox.

dăpĭfex, icis, m. [daps-facio], a servant who prepared food, Inscr. Murat. 1322, 9.

* dăpĭno, āre, v. a. [daps, cf. Gr. δεῖπνον], to serve up, as food: victum, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 117.

daps or dăpis, dăpis (nom. daps obsol. Paul. Diac. p. 68, 3: dapis, Juvenc. ap. Auct. de gen. nom. p. 78.
The gen. pl. and dat. sing. do not occur, but are supplied by epulae, cena, convivium, q. v.), f. [stem, dap-, Gr. δαπάνη, expense: cf. δεῖπνον; R. da-, Gr. δαίω, to distribute; Sanscr. dapajami, to cause to divide], a solemn feast for religious purposes, a sacrificial feast (before beginning to till the ground; the Greek προηρόσια, made in honor of some divinity, in memory of departed friends, etc. Thus distinguished from epulae, a meal of any kind: convivium, a meal or feast for company; epulum, a formal or public dinner, v. h. v.).

  1. I. Prop.: dapem pro bubus piro florente facito … postea dape facta serito milium, panicum, alium, lentim, Cato R. R. 131 and 132; id. ib. 50 fin.: pro grege, an offering for the protection of the flock, Tib. 1, 5, 28; Liv. 1, 7 ad fin.: ergo obligatam redde Jovi dapem, Hor. Od. 2, 7, 17: nunc Saliaribus Ornare pulvinar deorum Tempus erat dapibus, id. ib. 1, 37, 4: sollemnis dapes et tristia dona, Verg. A. 3, 301.
  2. II. Transf. by the poets and post-Augustan prose-writers beyond the sphere of religion, and used of every (esp. rich, sumptuous) meal, a feast, banquet, in the sing. and plur. (in Verg. passim, in Tibul. in this signif. only plur.).
          1. (α) Sing.: ne cum tyranno quisquam … eandem vescatur dapem, Att. ap. Non. 415, 25 (v. 217 Ribbeck): quae haec daps est? qui festus dies? Liv. Andr. ap. Prisc. p. 752 P. (transl. of Hom. Od. 1, 225: τίς δαΐς, τίς δὲ ὅμιλος ὅδ’ ἔπλετο); so Catull. 64, 305; Hor. Od. 4, 4, 12; id. Epod. 5, 33; id. Ep. 1, 17, 51: of a simple, poor meal, Ov. H. 9, 68; 16, 206. Opp. to wine: nunc dape, nunc posito mensae nituere Lyaeo, Ov. F. 5, 521; cf. so in plur., id. M. 8, 571; Verg. A. 1, 706.
          2. (β) Plur.: Tib. 1, 5, 49; 1, 10, 8; Verg. E. 6, 79; id. G. 4, 133; id. A. 1, 210 et saep.; Hor. Od. 1, 32, 13; id. Epod. 2, 48; Ov. M. 5, 113; 6, 664; Tac. A. 14, 22 et saep.: humanae, human excrement, Plin. 17, 9, 6, § 51.

dapsĭle, adv., sumptuously, bountifully, v. the foll. art., Adv., no. β fin.

dapsĭlis, e (abl. plur. dapsilis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 3), adj. [δαψιλής, daps], sumptuous, bountiful, richly provided with every thing, abundant (mostly ante- and post-class.; in the class. period perhaps only in Colum. and Suet.): sumptus, Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 66: dotes, id. Aul. 2, 1, 45: corollae, id. Ps. 5, 1, 21: lectus, id. Truc. 1, 1, 34; lubentiae, id. Ps. 1, 4, 3: proventus (vitis), Col. 4, 27, 6: copia facundiae, App. M. 11, p. 258, 12.

        1. (β) With abl.: spionia dapsilis musto, Col. 3, 2, 27.
          Advv., sumptuously, bountifully.
  1. A. Form dapsĭlĭter: d. suos amicos alit, Naev. ap. Charis. p. 178 P. (v. 39 Ribbeck).
  2. B. Form dapsĭle: verrem sume dapsile ac dilucide, Pompon. ap. Non. 513, 27 (v. 161 Ribbeck): convivebatur, * Suet. Vesp. 19.
      1. * b. Comp. invitavit se dapsilius, Lucil. ap. Non. 321, 29.

dardănārĭus, ii, m., a speculator in corn, forestaller (law Lat.), Dig. 47, 11, 6; 48, 19, 37.

Dardăni, ōrum, m., Δάρδανοι, a people in Upper Moesia, the modern Servia, Plin. 3, 26, 29, § 149; Caes. B. C. 3, 4; Cic. Sest. 43, 94; Liv. 43, 20; Eutrop. 5, 7; Just. 8, 6, 3 al.
Hence, Dardănĭa, ae, f., their country, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 5.

1. Dardănus, i, m., Δάρδανος.

  1. I. The son of Jupiter and Electra of Arcadia, founder of the city Dardania, in Troas, and ancestor of the royal race of Troy, Att. ap. Schol. Bern. ad Verg. G. 1, 502 (v. 653 Ribb.); Verg. A. 8, 134 Serv.; 6, 650; 3, 167 al.; cf. Heyne Verg. A. 3 Excurs. 6; Lact. 1, 23, 3: acc. Dardanon, Ov. F. 4, 31.
    1. B. Hence,
      1. 1. Dardănus, a, um, adj., Dardanian, poet. for Trojan: praeda, Prop. 1, 19, 14: puppis, i. e. of Aeneas, id. 4, 1, 40 (5, 1, 40 M.): arma, Verg. A. 2, 618: pubes, id. ib. 5, 119: gens, Hor. Od. 1, 15, 10: Troja, Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 4; also for Roman, as the Romans were descendants of Aeneas: ductor, i. e. the Roman, Scipio Africanus, Sil. 1, 14.
      2. 2. Dardănĭus, a, um, adj., Dardanian, poet. for Trojan: gentes, Att. ap. Apul. de Deo Soc. 24 (v. 523 Ribbeck): gens, Verg. A. 1, 602: Aeneae, id. ib. 1, 494; 6, 169; cf. carinae, i. e. of Aeneas, id. ib. 4, 658; and pinus, the same, Ov. F. 1, 519: Anchisae, Verg. A. 1, 617; 9, 647: Iulus (son of Aeneas), Ov. M. 15, 767: Roma, id. ib. 15, 431: vates, i. e. Helenus, id. ib. 13, 335: advena, i. e. Paris, id. H. 8, 42: senex, i. e. Priam, id. Tr. 3, 5, 38: triumphus, Prop. 2, 14, 1 (3, 6, 1 M): minister, i. e. Ganymedes, Mart. 11, 104, et saep.
        1. b. Subst.: Dardănia, ae, f.,
          1. (α) the city Dardania, founded by Dardanus on the Hellespont, S. W. of Abydos (whence its mod. name, the Dardanelles), Ov. Tr. 1, 10, 25. Oftener, esp. in Vergil,
          2. (β) poet. for Troja, Verg. A. 2, 281; 325; 3, 52; Ov. H. 16, 57.
      3. 3. Dardănĭdes, ae, m., son or descendant of Dardanus: Ilus, Ov. F. 6, 419.
        Absol. for Aeneas, Verg. A. 10, 545; 12, 775.
        In plur. for Trojan: pastores, id. ib. 2, 59.
        Absol. for Trojans, id. ib. 2, 72; 445 et saep.
      4. 4. Dardănis, ĭdis, f., adj., Dardanian, poet. for Trojan: matres, Ov. M. 13, 412: nurus, id. H. 16, 194; 17, 212: Caieta (founded by Trojans), Mart. 10, 30.
        Absol. for Creüsa, Verg. A. 2, 787.
  2. II. A magician of Phoenicia, Plin. 30, 1, 2, § 9; App. Mag. p. 331, 14.
    Hence,
      1. 2. Dardănius, a, um, adj., of Dardanus: poet. for Magic, artes, Col. 10, 358.
  3. III. A Stoic philosopher otherwise unknown, Cic. Ac. 2, 22, 69.

2. Dardănus, a, um; v. the preceding art. no. I. B. 1.

Dăres, ētis and is, m., Δάρης.

  1. I. A boxer, Verg. A. 5, 369; 375: acc. Dareta, id. ib. 5, 460; 463 al; Daren, id. ib. 5, 456.
  2. II. Phrygius, the assumed name of an impostor whose pretended contemporary account of the Trojan war was received as an authority in the 7th century A. D. Cf. Teuffel, Roem. Lit. 464; F. Meister, über Dares von Phr., Breslau, 1871.

Dārēus (so the best editt. of Cicero and Curtius; cf. Zumpt, Gramm. § 2) or Dā-rīus (Dărĭī, Sid. Carm. 9, 51:

  1. I. Dărīos, Aus. Ep. 5, 23, v. no. II.), ii, m., Δάρειος [a Persian word, from R. dar-, to hold: "the sustainer of the empire," Max. Müller, Science of Lang. 2, 220], the name of several Persian Kings, Cic. Fin. 5, 30 fin.; Plin. 6, 13, 16, § 41; Curt. and Just. passim; Ov. lb. 317; Claud. Epist. 1, 17.
  2. * II. Meton. for the gold coin stamped under Darius, a daric, Aus. l. l.
    Hence, Darīus, a, um, adj. (late Lat.), of Darius, opes, Mart. Cap. 6, § 578.

dăsēa (dasīa), ae, f., Gr. δασεῖα, sc. προσῳδία, the rough-breathing or spiritus asper, Pomp. Com. Art. Don. p. 80 Lind.; Prisc. p. 1287 P.

Dassaresii, ōrum, or Dassaren-ses, ĭum, or Dassarētae, ārum, m., a people of Illyria, Liv. 27, 32; 45, 26; Mel. 2, 3, 11; Plin. 3, 23, 26, § 145 al.

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